• IPEN-DOC 27661

  NOTARIO, A.O.; RIELLO, F.N.; FERREIRA, K.d.; MEDEIROS, E.S.; FILHO, L.G.. Screen-printed electrodes functionalization using polimeric matrices. In: PAN-AMERICAN NANOTECHNOLOGY CONFERENCE, 2nd, March 4-7, 2020, Águas de Lindoia, SP. Abstract... 2020.

  Abstract: Biosensors are analytical devices able of converting a biological response into a signal of another nature. In electrochemical biosensors electrode functionalization is a fundamental step. The surface of the electrode, where the interaction with the biological sample occur, must be properly treated so that the signal can be captured in the best way possible, without noise interference and for reproducibility. We aim in this work to use polymeric structures, called blanket, to stabilize the surface of screen-printed electrodes. The blankets are composed of hydrophilic and hydrophobic polymers blend enriched with nanomaterials and were manufactured using the solution blow spinning (SBS) technique. The blankets were placed in contact with the electrode surface and the functionalization by polymer deposition was induced through the current flow. Subsequently, the modification was validated from voltammetry readings and impedance spectroscopy. Scanning electron microscopy showed that there was no change in the microscopic surface of the treated electrodes. However, the blankets were able to improve the reading signal, increasing the active area and current flow and homogenizing the readings between the electrodes. These observed effects may be related to a chemical change in the electrodes and not a physical one. The strategy presented here has the advantage that the polymeric matrices are easy to obtain and inexpensive and can be enriched with various materials. Ensuring that the electrode functionalization step is efficient is essential for the construction of a biosensor, as it also ensures that the capture molecules deposit in a similar manner in each repetition. Finally, this standardization step enables new platforms to be built for disease diagnosis and detection of specific targets.

  

• IPEN-DOC 27660

  RIELLO, F.N.; NOTARIO, A.O.; GOULART, I.B.; GOULART, L.R.. Electrochemical immunosensor using magnetic capture for disease diagnosis. In: PAN-AMERICAN NANOTECHNOLOGY CONFERENCE, 2nd, March 4-7, 2020, Águas de Lindoia, SP. Abstract... 2020.

  Abstract: Immunosensors are small devices that use biological reactions, relying on antigen-antibody binding to form an immune complex. Methods involving this detection have shown great possibilities for the diagnosis of diseases, but there are still some limitations. In a search for new techniques to increase specific recognition between biomolecules and electrode surface adhesion with faster, lower cost and portability for point-of-care tests, an antibody-coupled magnetic nanoparticle capture system was developed in order to detect antigens in an electrochemical biosensor. Mycobacterium leprae samples were used as an experimental model of more accurate diagnostic tools for this disease. Magnetic iron oxide (Fe3O4) nanoparticles were bioconjugated by covalent binding with M. leprae specific antibody (anti-PGL-I) using EDC promoting direct binding and NHS for stability. Slit-skin smear from leprosy patients with different bacillus concentrations and healthy contacts (negative control) previously quantified by real-time PCR (qPCR / RLEP) were incubated with the bioconjugate and adsorbed on the modified screen-electrode work area. The readings were taken in cyclic voltammetry with portable potentiostat support electrolyte and the PSTouch smartphone software was used to interpret the results. Voltammogram curves have qualitatively discriminated positive from negative samples. Quantitative differences were given by means of logarithmic calculations of the highest values of oxidation peaks in cyclic voltammetry and calibrated based on the number of bacilli previously quantified by qPCR. The novel biosensor presented a detection range from 1 to 1,000,000 bacilli. Briefly, our immunosensor was the first successfully prototype demonstrated for M. leprae detection in direct biological samples from patients. The strategy of magnetic antigen capture proved to be efficient by increasing the sensitivity of the test, because this technique allows the recognition and precipitation of specific antigens. Although it has been used for a specific model, this type of sensor can be applied to different types of diagnostics using antigen and antibody recognition, as the methodology used for bioconjugation is not restricted to the antibody used here. It is also efficient for samples that are difficult to process and where the analyte concentration is low. It is important to emphasize that the new biosensor is portable, fast, sensitive, specific, low-cost and ideal for field screening programs.

  

• IPEN-DOC 27659

  GOMES, D.S. . A survey of accident tolerant fuel composed of uranium dioxide sintered with graphene nanoplatalet. In: PAN-AMERICAN NANOTECHNOLOGY CONFERENCE, 2nd, March 4-7, 2020, Águas de Lindoia, SP. Abstract... 2020.

  Abstract: Global energy demanded should grow by 30% between today and 2040, and nuclear capacity will expand on 83%. Forecast scenarios point out that developing countries will invest in increasing their energy capacity by 45%. Today, nuclear power generates around 11.2% of global electricity, also considered as carbon emissions-free. Humanity must face various challenges to nuclear energy production because of safety operations conditions. In 2011, it started strategic plans, as accident tolerant fuel (ATF) sponsored by government agencies, industries, and universities. ATF introduced concepts that represent enhanced thermal conductivity, improved mechanical response, and radiation stability. It should replace the conventional UO2, also extend the copy time for accident scenarios. Nowadays, it grows the application of carbon materials for electronic devices, aerospace, and nuclear technology. Graphene platelets diffused in UO2 can enhance thermal conductivity around 30% and improve mechanical strength. Using nanocarbon dispersion on the uranium matrix can achieve a lower thermal gradient. The route adopted the spark plasma sintering technique to avoid the graphitization of carbon atoms. At present, the sintering of UO2 may take up a few hours, high temperatures, and energy to furnaces. Graphene is a two-dimensional honeycomb lattice of carbon atoms. Carbon nanotubes are cylindrical shapes, showing diameters of 1-3 nm, formed by graphene sheets. The calculation of the performance of UO2-Graphene used a fuel system with many physical properties updated. UO2-Graphene shows enhanced thermal conductivity and increased the capacity to keep fission gas releases into ceramic fuel.

  

• IPEN-DOC 27658

  GOMES, D.S. ; OLIVEIRA, F.B. . Thermal analysis of nuclear fuel using silicon carbide nanocomposite dispersion in UO2. In: PAN-AMERICAN NANOTECHNOLOGY CONFERENCE, 2nd, March 4-7, 2020, Águas de Lindoia, SP. Abstract... 2020.

  Abstract: After the Fukushima Daiichi disaster happened in Japan in 2011, it started a global effort to get more tolerant fuels. In 2019, the fleet of power reactors designated for electricity suppliers made up 451 power units, generating around 402 GWe. The nuclear power represents 11.2% of the electricity generated, avoiding about 1.2 GT of CO2. The civilian reactors are operating using the uranium dioxide (UO2) as the fuel, which shows poor thermal conductivity of 7.8 W/m-K at room temperature. The fuel temperatures can reach up until 1500 °C at regular operation. Silicon Carbide Nanotube (SiC-CNT) dispersed in the UO2 matrix containing 5 to 20% vol of SiC-CNTs permits to increases the thermal conductivity. The novel fuel concept improves the thermal conductivity of 30% with the addition of 5% of silicon carbide. The fuel pellet UO2-SiC/CNTs are sintered using Spark Plasma Sintering (SPS) with a hold time of 5 minutes, at 1300 °C, and a pressure of 40 MPa. The fuel mixture shows a better density, low porosity, and acceptable grain size distribution compared to traditional sintering routes. It simulated the fuel mixtures using fuel performance code FRAPCON adapted to the thermals and mechanic properties of compounds. This study showed the possibility of increasing the safety margins of nuclear fuel using the addition of a small fraction of nanocomposite.

  

• IPEN-DOC 27657

  MOURA, E.A. ; SANTOS, B.S. ; ISHIKAWA, O.; SANTANA, J.G. ; BARTOLOMEI, M.R.; OLIVEIRA, R.R. . Graphene oxide nanosheets as fillers for thermoplastic-matrix nanocomposites. In: PAN-AMERICAN NANOTECHNOLOGY CONFERENCE, 2nd, March 4-7, 2020, Águas de Lindoia, SP. Abstract... 2020.

  Abstract: Recent studies have shown that the synthesis of graphene oxide (GO) by chemical oxidation of graphite followed by its reduction is one's the most promising routes to prepare remarkable polymer/graphene nanocomposite materials with significant improvement of properties compared to the base polymer. The addition of a very small amount of reduced graphene oxide (RGO)in a polymer can enhance its properties, with respect to electrical conductivity, barrier resistance, stiffness, abrasion resistance, mechanical resistance, and fire retardancy. Numerous approaches have been established to prepare RGO from the desoxygenation of GO. This work presents the synthesis of graphene oxide by chemical oxidation of graphite followed by its photoreduction in aqueous dispersion using UV radiation and highlights some examples of RGO/thermoplastic-matrix nanocomposites prepared by melt processing. To evaluate the potential application of thermoplastic composites prepared, the RGO's content on the morphological, mechanical and thermal properties of the as-obtained nanocomposites has been assessed. In addition, GO/RGO nanosheets were characterized by ATR–FTIR, XRD, Raman, and FE-SEM. According to the results, it can be inferred that the addition of RGO leads to a remarkable improvement in the performance of thermoplastic-matrix nanocomposites and offers a competitive solution for various potential applications.

  

• IPEN-DOC 27656

  PARRA, D.F. ; BASSETTI, C. ; KOMATSU, L.G. . Biocide effects of f nanoparticles of ZnO and ZnO-doped-Ag application in polymeric blend of HMSPP/SEBS. In: PAN-AMERICAN NANOTECHNOLOGY CONFERENCE, 2nd, March 4-7, 2020, Águas de Lindoia, SP. Abstract... 2020.

  Abstract: In this study, the nanoparticles of Zinc oxide (ZnO) and Zinc oxide doped with Silver (ZnO/Ag) were synthesized in laboratory. The incorporation of these nanoparticles in the blend of High Melt Strength Polypropylene (HMSPP) and Styrene-Ethylene/Butadiene-Styrene (SEBS) was carried by melting process. The obtained materials were evaluated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman Spectroscopy, Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), biocidal tests against the bacteria E.coli and S.aureus following the JIZ 2801 standard. The nanoparticles sized between 100-200nm have spherical form. HMSPP / SEBS / films incorporated with the nanoparticles AgNPs / ZnO showed biocidal effect against the bacteria E.coli and S.aureus.

  

• IPEN-DOC 27655

  KOMATSU, L.G. ; OLIANI, W.L. ; LUGAO, A.B. ; PARRA, D.F. . Synthesis of TiO2-doped- Ag for biocide activity on SEBS/PP applications. In: PAN-AMERICAN NANOTECHNOLOGY CONFERENCE, 2nd, March 4-7, 2020, Águas de Lindoia, SP. Abstract... 2020.

  Abstract: Antimicrobial activity represents a challenge for scientific community. Polymer processing conditions impose temperature limitation for stability of biocide nanoparticles. In the present work, we evaluate TiO2-doped-Ag synthesized in laboratory, utilizing P25 Degussa Titanium Dioxide as precursor. The main proposal is to improve the incorporation of Ag on TiO2. The nanoparticles was tested by reduction of colony units formation (CFU)(%), Dynamical Light Scattering (DLS) and Zeta potential values. On CFU tests, all samples showed biocide properties. The samples showed biocide effect on E.coli and S.aureus bacteriae. The same nanoparticle was tested after sterilization under gamma irradiation, and showed an increase on biocide effect against S.aureus bacteria. The obtained biocide material was processed in SEBS/PP to obtain biocide polymeric films. The new material was characterized by: forming colony units (CFU)(%), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), and Fourier Transformed Infrared (FT-IR).

  

• IPEN-DOC 27654

  BALOGH, T.S. ; KADLUBOWSKI, S.; BONTURIM, E.; LUGAO, A.B. ; VARCA, G.H. . Influence of argon and nitrous oxide on the synthesis of PVP nanogels prepared by gamma radiation. In: PAN-AMERICAN NANOTECHNOLOGY CONFERENCE, 2nd, March 4-7, 2020, Águas de Lindoia, SP. Abstract... 2020.

  Abstract: Nanogels are innovative systems with great potential for use in chemotherapy, disease diagnosis, release of bioactive substances, vaccines, cell culture systems, biocatalysis, in the generation of bioactive scaffolds in regenerative medicine among other applications. The definition of this material can be directly derived from the definition of polymeric gel, that is, a two-component system consisting of a permanent three-dimensional network of linked polymer chains and solvent molecules filling the pores of this network. Its internal structure is similar to that of hydrogels however presents particle size range varying from 0 to 100 nm leading to several advantages. Nanogel production methods involve intramolecular crosslinking that can be achieved using ionizing radiation. This method avoids the addition of any additives allowing the reaction to be carried out in a pure polymer-solvent system and the production of nanogels for biomedical applications free from monomer and crosslinking agents or surfactants. In this work influence of argon and nitrous oxide on the formation of nanogels by gamma irradiation has been evaluated. The samples were prepared in duplicate in multipurpose cobalt-60 gamma irradiator using a 25 mM PVP solution. Samples were irradiated in argon and nitrous oxide conditions with doses from 1 kGy up to 25 kGy with 10 kGy/h dose rate. These samples were morphologically characterized using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) as well as the pristine PVP solution. The mean particle size of the samples and the polydispersity index was performed in equipment Zetasizer Nano ZS - Malvern® and the determination of radius of gyration and molecular weight was performed in equipment Heleos - Wyatt®. It was observed in the conditions evaluated that saturation with argon or nitrous oxide promoted similar results except for 25 kGy dose. At this dose larger mean particle size and radius of gyration were observed in the sample saturated with nitrous oxide.

  

• IPEN-DOC 27653

  NASCIMENTO, A.C. ; PASSOS, P.d. ; LIMA, M.M. ; GALISTEO JUNIOR, A.J.; VIEIRA, D.P. . Mouse mioblast (C2C12) spheroids structured using paramagnetic iron nanoparticles as an in vitro culture system of Toxoplasma gondii tachyzoites. In: PAN-AMERICAN NANOTECHNOLOGY CONFERENCE, 2nd, March 4-7, 2020, Águas de Lindoia, SP. Abstract... 2020.

  Abstract: Tridimensional cell culture techniques became essential for understanding physiological processes that are obliterated or fainted in conventional bi-dimensional cultures. These techniques are prone to produce more realistic modeling of the complex environment of living tissues, leading to much better understanding of mammalian tissue organization. This work used magnetic levitation of cell aggregates (spheroids) by adsorbing iron nanoparticles to C2C12 mouse (Mus musculus) mouse line cells (ATCC # CRL-1772), which are suspended with magnetic fields. The cells formed three-dimensional bodies that were cultivated suspended in the air-liquid interface. Magnetite (Fe3O4) nanoparticles with mean diameter of approximately 50 nm were produced by an alkaline coprecipitation methodology under reduction by microwave energy. Composition and size of crystallites were determined by DRX analysis. Adsorption on cell membranes occurred after functionalization with poly-L-lysine. Work concentrations of nanoparticles did no induce cytotoxicity in C2C12 monolayer cultures. Transmission electron microscopy of spheroid sections showed some findings morphologically compatible to the shape of reproductive intracellular vacuoli of T.gondii after cell invasion, demonstrating an interaction of cells with parasites in three-dimensional models.

  

• IPEN-DOC 27652

  MOREIRA, R.P. ; FELINTO, M.C. ; BRITO, H.F.. Synthesis of tungstates nanoparticles with luminescent properties. In: PAN-AMERICAN NANOTECHNOLOGY CONFERENCE, 2nd, March 4-7, 2020, Águas de Lindoia, SP. Abstract... 2020.

  Abstract: Nanomaterials doped with rare earth ions have attracted great attention due to their unusual optical and electronic properties which leads these materials to be looked at as potential materials for application in the fields of high performance luminescent devices, lighting, magnets, catalysts, medical diagnostics, markers biological luminescent, etc. The advantages of using lanthanide ions as luminescent markers are numerous: it is a safe, low cost method, has higher specificity, the tests are more sensitive and the luminescence can be measured quickly, with a high degree of sensitivity and accuracy. [1-3] Among the methods used in obtaining nanocrystals can be mentioned: coprecipitation, sol-gel, microemulsion, microwave, polymer precursor, among others. In recent years, the polymer precursor (Pechini) and combustion methods are being used with greater emphasis due to the race to obtain nanoparticulate compounds, with homogeneous morphology in order to improve the performance of luminescent materials with application in nanotechnology. The Ba(1-x)WO4:xEu3+ powders were synthesized using the Pechini method, where the solutions of the salts of the Ba2+ and Eu3+ percussors in the form of NO3 ions. The 1: 4 citric acid and ethylene glycol solutions were added in the form of heat and heat to form a polymer resin, the pH being adjusted to 7 with ammonium hydroxide so that a brown, transparent resin . This resin was heated at 300°C for 2 hours, resulting in a black mass, which was prepared for the preparation of the precursor in powder form. The precursor was calcined at a preset temperature of 900°C for the production of barium tungstate.

  

• IPEN-DOC 27651

  ROCHA, M.d. ; ANDRADE, D.A. ; MOREIRA, P.G. ; STEFANIAK, I. ; MARTINS, J.G.. Investigation on the improvement of thermal properties of TiO2 nanofluids. In: PAN-AMERICAN NANOTECHNOLOGY CONFERENCE, 2nd, March 4-7, 2020, Águas de Lindoia, SP. Abstract... 2020.

  Abstract: This work aims to investigate the thermophysical properties of TiO2 nanofluids in the water base experimentally and also comparing results with existing literature data and theoretical models. Studies reveal that nanofluids present increasing in thermal conductivity and other important properties related to the heat transfer capacity compared to the base fluid. In this way, it can be classified as promising fluids for heat transport applications. As the proposal is to use it in high thermal flux systems, the survey of experimental measurements was performed to verify whose of the main parameters have more influence over such properties. Thermal conductivity, viscosity, surface contact angle and some visualization of nanoparticles in SEM were carried out in order to understand the nanofluids properties modifications. The TiO2 nanofluids in water base solutions were prepared for this study using the ultrasonic dispersion technique for three distinct volume concentrations: 0.1%, 0.01%, and 0.001%. Samples were initially prepared using an ultrasonic disrupter to make a homogeneous solution. This is an important step in sample analyses concerning the homogeneity influence on thermal conductivity measurements. With all samples prepared, some steps were followed to ensure the dispersion of nanoparticles and thus obtaining more accurate results Nanofluids samples were visualized in a scanning electron microscope (SEM) JEOL, model JSM 6701F at IPEN. Figure 2 shows the TiO2 nanoparticle's image observed. Preliminary tests for determining the thermophysical properties of nanofluids were: density, thermal conductivity, viscosity and surface contact angle. Concentration and temperature effects were investigated in preliminary tests for measurement of the thermal conductivity of nanofluids: this step consists of measuring the thermal conductivities and viscosities of nanofluids for all concentrations (0.001%, 0.01% and 0.1% vol.) at 15°C, 25oC and 35oC. ASTM D5334-08 (2008) describes the standard procedure for determining thermophysical properties and is based on the classical Linear Probe Method also known as the Transient Hot-Wire Method.

  

• IPEN-DOC 27650

  BATISTA, J.G. ; FREITAS, L.F. ; CRUZ, C.C. da; LUGAO, A.B. ; RODRIGUES, A.S.; SANTOS, L.O.; PIRES, M.A. . Green nanotechnology: stability and interactions of gold nanoparticles obtained with Annona muricata extract. In: PAN-AMERICAN NANOTECHNOLOGY CONFERENCE, 2nd, March 4-7, 2020, Águas de Lindoia, SP. Abstract... 2020.

  Abstract: Cancer is among the diseases with the highest mortality rate, with more than 100 different types that occur due to mutations in the genetic material of cells. It is the third leading cause of death worldwide after cardiovascular and infectious diseases. In addition, the number of diseases caused by oxidative stress that results from an imbalance between the formation and neutralization of oxidizing species is increasingly perceived. Oxidative stress is initiated by free radicals and their interactions with biological macromolecules, such as proteins, lipids and DNA, healthy human cells and cause damage to proteins and DNA, with lipid peroxidation. These changes contribute to cancer, atherosclerosis, cardiovascular and inflammatory diseases. All cells are exposed to oxidative stress and therefore oxidation and free radicals play an important role in the development of cancer. Medicinal plants have a special place in cancer management. Several cancer researchers have been carried out studies using traditional medicinal plants, to discover new therapeutic agents that do not have side effects associated with chemotherapeutic agents. Studies using the extract of Annona muricata L., popularly known as araticum, have demonstrated potential anti-inflammatory and anticancer action, due to its antioxidant and immunological properties. The objective of the present work was to develop gold nanoparticles using Annona muricata L. dry extract and verify their physical-chemical characteristics, such as size, shape, and stability. The results obtained show that it is possible to synthesize gold nanoparticles with potential applications in medicine using the extract of araticum. Characterization was performed using the techniques of UV-Vis spectrophotometry, dynamic light scattering (DLS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The in vitro stability study of the gold nanoparticles synthesized with the araticum extract was carried out for thirty days. The nanoparticles showed to be stable in different media during this period and the monitoring was done by spectrophotometry.

  

• IPEN-DOC 27649

  YAMAGATA, C. ; RODAS, A.C.; HIGA, O.Z. ; MELLO-CASTANHO, S. . Synthesis and characterization of a bioactive silicate ceramic from SiO2 nanoparticles. In: PAN-AMERICAN NANOTECHNOLOGY CONFERENCE, 2nd, March 4-7, 2020, Águas de Lindoia, SP. Abstract... 2020.

  Abstract: Sol-gel and co-precipitation techniques have been used for synthesis of multiphase silicate ceramic from SiO2 nanoparticles. Non-aggregated colloidal SiO2 nano particles were initially prepared from a sodium silicate solution, by surfactant template sol-gel method. Afterward, calcium and magnesium hydroxides were co-precipitated on colloidal SiO2 nanoparticles surface. CaO-MgO-SiO2 sintered ceramic obtained from the synthesized powders were characterized by SEM,XRD and FTIR. In vitro tests were performed by soaking the sintered samples in the simulate blood fluid (SBF, at pH 7.25 and 37 ?C) to observe its bioactivity. After 7 days of immersion in SBF, the FTIR spectra analysis revealed that the material is bioactive, by the formation of hydroxyapatite on the surface of the sample. No toxic effect was found in the cytotoxicity tests with CHO (Chinese hamster ovary) cells.

  

• IPEN-DOC 27648

  LIMA, V.d. ; PARRA, D.F. . Study of luminescent effects on PMMA films with Eu3+/Ag nanoparticles. In: PAN-AMERICAN NANOTECHNOLOGY CONFERENCE, 2nd, March 4-7, 2020, Águas de Lindoia, SP. Abstract... 2020.

  Abstract: Lanthanides, which are part of rare earths, have attracted attention due to their optical properties, not only in the field of research, but also in industrial and technological areas. Eu3+ ions are among the most studied of rare earth complexes because they have higher luminescence due to the structures of their energy levels. Combination with high molar absorptive ligands may promote higher emission of rare earth ions. The luminescent polymer system used as markers was obtained from doping with rare earth complexes, incorporating a Europrium complex containing trifluoroacetonate anion (TTA) in the process of encapsulating silver nanoparticles in methyl polymethacrylate (PMMA). The study will show that by introducing metallic nanoparticles, such as silver, it is possible to enhance the emission intensity in the luminescence processes of lanthanide compounds. The study of luminescence properties was performed by the spectrofluorimetry technique, showing that by introducing silver nanoparticles it will be possible to verify an increase of luminescence of the material in low concentrations of Europium complex. It will also be possible to observe an increase in material thermal stability through Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA / DTG) performed under N2 atmosphere.

  

• IPEN-DOC 27647

  TAKARA, E.M. ; SOUZA, J.B. de ; CARVALHO, E.F.U. ; SILVA, A.S. . Kinects and factors on chemical dissolution of aluminum alloy AA6061 in NaOH alkaline media. In: PAN-AMERICAN NANOTECHNOLOGY CONFERENCE, 2nd, March 4-7, 2020, Águas de Lindoia, SP. Abstract... 2020.

  Abstract: Nuclear Medicine is the Field of science that uses radioactive materials in order to diagnose and treat human body deceases. One of the most used radioisotopes for images diagnose purpose is the metastable technetium-99 (99mTc) because of its low decay half life (6 hours) and energy emission of 140keV that ensures low exposition time with the capacity of generating high quality images. The 99mTc is generated by the molibdenum-99(99Mo) radioactive decay during about 66 hours. The 99Mo is fabricated via nuclear fission of low encriched uranium (LEU) through plate irradiation targets (UAlx). The irradiation target cladding is made of Aluminum alloy AA6061 and its substrate is composed by 235U powder scattered in an AA1050 matrix. In general, studies are made targeting the prevention of corrosion mechanisms but the chemical dissolution in alkaline media, under hot cells, are one of the steps required for the post-processing methods of irradiation targets The time spent after irradiation is an important factor because the half life radioactive decay of the produced radioisotopes is relative short, then the procedures of dissolution, extraction, purify and distribution must be optimized in order to increase efficiency. This work presents a study of the factors impact involved on the chemical dissolution of the cladding aluminum alloys (temperature, NaOH solution concentration and dissolution time) as well as the kinects of the process associating it with the formation and destruction of oxides using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). It was found that the involved parameters contribute individually more effective and that there is no relevant association between the factors. Solution temperature showed to be the most influent factor following by exposition time. It was presented a equivalent circuit model which demonstrates the reaction kinects and the growing of passive layers that slow down the process before it turns up into a soluble phase.

  

• IPEN-DOC 27646

  LANGE, C.N.; PELEGRINO, M.T.; KOHATSU, M.Y.; SEABRA, A.B.; BATISTA, B.L.; MONTEIRO, L.R. ; URZEDO, A.L.; JESUS, T.A.; GOMES, D.G.; OLIVEIRA, H.C.. Copper nanoparticles are an effective tool to increase endogenous nitric oxide and have beneficial effects on lettuce seedlings. In: PAN-AMERICAN NANOTECHNOLOGY CONFERENCE, 2nd, March 4-7, 2020, Águas de Lindoia, SP. Abstract... 2020.

  Abstract: Copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) have been investigated as a solution for agriculture worldwide problems. CuO NPs are efficiently to inhibit several pathogens and they are been commercially used as nanopesticide. In addition, CuO NPs might be promising for plant growth, development and recovery of degraded soils. The molecular pathway leading to these remarkable features of CuO NPs administration may be related to nitric oxide (NO) signaling. NO is a molecular messenger related to abiotic and biotic stress responses. CuO NPs may increase copper ion in plant. The increase of copper ions is well known to decompose S-nitrosothiols (RSNO) and generate NO. Our purpose in this study was to investigate the effect of CuO NPs on lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) seedlings and the role of NO in its process. CuO NPs were synthesized using green tea extract as the reductor agent. They showed an average size diameter of 6.6 ± 0.2 nm, as assessed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The lettuce seedlings were exposed to a wide CuO NPs concentration range of 0.2 to 300 µg mL-1 and the germination rate and radicle elongation were analyzed. CuO NPs concentrations under 40 µg mL-1 showed no phytotoxic behavior to lettuce seedling whereas concentrations equal or above 80 µg mL-1 showed moderate to strong phytotoxic behavior. The optimum concentration was found to be at 20 µg mL-1 which showed an enhancement of germination and radicle growth of lettuce seedling. To evaluate the overall oxidative stress of plant, the enzymes catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), peroxidase activity (POD) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were analyzed. SOD levels significantly decreased with the increase of CuO NPs concentration. The SOD enzyme is correlated to decrease reactive oxygen species (ROS), thus the observed toxicity in concentration above 80 µg mL-1 may be linked with higher levels of ROS. In addition, we quantified RSNO and nitrite (NO2-), measured by amperometric analysis, which are indicators of NO presence. RSNO and NO2- levels significantly increased with the increase of CuO NPs concentration. CuO NPs administration was effective to increase NO formation in plant. Low levels of RSNO and NO2- were observed to have beneficial effects to lettuce seedlings. Thus, CuO NPs concentration is a crucial factor to assurance its beneficial effect and the NO signaling pathway may have an important role underling this process.

  

• IPEN-DOC 27645

  JACOVONE, R.M. ; COSTA, C.A.; SAKATA, S.K. . Chemical characterization of bacteria: graphene oxide/Ag nanocomposite interactions by atomic force microscopy -infrared spectroscopy. In: PAN-AMERICAN NANOTECHNOLOGY CONFERENCE, 2nd, March 4-7, 2020, Águas de Lindoia, SP. Abstract... 2020.

  Abstract: Atomic force microscopy -Infrared spectroscopy (AFM-IR) is a combined technique that allows nanoscale chemical characterization of biological–materials interactions. In this work, AFM-IR was used to map Escherichia coli in graphene oxide /silver nanocomposite (Ag/rGO). In Escherichia coli, it was observed absorption bands corresponding to amine I at 1660 cm-1 and amide II at 1550 cm-1 from proteins. On the other hand, when these bacteria were exposed to (Ag/rGO) typical absorption bands from carbonyl/carboxyl groups around 1745 and carbon bond around 1620 were also detected, showing the antibacterial activities of (Ag/rGO). The conventional atomic force microscope was used to elucidate the morphologic changes that occurred by internalization of nanocomposite into the bacteria. Atomic force microscopy -Infrared spectroscopy (AFM-IR) is a combined technique that allows nanoscale chemical characterization of biological–materials interactions. In this work, AFM-IR was used to map Escherichia coli in graphene oxide /silver nanocomposite (Ag/rGO). In Escherichia coli, it was observed absorption bands corresponding to amine I at 1660 cm-1 and amide II at 1550 cm-1 from proteins. On the other hand, when these bacteria were exposed to (Ag/rGO) typical absorption bands from carbonyl/carboxyl groups around 1745 cm-1 and carbon bond around 1620 cm-1 were also detected, showing the antibacterial activities of (Ag/rGO). The conventional atomic force microscope was used to elucidate the morphologic changes that occurred by internalization of nanocomposite into the bacteria.

  

• IPEN-DOC 27644

  RIELLO, F.N.; VARCA, G.H. ; LIMA, C.S. ; FREITAS, L.F. ; FERREIRA, A.H. ; LUGAO, A.B. . Synthesis and purification of albumin-based nanoparticles crosslinked by radiation. In: PAN-AMERICAN NANOTECHNOLOGY CONFERENCE, 2nd, March 4-7, 2020, Águas de Lindoia, SP. Abstract... 2020.

  Abstract: Protein-based nanoparticles have been proved a promissing alternative for the loading and delivery of chemotherapeutic agents, radiopharmaceutics and other drugs of interests, constituting a less toxic therapeutic option due to its biocompatibility and low or null side effects. The use of radiation to crosslink or form covalent bonds enables the controll of the crosslinking process, without the need for crosslinking agents, as well as provides sterilizations simultaneously, withouth generating toxic compounds or products. The present work targets the synthesis an purification of albumin-based nanocarrier crosslinked by gamma radiation for biomedical applications. For such purpose, albumin nanoparticles were synthesized using BSA at 20% ethanol (v/v) in 50 mM phosphate buffer on an ice bath prior to and after irradiation. Samples were exposed to gamma radiation at a minimun absrobed dose of 10 kGy at 5kGy.h-1 and purified using a SuperdexTM 200 Increase 10/300GL for isolating the crosslinked protein (high molecular weight) from the native BSA. After the purification, the fractions were characterized by electrophoresis, Uv, fluorescence and dynamic light scaterring. The nanoparticles were obtained in the range of 25-40 nm and purified into fractions of high molecular weight and the native ones. The high molecular weight fractions presented increased bityrosine levels if compared to the fraction corresponded to the native BSA. The yields of nanoparticle formation remains to be determined, but our results provided a clear evidence of the formation of radiation-crosslinked BSA nanoparticles and the role of bityrosine in the nanoparticle assembly.

  

• IPEN-DOC 27643

  FRANCISCO, L.H. ; FELINTO, M.C. ; BRITO, H.F.. Hydrothermal synthesis of rare-earth doped nanoparticles for energy conversion and storage. In: PAN-AMERICAN NANOTECHNOLOGY CONFERENCE, 2nd, March 4-7, 2020, Águas de Lindoia, SP. Abstract... 2020.

  Abstract: In recent years, several classes of rare-earth doped luminescent nanoparticles have been drawing attention due to complex energy converting systems that can be structurally engineered to tune absorption and emission wavelengths, outlining novel materials and applications on photonics [1-2]. In this scenario, this work presents the development of rare-earth doped core-shell SrAl2O4:Eu2+/3+, Dy3+ nanoparticles prepared via hydrothermal synthesis and post-annealed on carbon monoxide reducing atmosphere, which exhibit appealing spectroscopic properties for solar energy conversion and storage. The prepared strontium aluminate phosphors were further amino-functionalized with 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (APTMS) and ?-diketonate rare-earth complexes by microwave assisted synthesis [3], in order to enhance its absorption section and energy-transfer processes within the system. Prepared samples were analyzed by X-ray powder diffraction, which revealed a stable monoclinic phase of pure strontium aluminate accordingly to PDF34-379. Crystallite size was estimated by the Scherrer method, indicating dimensions of about 25 nm. Moreover, standard luminescence spectroscopy results of pure SrAl2O4:Eu2+/3+, Dy3+ showcased characteristic green Eu2+ emission assigned to the 4f65d1?4f7(8S7/2) interconfigurational transition under near ultraviolet excitation. It was also found that amino-functionalized samples display distinguished emission spectral profiles, as Eu2+ emission shifts on ?-diketonate coated samples, suggesting an effective interaction between the inorganic host-matrix, the silica network and the ?-diketonate complexes. Likewise, acquired excitation spectra monitored on Eu2+ emission revealed its characteristic broad band in the ultraviolet region, as well as non-reduced Eu3+ narrow absorption lines. In addition, ?-diketonate S0?Sn transitions were also observed on functionalized samples, unveiling an increasing absorption section under ultraviolet light. Finally, it is highlighted that prepared SrAl2O4:Eu2+/3+, Dy3+ persistent phosphors displayed intensifying characteristic green emission under UV light due to imposed surface modification processes by functionalization. Therefore, as its emission wavelength overlaps with a commonly used dye (N719) in dye-sensitized solar cells, the materials assembled in this work aspire to enhance energy conversion efficiency and storage on such photovoltaic devices.

  

• IPEN-DOC 27642

  NOGUEIRA, K.M. ; VARCA, J.O. ; LIMA, C.S. ; CRUZ, C.C. da; RIBEIRO, A.H.; FREITAS, L.F. ; VARCA, G.H. ; LUGAO, A.B. . Development of Lignin/PEO nanofibers by electrospinning technique for tissue engineering application. In: PAN-AMERICAN NANOTECHNOLOGY CONFERENCE, 2nd, March 4-7, 2020, Águas de Lindoia, SP. Abstract... 2020.

  Abstract: Lignin is a renewable carbon source and has been widely explored in different areas over the last years, especially in biomaterials such as dressings and other biomedical devices due its natural origin and low cost. Its chemical structure confers interesting properties such as antioxidant capacity, UV protection, bactericidal action and appropriate adsorption. Poly (ethylene oxide) (PEO) is used in electrospinning to facilitate the formation polymer fibers. The electrospinning technique has been largely explored in the bioengineering area towards designing nanomaterial with minimum defect and high surface area. The present work aimed the development of a lignin/PEO nanofiber by electrospinning technique. In practical terms, lignin/PEO solution was prepared following two different methods. In the first approach, polymer stock solutions were prepared in alkaline water by stirring at 70 °C. In the second, the polymer powders were mixed and dissolved together in dimethylformamide (DMF) under stirring at 80 °C. By both methods, PEO/lignin solutions were prepared at 10, 20 e 30% (w,v) solid content, at the ratios 99/1 and 95/5. For electrospinning parameters, the distance between ejector and plate collector was set to 15-20 cm, voltage to 20 kV and injection flow to 1 mL/h, chamber temperature to 40 °C and 30%. Nanofiber morphology was assessed by scanning electron microscopy and optical coherence tomography. Apparent porosity was measured by classical Archimedes method. Due to higher DMF dielectric constant compared to water, results showed that nanofibers made using DMF presented smaller beats formation and smaller fiber diameter. Nanofibers with higher solid content presented more uniform fibers with larger diameter. Nanofibers with higher lignin concentration presented larger number of beats and higher fiber diameter. However, lignin improved the system porosity in all cases. Further mechanical and biological experiments will be done, nevertheless, the nanofiber developed is a promising material to be applied in tissue engineering.

  

• IPEN-DOC 27641

  MOURA, E.A. ; ISHIKAWA, O.; MANGIERI, F.; BARTOLOMEI, M.R.; BARTOLOMEI, S.S.; OLIVEIRA, R.R. ; FRANCISCO, D.L.; GUIMARÃES, K.. Sonochemical synthesis of reduced graphene oxide: methods and characterization. In: PAN-AMERICAN NANOTECHNOLOGY CONFERENCE, 2nd, March 4-7, 2020, Águas de Lindoia, SP. Abstract... 2020.

  Abstract: The reduction of graphene oxide (GO) by a safe and eco-friendly route, without the use of harmful chemicals, has drawn much attention as one of the most promising routes to produce graphene nanosheets, a 2D material with excellent electrical and thermal conductivity, optical and mechanical properties. Graphite exfoliation is widely performed by the chemical reduction of GO, which is commonly produced by oxidation of graphite using a strong oxidizing agent by Hummers’ method. This work presents a study of the influence of sonochemical application on synthesis of reduced graphene oxide induced by UV radiation. Commercial graphite powder was used as raw material. Firstly, graphite powder was dispersed into a DMF/deionized water solution and ultrasonicated using a high intensity ultrasonic device for 1 8 hours in other to reduce the particle sizes. After, sonicated graphite samples were frozen for 24 hours and freeze-dried for 24 hours to obtain the powder. Graphite powder obtained with different particle sizes was used to prepared GO through a chemical route. GO prepared was dispersed into a DMF/deionized water solution, ultrasonicated using a high intensity ultrasonic device for 1-2 hours, frozen for 24 hours and freeze-dried for 24 hours. Finally, GO powder samples were dispersed in a mixture of isopropyl alcohol, acetone, and deionized water and irradiated using UV radiation by different irradiation time to obtain reduced GO (RGO). The GO and RGO were characterized by BET, ATR–FTIR, XRD, Raman, TG, and FE-SEM analysis. In addition, graphite samples were characterized by BET, SEM and XRD analysis. The results showed that sonochemical application has a fundamental role in the synthesis of GO nanosheets and RGO. Ultrasonically prepared GO exhibited higher surface area, higher crystallinity and higher oxidation efficiency with many hydrophilic groups. FE-SEM analysis of the GO showed that sonochemical application reduced the aggregated domains and close stacking of sheets on the GO surface and led to obtaining reduced GO with a smooth surface, fewer layers and significant effective surface area.

  

• IPEN-DOC 27640

  LIMA, C.S. ; VARCA, G.H. ; OLIVEIRA, J.R. ; NOGUEIRA, K.M. ; SANTOS, F.A. ; RIBEIRO, A.H.; LUGAO, A.B. ; FREITAS, L.F. ; ROGERO, S.O. . CMC and PVA hydrogel containing papain nanoparticles for drug delivery. In: PAN-AMERICAN NANOTECHNOLOGY CONFERENCE, 2nd, March 4-7, 2020, Águas de Lindoia, SP. Abstract... 2020.

  Abstract: Four hydrogel formulations of Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) and Poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) were prepared with native papain (AP and BP) and papain nanoparticles (AN and BN) for drug delivery. The formulations were evaluated for their preliminary stability, protein distribution in the matrix and cytotoxicity. Three methods for sterilization purposes were compared: irradiation by 60Co source, electron-beam and UV light. The preliminary stability test confirmed that the system was stable since there was no precipitation or alteration of the organoleptic properties of the samples in the evaluated period. The distribution of proteins in the hydrogel was very homogeneous in all the formulations. Quantification of the enzymatic activity of papain after contact with the gel showed that native papain maintained its activity high (86% and 93% for AP and BP gels, respectively), whereas there was a considerable drop in the activity of the papain nanoparticles to 60.54% and 69.44% for AP and BP gels, respectively. Such loss of activity is attributed to processing and/or process steps. The cell viability assay showed that the polymer matrix shows no cytotoxicity, corroborating with the literature, since the material is biocompatible. Thus, it is possible to affirm that the developed system presents potential for biomedical application, either as a vehicle of papain itself or for the transport of other drugs through complexation with papain nanoparticles. However, the need for further studies of stability, controlled release capacity and biocompatibility is required.

  

• IPEN-DOC 27639

  FREITAS, L.F. ; CRUZ, C.C. da; BATISTA, J.G. ; VARCA, G.H. ; LUGAO, A.B. ; PIRES, M.A. . Stability of gold nanoparticles in different ionic concentrations and pH: a comparison among synthetic protocols. In: PAN-AMERICAN NANOTECHNOLOGY CONFERENCE, 2nd, March 4-7, 2020, Águas de Lindoia, SP. Abstract... 2020.

  Abstract: There are several protocols for the synthesis of gold nanoparticles, and lately there is a trend for green methods in order to minimize the environmental impacts. The reduction of gold salts by epigallocatechin 3 gallate, for instance, generates stable and uniform nanoparticles without the use of toxic compounds, and so does the radiolytic synthesis protocol. For medical purposes, proteins like albumin and papain are useful coating agents, providing a better biological effectiveness. Here we present a comparison of different synthetic and protein coating protocols for gold nanoparticles regarding their stability in different NaCl concentrations and pH, aiming for the development of nanoparticles that are able to be administered in physiologic solutions to patients. The nanoparticles were synthesized via EGCG (2 mg mL 1) reduction of gold salt (5 mmol L 1) in phosphate buffer pH 7.0. Those nanoparticles were coated or not with albumin or papain (1 mg mL 1) using mercaptopropionic acid. Other protein coated gold nanoparticles were synthesized radiolytically by mixing 5 mmol L 1 NaAuCl4 with 1 mg mL 1 bovine serum albumin (BSA) or papain and 0.1 mol L 1 tert butanol. The solutions were irradiated with 10 kGy (60Co source, 5 kGy h 1) and the resulting suspensions were stored until use. The suspensions were added in 96 well plates to solutions with different pH and NaCl concentrations, and their absorption spectra were taken periodically to verify their stability. It was observed that BSA gold nanoparticles synthesized by both protocols were stable in concentrations of NaCl varying from 0.1% to 14.4% up to 72h. The papain gold nanoparticles synthesized by both protocols were stable in concentrations of NaCl varying from 0.1% to 14.4% up to 48h, but in 72h there was evidence of instability in the lowest and highest NaCl concentrations. The nanoparticles coated just with EGCG (without proteins) were stable in all NaCl concentrations and times, except in the highest concentration after 72h. Regarding the pH, BSA gold nanoparticles and papain gold nanoparticles synthesized radiolytically, as well as EGCG gold nanoparticles were stable at least in pH varying from 5 to 11, in all times analyzed. In conclusion, all the nanoparticles tested are able to be administered to patients in physiological solutions, which have pH around 7.4 and NaCl concentrations around 0.9%, without the risk of aggregation and loss of biological activity.

  

• IPEN-DOC 27638

  MORAES, T.S.; FERREIRA, J.C. ; BERGAMASCHI, V.S. ; SPINACE, E.V. . Core-shell catalysts for ethanol steam reforming reaction. In: PAN-AMERICAN NANOTECHNOLOGY CONFERENCE, 2nd, March 4-7, 2020, Águas de Lindoia, SP. Abstract... 2020.

  Abstract: Hydrogen can be produced from the steam reforming (SR) of biomass-derived liquids such as bioethanol. The SR of ethanol for hydrogen production has several advantages. However, one of the main barriers to the commercialization of this technology is the deactivation of the catalysts due to the formation of carbon. Therefore, the development of catalysts that are stable and resistant to carbon formation is necessary. Several strategies have been used to avoid the deposition of carbon on the surface of the catalysts. Cerium oxide, at high temperatures or in the presence of reducers, can easily change oxidation state to form a non-stoichiometric oxygen deficient oxide. This oxide has a strong tendency to remain in the fluorite structure even after considerable oxygen loss, stabilizing the structure with a high number of oxygen vacancies. Other approach to minimize coke formation is to control the size of metallic particle through modifications in the catalyst structure. According to the mechanism reported in the literature, carbon formation in these reactions are favored in large sizes of metal particle. Therefore, controlling particle size is essential to reduce carbon accumulation on the catalyst surface during ethanol reforming reactions. One strategy for inhibiting the sintering process of metal particles in catalysts is the development of core-shell catalysts. These catalysts feature a metal core covered with an oxide layer, which gives them unique characteristics. The core-shell structure also accelerates the transformation processes of the carbon formed at the metal-oxide interface, favoring the gasification reaction and consequently its elimination in the form of CO2. Das et all have synthesized an innovative sandwiched core-shell structured Ni-SiO2@CeO2 catalyst that showed high activity and stability at dry reforming of biogas with negligible coke formation. The aim of this work is to investigate the performance of the structurally modified Ni-SiO2@CeO2 catalyst in the form of a sandwiched core-shell to inhibit the formation of carbon and increase the stability of the catalysts in the SR of ethanol reaction. This new form of catalyst synthesis has proved very efficient in other reactions but is still very little studied in the ethanol SR reaction. Silica nano-spheres were synthesized by the Stöber method and Ni-SiO2 catalysts were prepared via a Ni-phyllosilicate precursor route. Ni-SiO2@CeO2 will be prepare using the fresh Ni-phyllosilicate spheres that will be coated with a thin layer of CeO2 using a precipitation method. Silica nano-spheres and Ni-SiO2 were calcined at 1273 K for 1 hour with air. Samples were analyzed using transmission electron microscope (TEM) and x-ray diffraction (XRD). SR of ethanol was performed in a fixed-bed reactor at atmospheric pressure. Prior to reaction, catalysts were reduced under pure hydrogen at 923 K for 1 h. The reactions were carried out at 673K and H2O/ethanol molar ratio of 3.0.

  

• IPEN-DOC 27637

  BRITO, H.F.; FELINTO, M.C. ; FRANCISCO, L.H. ; SAULA, M.S.; MERIZIO, L.G.. Nanoparticles presenting the phenomenon of luminescent persistence make the difference in biological applications. In: PAN-AMERICAN NANOTECHNOLOGY CONFERENCE, 2nd, March 4-7, 2020, Águas de Lindoia, SP. Abstract... 2020.

  Abstract: The persistent luminescent materials are an important class of light-induced energy storage materials, which have undertaken a long development process. Recently, there has been increasing interest in employing long persistence luminescent nanoparticles (LPLNPs) for in vivo imaging. Because the long afterglow of these nanoparticles can last for several hours after they are excited in vitro, real-time in vivo imaging can be achieved after injection without requiring any external illumination source. Thus, the SNR can be significantly improved by removing the background noise originating from in situ excitations. Moreover, the afterglow luminescence of near-infrared (NIR)-emitting long-persistence luminescent nanoparticles (NLPLNPs) (the afterglow wavelength varies from 650 nm to 900 nm) falls within the tissue transparency window, where light attenuation is largely due to scattering rather than absorption, which is advantageous for long-term in vivo imaging with deep penetration and a high SNR1-3. In this work, we will be discussed the synthesis of these LPLNPs, the characterization and the luminescent properties especially the persistent luminescence intensity and lifetime that are the two important parameters to evaluate the persistent luminescent properties of materials. It was expected the materials to have a very high luminescence intensity and long persistent lifetime. The development of rare-earth doped core-shell SrAl2O4:Eu2+/3+, Dy3+ nanoparticles prepared via hydrothermal synthesis and p-st-annealed on carbon monoxide, in reducing atmosphere, or materials like Li1,6M1,6Sn2,8O8:R3+ (M2+: Mg, Zn and Cd; R3+: Cr, Nd, Yb), etc prepared by microwave-assisted solid-state reaction, ceramics method and co-precipitation reaction generate materials with efficient persistent luminescence and will be discussed in terms of electronic structure and syntheses methodology. Moreover, standard luminescence spectroscopy results of pure characteristic green Eu2+ emission assigned to the 4f65d1?4f7(8S7/2) interconfigurational transition under near-ultraviolet excitation. Some of these materials have special behavior and present persistent luminescence in the near-infrared, NIR, which is very important in terms of biological application point-of-view.

  

• IPEN-DOC 27636

  FELINTO, M.C. . Nanocrystals of BaWO4:Dy3+ and SrWO4:Dy3+ synthetized by green chemistry method. In: PAN-AMERICAN NANOTECHNOLOGY CONFERENCE, 2nd, March 4-7, 2020, Águas de Lindoia, SP. Abstract... 2020.

  Abstract: Nowadays, the investigation of oxide based light emitting materials for white light emitting diodes (w-LEDs) or device applications have generated interest due to the advantages such as long lifetime, low energy consumption, high luminescence efficiency and environmental friendliness [1]. These qualities make them a strong candidate for the solid state lighting, display devices, optoelectronic devices and light-emitting diodes (LEDs). In this work, we present results of Dy3+: BaWO4 and Dy3+: SrWO4 that present luminescence close to white color (Figure 1) left. They were synthesized using co-precipitation method. The emission spectra exhibit four emission transitions centered at around 486 nm, 576 nm, 665 nm and 760 nm corresponding to the transitions 4F9/2?6H15/2 (blue), 4F9/2?6H13/2 (yellow) 4F9/2?6H11/2 and 4F9/2?6H9/2 6F11/2 (red) respectively. Among these transitions 4F9/2?6H15/2 and 4F9/2?6H13/2 are observed to be strong whereas 4F9/2?6H11/2 transition is found to be relatively quite weak. The 4F9/2?6H13/2 transition is hypersensitive in nature and is strongly influenced by the environment around the Dy3+ ion site. It is observed in the luminescence spectra of these materials that the electric dipole transition is dominant compared to the magnetic dipole transition. The CIE diagram show emission close to white (Fig.1 right) for the five composition with little distortion of the color showing the influence of dopant concentration in the color of the emission. Figure 1. Dy3+: BaWO4 under UV excitation (366nm) left, emission spectra under excitation at 350nm middle and chromaticity coordination diagram of BaWO4:Dy3+ material.

  

• IPEN-DOC 27635

  FERREIRA, A.H. ; MARQUES, F.N.; SOUZA, L.E. de; VARCA, G.H. ; REAL, C.C.; FARIA, D.d.; JUNQUEIRA, M.d.; LUGAO, A.B. ; FREITAS, L.F. . Radiolabeled protein nanoparticles for cancer diagnosis. In: PAN-AMERICAN NANOTECHNOLOGY CONFERENCE, 2nd, March 4-7, 2020, Águas de Lindoia, SP. Abstract... 2020.

  Abstract: Recent advances in nanomedicine and nanotechnology have expanded the development of multifunctional nanostructures which combine specificity, diagnostic and therapeutic functions in nanostructured complexes in order to overcome biological barriers that may hinder the selective and effective administration and uptake of drugs and diagnostic agents in tumor tissue. Nanoparticles have been used in nuclear medicine as nano-radiopharmaceuticals to carry PET and SPECT ?- and ?-emitting radioisotopes used in endoradiotherapy to specifically destroy tumor tissue. The aim of the present work was the study of radiolabeling of albumin (BSA-NPs) and papain (P-NPs) nanoparticles synthesized by gamma irradiation, with 99mTc and characterize their in vitro and in vivo properties as potential novel nano-radiopharmaceuticals. Electron microscopy and light scattering techniques show spherical shapes of nanoparticles and average diameter of 9.3 ± 1.9 nm for P-NPs and 25.1 ± 2.9 nm for BSA-NPs. The radiolabeling reached around 90% yield, and the 99mTc-BSA-NPs showed stability for 24 h in all assayed conditions, while 99mTc-P-NPs presented stability for 6 h in human serum. The biodistribution studies in healthy animals have shown different excretion profiles, 99mTc-P-NPs featured a renal excretion. On the other hand the 99mTc-BSA-NPs were found in the liver and spleen to a larger extent, undergoing hepatic excretion. In vitro studies showed promising internalization rates for both nanoparticles with 74% and 57.6% of total uptake in MDA-MB231 cells, respectively for 99mTc-P-NPs and 99mTc-BSA-NPs. In vivo studies in micro-SPECT/CT images also showed a high tumor uptake for both nanoparticles. The autoradiographic studies and immunohistochemistry assays revealed a high density of both papain and BSA nanoparticles in peripheral regions of tumor tissue and confirmed the efficacy of the developed nano-radioparmaceuticals for targeting breast cancer.

  

• IPEN-DOC 27634

  NOGUEIRA, B.R. ; SOUZA, C.D. ; CARVALHO, D.V. ; ROSTELATO, M.E. ; ROSERO, W.A. . A comparison of different coatings agents for gold nanoparticles obtained with a one-pot reaction with ascorbic acid. In: PAN-AMERICAN NANOTECHNOLOGY CONFERENCE, 2nd, March 4-7, 2020, Águas de Lindoia, SP. Abstract... 2020.

  Abstract: The materials at nanometric size sometimes present different characteristics when compared to the same material in macrometric scale. The gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are an example, presenting different properties such as fluorescence, melting point, electrical conductivity, magnetic permeability, chemical reactivity, and even different color than usual. Those features are direct dependence on particle size, shape, and colloidal distribution. AuNPs have desirable attributes for medical applications such as excellent biocompatibility, low toxicity, and good optical and electronic properties. AuNPs are already widely used to carry nucleotides, antibodies, and proteins in addition to biotech applications. Spherical gold nanoparticles are mainly processed by Au3+ reduction to Au+ and Au0. With the use of a stabilizing ligand, the gold nanoparticles are capped and then further growth is avoided. In this work for each 100 mL of a 0.5 mM HAuCl4, 1 mL of 0.1 M L-Ascorbic Acid solution was added, as reduction agent, under a vigorous and constantly magnetic stirring at room temperature. Almost instantly, the reaction that was originally transparent, became black and then reddish, after continued stirring for 30 min more. Three different coating agents were used in this work (SH-PEG-NH2, Arabic Gum, and Biotin). A solution with 0.1 mM of each coating agent was prepared and then in a proportion of 1:1 they were added to the AuNPs solution and putted in an orbital shaker for 2 hours. For comparison a sample with just ultrapure water, instead of the coating agent was added. Bare AuNPs and each of the coated ones were compared by using dynamic light sizer (DLS) and UV-Vis, for size measurements; and Fourier transform Infrared spectroscopy was used to evaluate bonds between the nanoparticle surface and the coating agents. Preliminary results showed that AuNPs without any coating agent presented a total smaller size (ca. 51 nm) when compared with the (ca. 84 nm)coated ones. However UV-Vis peaks indicated that the cores of the coated AuNPs are probably smaller than the non-coated. The smaller core size may be due the addition of the coating agent stopping diffusion growth. FTIR was able to confirm the presence of the agents in the NPs surface. Further analysis such as transmission electronic microscopic should confirm these results.

  

• IPEN-DOC 27619

  SOPER, FIONA; COVEY, KRISTOFER R.; PANGALA, SUNITHA R.; BERNADINO, ANGELO; BASSO, LUANA S. ; CASSOL, HENRIQUE L.G.; FEARNSIDE, PHILIP M.; NOVOA, SIDNEY; SAWAKUCHI, HENRIQUE O.; LOVEJOY, THOMAS; MARENGO, JOSE A.; PERES, CARLOS; BERNASCONI, PAULA; NARDOTO, GABRIELA B.; NOBRE, ISMAEL; MESQUITA, RITA G.; PINTO, FLAVIA; HOFFMAN, BRUCE; FREITAS, CAROLINA; ASSIS, RAFAEL L. de; BAHL, ALEXIS A.; ELMORE, AURORA; BAILLIE, JONATHON. Carbon and beyond: interactive global change impacts on Amazon biogeochemical cycles. In: AGU FALL MEETING, December 1-17, 2020, Online. Abstract... Washington, DC, USA: American Geophysical Union, 2020.

  Abstract: The Amazon is at the center of an intensifying conversation about multiple anthropogenic impacts, both direct (e.g. land use change) and indirect (climate and hydrologic change). Thus far, research has focused primarily on the cycling and storage of carbon (C) and its implications for global climate. Missing is a holistic consideration of the interactions between these anthropogenic impacts and the full suite of climate forcing agents originating in the basin, including other greenhouse gases (methane, nitrous oxide), biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs), black C, transpiration and albedo. Doing so is complicated by the very large variation in biophysical, ecological, cultural and political factors across the large area of the basin. Here, we synthesize the current understanding of 1) the nature, extent, rates and drivers of all major anthropogenic changes, and 2) their expected magnitude and direction of effect on each major climate forcing agent. Studied anthropogenic impacts span a range of scales and include deforestation, agricultural conversion, hydrologic and climatic regime change, reservoir construction, fire, mining/oil extraction, hunting, severe storms and others. We identify key knowledge gaps and identify likely impacts on the net climate forcing effect of the region. We conclude that the current net positive radiative forcing of non-CO2 agents in the Amazon (in particular methane, nitrous oxide and black C) is likely be equal to or greater than the more often considered CO2 climate impact. If unchecked, the majority of anthropogenic change agents are likely to further increase net radiative forcing from the region, both by reducing C uptake and increasing emission of other agents. Most significant rate and response uncertainties are associated with 1) methane production in seasonally inundated areas and effects of temperature/hydrologic change 2) patterns and radiative forcing impacts of BVOCs, 3) impacts of spatially/temporally variable phenomena such as severe storms and 4) biogeochemical and ecological resiliency of freshwater systems. Given the large contribution of these less-recognized forcing agents, a continuing focus on a single metric of climate service is incompatible with understanding and managing the biogeochemistry of climate in a rapidly changing Amazon.

  Palavras-Chave: carbon; carbon oxides; environment; climatic change; greenhouse effect; amazon river; environmental degradation; environmental impacts; methane

  

• IPEN-DOC 27618

  BASSO, LUANA S.; GATTI, LUCIANA V.; MARANI, LUCIANO; CASSOL, HENRIQUE L.G.; TEJADA, GRACIELA; CORREA, SERGIO M.; MILLER, JOHN B.; GLOOR, MANUEL; DOMINGUES, LUCAS G.; ARAI, EGIDIO; SANCHEZ, ALBER; ARAGÃO, LUIZ E.O.C.; CORREIA, CAIO S. de C. ; NEVES, RAIANE A.L.; CRISPIM, STEPHANE P.. First Amazon Methane budget based in atmospheric long term data provided by aircraft vertical profiles measurements. In: AGU FALL MEETING, December 1-17, 2020, Online. Abstract... Washington, DC, USA: American Geophysical Union, 2020.

  Abstract: The overall Methane (CH4) budget remains highly uncertain even with the efforts to improve the estimates and contributions of its many sources (natural and anthropogenic) and few sinks. Wetland emissions are considered the primary natural CH4 source but with large uncertainty in estimations. Tropical regions like the Amazon, host some of the largest wetlands areas on the globe. However, these regions are still poorly observed with large-scale integrating observations. Here we present the first long term (2010-2018) atmospheric sampling of the lower troposphere over the Amazon using regular vertical profile (300m to 4.4km height) observations of CH4 and carbon monoxide (CO) at four sites. The sampling was nearly biweekly using small aircrafts, to provide solid seasonal and annual CH4 budgets with large spatial resolution. Was calculated a CO/CH4 ratio to estimate CH4 emissions from biomass burning. An increase in emissions mainly during the dry season at all sites from biomass burning was observed. The results show a regional variation in biogenic CH4 emissions (total minus biomass burning emissions). There are comparably high emissions from the Amazon northeast region (SAN) exhibiting strong seasonality, with particularly high CH4 fluxes one month before (February/March) the wet season peak. The second period of high emissions occurs during the beginning of the dry season (August). In the other three sites (ALF, RBA and TAB_TEF) located further downwind along the main air-stream, it were observed lower emissions, which represents approximately 20-33 % of what was observed in the northeast region and with a clear annual seasonality. Besides, we discuss how these data vary throughout the years and how it can be correlated to climate variables (temperature, precipitation and equivalent water thickness) and with human-driven influence (biomass burning), which both could be impacting this variability and annual seasonality.

  Palavras-Chave: methane; carbon monoxide; biomass; wetlands; amazon river; aircraft; troposphere; environmental impacts

  

• IPEN-DOC 27617

  GATTI, LUCIANA V.; BASSO, LUANA S.; DOMINGUES, LUCAS G.; CASSOL, HENRIQUE L.G.; TEJADA, GRACIELA; MILLER, JOHN B.; GLOOR, EMANUEL U.; ARAGÃO, LUIZ E.O.C.; NOBRE, CARLOS; PETERS, WOUTER; ANDERSON, LIANA O.; VON RANDOW, CELSO; ARAI, EGIDIO; MARANI, LUCIANO; SANCHEZ, ALBER; CORREA, SERGIO M.; CORREIA, CAIO S. de C. ; CRISPIM, STEPHANE P.; NEVES, RAIANE A.L.. Amazon plays an important climatic role and deforestation is promoting important changes and a consequent increase in the carbon balance. In: AGU FALL MEETING, December 1-17, 2020, Online. Abstract... Washington, DC, USA: American Geophysical Union, 2020.

  Abstract: We present a nine-year study designed to present both regional and temporal representation of Amazon Carbon Balance from 2010 to 2018 using 590 aircraft vertical profiles. Four locations were strategically chosen: the northeast (SAN), southeast (ALF), northwest (TAB_TEF), and southwest (RBA) regions. Each of these regions represents a different deforestation scenario, land-use change, and climate impact. For instance, 37% of the region of influence at SAN site has already deforested; it also has shown the greatest changes in precipitation and Carbon emission. The changes in precipitation (P) and temperature (T) are mainly in the dry season for all sites. At the ALF site, 28% deforested, showed the greatest changes in temperature, and the second-highest carbon emission. On the other hand, the western Amazon sites (RBA and TAB_TEF), accounted for an average of deforestation of 16%, presented near neutral carbon balance and lower changes in precipitation and temperature. The eastern Amazon (SAN + ALF) represented 22% of the Amazon area, presented 27% of deforestation and was the region where dry season presented more substantial changes in precipitation (reduced by 24-34%) and temperature (increased by 1.9-2.5 ˚C). As a consequence of these climatic and anthropic changes, the carbon flux emission at eastern Amazon was around ten times higher than at western Amazon (RBA + TAB_TEF). Eastern Amazon was a carbon source during the 9-year analysis, of which 89% of the carbon flux comes from biomass burning. In the western Amazon, the low deforestation (~11%) showed less changes in dry season P and T and carbon sink in the Net Biome Exchange (NBE C Flux: Total C Flux less Fire C Flux). If the whole Amazon had the western NBE C flux, it could be removed from the atmosphere 0.74 Gt CO2 y-1. Therefore, Amazon is becoming a carbon source mainly due the fire emissions, which represent two times the Amazon carbon sink, as a result of anthropic and climatic changes.

  Palavras-Chave: carbon; deforestation; environmental degradation; climatic change; carbon oxides; amazon river; environmental impacts

  

• IPEN-DOC 27608

  ZAHN, GUILHERME S. ; GENEZINI, FREDERICO A. ; MORALLES, MAURICIO ; SOUZA, FRANCISCO A. . Playing with neutrons: experimental facilities at the IEA-R1 reactor. In: REUNIÃO DE TRABALHO SOBRE FÍSICA NUCLEAR NO BRASIL, 43., 14-16 de dezembro, 2020, Online. Resumo... São Paulo, SP: Sociedade Brasileira de Física, 2020.

  Abstract: Due to their unique characteristics, neutrons are an excellent tool to probe materials, as well as to produce radionuclides for other uses. The IEA-R1, the largest nuclear research reactor in Brasil, located in IPEN-CNEN/SP, is a 5MW pool-type reactor from the mid-1950's that, despite its age, still provides important facilities for neutron irradiation and probing under high neutron uxes. These facilities can be divided in two groups: in-core irradiation positions with uxes ranging from 10(12) to 10(14)cm(-2).s(-1), where a sample is irradiated inside the reactor core for posterior analysis; and in-beam facilities, with 8 radial and 2 tangential tubes delivering collimated neutrons in the experimental hall with uxes up to 10(8)cm(-2).s(-1), where a sample is irradiated outide the core, under a considerably lower ux, but with the possibility of real-time analysis and of better radiation filtering and collimation. Different experiments can be performed using the IEA-R1 neutron sources, and this work intends to showcase these facilities, giving an insight regarding the specific properties or each, with their capabilities and some present applications, while also discussing some possible future applications.

  

• IPEN-DOC 27607

  SERRA FILHO, L.A.; BREGANT, M.; MUNHOZ, M.G.; SOUZA, F.A. ; MORALLES, M. . Position sensitive GEM-based neutron detector prototype. In: REUNIÃO DE TRABALHO SOBRE FÍSICA NUCLEAR NO BRASIL, 43., 14-16 de dezembro, 2020, Online. Resumo... São Paulo, SP: Sociedade Brasileira de Física, 2020.

  Abstract: In response to the 3He shortage [1], alternatives for thermal neutron detection are being pursued nowadays. Elements such as 157Gd, 10B and 6Li are commonly used to substitute 3He due to their high neutron capture cross section. In this work, we present our thermal neutron detector prototype, which makes use of 10B as converter. This detector works under Ar/CO2 (90/10) open flux and uses two gas electron multipliers (GEMs) [2] microstructures to multiply the charge signal. The neutrons are detected through the gas ionization generated by the products of the 10B(n; a)7Li reaction. The neutron capture takes place in the inside face of the aluminum cathode, which is coated with a 2:2 μm thick 10B4C layer (deposition kindly provided by the European Spallation Source (ESS) laboratories). Experimental measurements obtained in the IEA-R1 nuclear research reactor, at the Nuclear and Energy Research Institute (IPEN), shown that our prototype presents high stability, position sensitivity with spatial resolution better than 3mm and an efficiency of 2.97(25)%, allowing its application as beam profiler. Methods to increase the neutron detection efficiency will then be discussed.

  

• IPEN-DOC 27606

  SANTOS, R.F.; MUNHOZ, M.G.; MORALLES, M. . Performance and optimization simulations of a GEM-based neutron detector. In: REUNIÃO DE TRABALHO SOBRE FÍSICA NUCLEAR NO BRASIL, 43., 14-16 de dezembro, 2020, Online. Resumo... São Paulo, SP: Sociedade Brasileira de Física, 2020.

  Abstract: In this study, we are investigating the performance and optimization of a GEM-based detector to measure thermal neutrons from a nuclear reactor by means of computer simulation, using Geant4 and Garfield++. Due to the shortage of helium isotope, widely used in neutron gaseous detectors, alternatives need to be studied to continue producing this kind of detectors. The GEM detectors are a type of Micro-Pattern Gaseous Detectors (MPGD), widely used in particle tracking systems, as the Time Projection Chamber of the ALICE experiment in the LHC-CERN, and proposed for many other applications, including neutron detection. The detection of neutrons occurs through a nuclear reaction, where the products are energetic charged particles. In our application, we are using 10B as a neutron converter to induce the nuclear reaction 10B(n; )7Li. Monte Carlo simulations play an important step in the development and optimization of this kind of detectors. We are using a combination of simulation tools. At first, Geant4 is used to calculate the interaction between neutrons and the boron converter layer, as well as the transport of its products inside the converter. Then the interaction of the reaction products with the gas volume, leading to ionization or excitation of atoms, is done in Garfield++. This allows us to study the GEM in various conditions and with a detailed description of electron avalanche through the gas and its induced signals in order to achieve a tool to obtain optimized detector configurations for different applications, as beam monitors.

  

• IPEN-DOC 27605

  MEDINA, NILBERTO H.; GUAZZELLI, MARCILEI A.; AGUIAR, VITOR A.P.; LO PRESTI, DOMENICO; ADDED, NEMITALA; MACCHIONE, EDUARDO L.A.; OLIVEIRA, JOSE R.B.; MORALLES, MAURICIO ; SIQUEIRA, PAULO de T.D. ; ZAHN, GUILHERME ; GENEZINI, FREDERICO ; BONANNO, DANILO; GALLO, GIUSEPPE; RUSSO, SALVATORE; SGOUROS, ONOUFRIOS; MUOIO, ANNAMARIA; PANDOLA, LUCIANO; CAPPUZZELLO, FRANCESCO. Neutron radiation effects on the NUMEN electronic 'System On Module'. In: REUNIÃO DE TRABALHO SOBRE FÍSICA NUCLEAR NO BRASIL, 43., 14-16 de dezembro, 2020, Online. Resumo... São Paulo, SP: Sociedade Brasileira de Física, 2020.

  Abstract: The NUMEN (NUclear Matrix Elements for Neutrinoless double beta decay) project was recently proposed [1], with the aim to investigate the nuclear response to Double Charge Exchange (DCE) reactions for all the isotopes explored by present and future studies of 0νββ decay. The expected level of radiation in the NUMEN experiment imposes severe limitations on the average lifetime of the electronic devices. During the experiments it is expected that the electronic devices are exposed to about 105 neutrons/cm2/s according to FLUKA simulations. This work investigates the reliability of the System On Module (SOM) by National Instruments (NI) under neutron radiation [2]. The tests were performed using thermal, epithermal, and fast neutrons produced by the Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares (IPEN) 4.5 MW Nuclear Research Reactor. The results show the NI-SOM is robust to neutron radiation for the proposed applications in the NUMEN project.

  

• IPEN-DOC 27554

  KUCHAR, NIELSEN G. ; ZAMATARO, CLAUDIA B. ; ZANINI, NATHALIA ; RABELO, THAIS F. ; JUVINO, AMANDA C. ; SOGLIA, VICTOR; CASTRO, PEDRO A.A. ; ZEZELL, DENISE . Comportamento da hidroxiapatita do esmalte e da dentina frente à radiação ionizante in vivo e in vitro. In: CONGRESSO UNIVERSITÁRIO BRASILEIRO DE ODONTOLOGIA, 43., 18-20 de setembro, 2019, São Paulo, SP. Resumo expandido... 2019.

  

• IPEN-DOC 27551

  GATTI, LUCIANA V. ; DOMINGUES, LUCAS ; ARAGAO, LUIZ; MILLER, JOHN; BASSO, LUANA; MARANI, LUCIANO; TEJADA, GRACIELA; CASSOL, HENRIQUE; CORREIA, CAIO ; IPIA, ALBER; ANDERSON, LIANA; RANDOW, CELSO V.; GLOOR, MANUEL; PETERS, WOUTER; LOPES, RAIANE; SANTOS, RICARDO ; CRISPIM, STEPHANE. Variação Interanual do Balanço de Gases de Efeito Estufa na Bacia Amazônica e seus controles em um mundo sob aquecimento e mudanças climáticas. In: REUNIÃO ANUAL DO PROGRAMA FAPESP DE PESQUISA SOBRE MUDANÇAS CLIMÁTICAS GLOBAIS, 20-21 de fevereiro, 2019, São Paulo, SP. Poster... 2019.

  Abstract: Ao longo dos últimos 40-­‐50 anos a Amazônia vem sofrendo muitas alterações devido ao desmatamento, queima da biomassa, mudança do uso da terra, expansão urbana, malha viária, construção de hidrelétricas, exploração de mineração, petróleo e gás, etc. Esta alteração na Floresta Amazônica vem promovendo o aumento da temperatura nesta região acima do esperado e intensificação da estação seca. Estas alterações, além das alterações climáticas vem causando impacto no Balanço de Carbono da Bacia Amazônica.

  

• IPEN-DOC 27548

  YAMAGATA, CHIEKO ; MORAIS, VINICIUS R. ; MELLO-CASTANHO, SONIA R.H. . New sol-gel method for synthesis of Dy-doped yttrium disilicate phosphor not from TEOS but sodium silicate solution. In: PACIFIC RIM CONFERENCE OF CERAMIC SOCIETIES, 13th, October 27 - November 1, 2019, Okinawa, Japan. Abstract... 2019.

  Abstract: Yttrium disilicate/pyrosilicate (Y2Si2O7), which occurs naturally as yttrialite, is a mixture of rare earth silicates that displays interesting structural properties because of its high refractoriness (mp = 1775 °C) and stability in oxidizing environments. Yttrium disilicate offers a wide band gap and excellent thermal and chemical stability compared to other well-studied phosphors such as ZnS and CdS. It has been shown to be one of the most efficient host lattices for rare earth ions, which substitute Y3+ ions [1, 2]. Yttrium silicates doped with different metallic ions exhibit attractive luminescent properties for potential applications, such as plasma displays, laser materials and high-energy phosphors [3]. The synthesis methods frequently used to obtain Y2Si2O7 are the conventional solid-state reaction, sol-gel and hydrothermal process. The sol–gel process is based on the polycondensation of hydrolyzed alkoxides or colloidal dispersions, therefore non-substituted and substituted silicon alkoxides are used as source of Si, typically Si(OC2H5)4 (TEOS) or CH3–Si(OC2H5)3 (MTEOS). In the present work, a new method to synthesize Dy-doped yttrium disilicate (Dy0,05Y1,95Si2O7) phosphors is proposed using a combination of sol-gel and coprecipitation techniques. The gel of silica particles were obtained by surfactant-assisted sol-gel process [4], from sodium silicate solution, an unusual precursor of Si. Then yttrium and dysprosium were co-precipitated over these particles. Pure α-phase and β-phase of Y2Si2O7 were obtained after calcining the synthesized precursor at 1100°C and 1400°C respectively (Fig. 1). β-phase showed superior luminescence efficiency (Fig. 2).

  

• IPEN-DOC 27547

  YAMAGATA, CHIEKO ; LEME, DANIEL R. ; RODAS, ANDREA C.D.; HIGA, OLGA Z. ; MELLO-CASTANHO, SONIA R.H. . Use of sodium silicate waste solution as Si source to synthesize MgO-CaO-SiO2 system ceramic powder for biomedical application. In: PACIFIC RIM CONFERENCE OF CERAMIC SOCIETIES, 13th, October 27 - November 1, 2019, Okinawa, Japan. Abstract... 2019.

  Abstract: The superior biological and mechanical properties of the glass ceramic of MgO-CaO-SiO2 system [1], for fabricating bone scaffolds, have attracted considerable attention. Studies showed that glass-ceramic with the composition Wt% 7.68 MgO, 43.19 CaO and 49.13 SiO2 displays appropriate mechanical properties, good bioactivity and biocompatibility in vitro [2]. The aim of this research was to propose a novel method of synthesis of MgO-CaO-SiO2 system ceramic powder. Using a waste solution of sodium silicate derived from alkaline fusion process of zircon sand, as source of Si, MgO-CaO-SiO2 system ceramic powder was synthesized by sol-gel added to co-precipitate of Mg and Ca hydroxides. Present synthesized powder was compacted and sintered at 1300 °C for 2h to obtain CaO-MgO-SiO2 glass-ceramic that was characterized by SEM, XRD and FTIR. In vitro tests were performed by soaking the sintered samples in the simulate blood fluid (SBF, at pH 7.25 and 37 °C) to study its bioactivity. After 7 days soaking, FTIR spectra (Fig. 1) result showed the material is bioactive, confirmed by presence of infrared band at 1047 cm-1 attributed to PO43- and observation of hydroxyapatite coating on the surface of the sample (Fig. 2). Cytotocicity test according to ISO10993-5 and sample preparation according to ISO10993-12 revealed that the sample is considered non-cytotoxic and it can be eligible for further biological testes.

  

• IPEN-DOC 27537

  OSTERMANN, CAROLINE ; ZANNONI, NORA; CARVALHO, ELIAS F. de ; WILLIAMS, JONATHAN; VEGA, OSCAR . Exploratory study on chiral BVOC fluxes from tropical forests by REA method. In: ATTO WORKSHOP, 3rd, September 16-20, 2019, Manaus, AM. Poster... 2019.

  

• IPEN-DOC 27469

  RUSSO, DANIELA C.; AMARAL, KLEICY C. ; CALDAS, LHAIS A.; VIEIRA, DANIEL P. ; SARTORELLI, PATRICIA; RIBEIRO FILHO, WALDEMAR A.. Cytotoxic activity and chemical profile of methanolic extract obtained from Avelós stem (Euphorbia tirucalli L.) Euphorbiaceae / Atividade citotóxica e perfil químico do extrato metanólico obtido do caule de Avelós (Euphorbia tirucalli L.) Euphorbiaceae. In: REUNIÃO ANUAL VIRTUAL DA SBQ, 43., 5-16 de outubro, 2020, Virtual. Resumo... Campinas: Galoá, 2020.

  Abstract: Avelós (Euphorbia tirucalli Linnaeus), a plant selected for this study, has been popularly used in the fight against tumors, arousing the interest of researchers in this area so that it can be used safely in the auxiliary treatment of different types of cancer.1 It belongs to the family Euphorbiaceae and to the genus Euphorbia, it is also the object of studies related to the treatment of a range of infectious and inflammatory diseases. Herbaceous much used by popular and traditional medicine, presents, a latex rich in molecules that confirm its high toxicity. The objective of this research was to verify the chemical profile of the metanolic extract obtained from the stem (modified leaves) of the plant in question and to determine the cytotoxicity of the crude extract by cytotoxic assay against the lineages of adenocarcinoma (MCF-7) and neoplastic cells of human melanoma (SK-MEL-37).2 For this, the plant was collected, and after drying and milling the material was extracted with methanol. Subsequently, the present compounds were separated by the thin-layer chromatography technique and the classes of substances found in the extract were identified by the technique of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance of Hydrogen and Carbon-13 (NMR).3 The combination of cyclohexane with Acetone and Hexane (5: 3: 2) provided a suitable polarity for the elution of the extract, which was revealed with ultraviolet detection and different reagents: sulfuric acid solutions; aluminum chloride; ferric chloride; 10% potassium hydroxide in ethanol; green bromocresol indicator solution; potassium permanganate, Dragendorff Reagent, vanillin and iodine vapors. The phytochemical study of the methanolic extract of Euphorbia tirucalli allowed to identify the presence of phenolic compounds, flavonoids and terpenes, a result that was confirmed by NMR spectra. The cytotoxic potential assays, although they are in low concentration thus altering the result, show that the methanolic extract of Euphorbia tirucalli shows activity against the tested cell lines. The observed activity may be related, according to information available in the literature, with the classes identified in the samples studied.

  

• IPEN-DOC 27468

  RIBEIRO, MAISA M.; GATTI, LUCIANA V. ; BASSO, LUANA S.; FISCH, GILBERTO; DOMINGUES, LUCAS G. ; CORREIA, CAIO S.C. ; MARANI, LUCIANO; NEVES, RAIANE A.L.; CRISPIM, STEPHANE P.. Determinação da altura da camada limite planetária utilizando perfis verticais de temperatura potencial, umidade específica e de CO2 coletados na Amazônia. In: WORKSHOP BRASILEIRO DE MICROMETEOROLOGIA, 11., 20-22 de novembro, 2019, São José dos Campos, SP. Resumo... São José dos Campos, SP: INPE; DCTA, 2020.

  Abstract: Este estudo teve o objetivo de determinar a altura da camada limite planetária (Camada Limite Convectiva - CLC), utilizando os perfis verticais de temperatura potencial, umidade específica e gás carbônico, realizados entre 12 e 13 horas (horário local). As coletas são realizadas utilizando avião de pequeno porte no Projeto CARBAM, em 4 localidades da Amazônia: ALF (Alta Floresta – MT, 8,8S, 56,8O), RBA (Rio Branco – AC, 9,0S, 64,4O), SAN (Santarém – PA, 2,8S, 54,9O) e TEF (Tefé – AM, 3,4S, 65,6O). Estas alturas foram determinadas nas estações chuvosa e seca nas 4 localidades de estudo, no período de 2010 a 2017 (8 anos). O conjunto de dados obtidos foi em torno de 300 perfis verticais de temperatura potencial e umidade específica e de perfis de CO2. Observou-se uma CLC mais alta durante a estação seca e também nas localidades com maiores proporções de mudanças de uso da terra. Os locais que apresentaram uma maior quantidade de corpos d’água em superfície apresentaram as menores diferenças entre as alturas da CLC nas estações chuvosa e seca. Notou-se também que as localidades mais ao sul (ALF) apresentaram uma sazonalidade maior.

  

• IPEN-DOC 27451

  SANTANA, C.A.; AMARAL, M.M.; BAPTISTA, A.; RIBEIRO, M.S. ; FREITAS, A.Z. de ; NUNEZ, S.C.. Analysis of porcine skin after single or multiple injections with insulin needles through optical coherence tomography. In: BRAZILIAN CONGRESS IN BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING, 27th, October 26-30, 2020, Vitória, ES. Abstract... Rio de Janeiro, RJ: Sociedade Brasileira de Engenharia Biomédica, 2020. p. 81-82.

  

• IPEN-DOC 27450

  AMARAL, M.M.; DEL-VALLE, M.; RAELE, M.P. ; PRETTO, L.R. de ; ANA, P.A.. Assessment of osteoporosis through laser speckle imaging: an in vitro model. In: BRAZILIAN CONGRESS IN BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING, 27th, October 26-30, 2020, Vitória, ES. Abstract... Rio de Janeiro, RJ: Sociedade Brasileira de Engenharia Biomédica, 2020. p. 66-67.

  

• IPEN-DOC 27449

  TEJADA, GRACIELA; GATTI, LUCIANA ; BASSO, LUANA; MARANI, LUCIANO; CASSOL, HENRIQUE; ARAI, EGIDIO; ARAGAO, LUIZ; CRISPIM, STEPHANE; NEVES, RAIANE; DOMINGUES, LUCAS ; CORREIA, CAIO ; IPIA, ALBER; GLOOR, MANUEL; MILLER, JOHN; VON RANDOW, CELSO. Is it feasible to relate CO2 atmospheric measurements with land use and cover change data?: A primary assessment of land use and cover change datasets in the Amazon. In: EGU General Assembly, May 4-8, 2020, Online. Abstract... Göttingen, Germany: Copernicus, 2020.

  Abstract: Atmospheric CO2 concentrations have had a significant increase in recent years reaching levels never seen before. In the Amazon region, the main CO2 emissions come from land use and cover change (LUCC), especially for the deforestation of natural forests. It is very important to understand the impacts of climate change and deforestation on the Amazon forests to understand their role in the current carbon balance at different scales. The lower-troposphere greenhouse gas (GHG) monitoring program “CARBAM project”, has been collecting bimonthly GHGs vertical profiles in four sites of the Amazon since 2010, filling a very important gap in regional GHGs measurements. Here we compare different LUCC datasets for the Amazon region to see if there is a relation between annual LUCC and bimonthly CO2 aircraft measurements in the Amazon. We compared the annual (2010-2018) LUCC area from IBGE, PRODES and mapbiomas pan-amazon datasets for each mean influence area of the CARBAM sites and relate this LUCC areas with the annual CO2 fluxes. We found differences in the classification methods of the LUCC data, showing differences in the total deforested area. The LUCC data have different tendencies in each CARBAM influence area having more deforestation in the east side of the Amazon CARBAM sites. There is no clear trend between LUCC and carbon fluxes in the last 8 years. Inter-annual CO2 fluxes variability could be related with the several droughts that influence the photosynthesis/respiration. Here we highlight the scale issues regarding LUCC datasets, atmospheric CO2 measurements and CO2 modeling to better understand the current Amazon carbon balance.

  

• IPEN-DOC 27448

  BASSO, LUANA; GATTI, LUCIANA ; MARANI, LUCIANO; CASSOL, HENRIQUE; TEJADA, GRACIELA; DOMINGUES, LUCAS ; CORREIA, CAIO ; CRISPIM, STEPHANE; NEVES, RAIANE; IPIA, ALBER; ARAI, EGIDIO; ARAGAO, LUIZ; MILLER, JOHN; GLOOR, MANUEL. Amazon CH4 budget and its controls based on atmospheric data from vertical profiles measurements. In: EGU General Assembly, May 4-8, 2020, Online. Abstract... Göttingen, Germany: Copernicus, 2020.

  Abstract: Wetland emissions are considered the main natural global Methane (CH4) source, but it is budget remains highly uncertain. Tropical regions like the Amazon, host some of the largest wetlands/seasonally flooded areas on the globe. However, tropical regions are still poorly observed with large-scale integrating observations. Here we present the first atmospheric sampling of the lower troposphere over the Amazon using regular vertical profile greenhouse gas and carbon monoxide (CO) observations at four sites. Since 2010 we collected bimonthly CH4, to provide solid seasonal and annual CH4 budgets with large spatial resolution. Vertical profiles are sampled using light aircraft, high-precision greenhouse gas and CO analysis of flask air, fortnightly between 2010 to 2018. The results show a regional variation in CH4 emissions. There are comparably high emissions from the northeast part of the Amazon exhibiting strong variability, with particularly high CH4 fluxes in the beginning of the wet season (January to March). A second period of high emissions occurs during the dry season. The cause of the high emissions is unclear. In the other three sites located further downwind along the main air-stream are observed lower emissions, that represents approximately 25-30% of what is observed in the northeast region and with a clear annual seasonality. In addition, these data show an interannual variability in emissions magnitude, so we discuss how these data can be correlate to climate variables (like temperature and precipitation) and with human-driven changes (like biomass burning) that could be influencing this variability. Over the full period the Amazon (total area of around 7.2 million km2) was a source of CH4, of approximately 46 ± 6 Tg/year, which represent 8% of the global CH4 flux to the atmosphere. Using a CO/CH4 emission ratio calculated in this study we find a biomass burning contribution varying between 10 and 23% of the total flux at each site.

  

• IPEN-DOC 27350

  AGODI, C.; CAPPUZZELLO, F.; ACOSTA, L.; AMADOR-VALENZUELA, P.; AUERBACH, N.; BAREA, J.; SILVEIRA, M.A.G. da; BELLONE, J.; BELMONT, D.; BIJKER, R.; BONANNO, D.; BORELLO-LEWIN, T.; BOZTOSUN, I.; BRANCHINA, V.; BRASOLIN, S.; BRISCHETTO, G.; BRUNASSO, O.; BURRELLO, S.; CALABRESE, S.; CALABRETTA, L.; CALVO, D.; CAPIROSSI, V.; CARBONE, D.; CAVALLARO, M.; CHAVEZ LOMELI, E.R.; CHEN, R.; CIRALDO, I.; COLONNA, M.; D’AGOSTINO, G.; DE FARIA, P.N.; DE GERONIMO, G.; DEHSMUKH, N.; DELAUNAY, F.; DJAPO, H.; ESPEJEL, R.; FERRARESI, C.; FERREIRA, J.L.; FERRETTI, J.; FINOCCHIARO, P.; FIRAT, S.; FISICHELLA, M.; FLORES, A.; FOTI, A.; GALLO, G.; GARCIA-TECOCOATZI, H.; GONGORA, B.; HACISALIHOGLU, A.; HAZAR, S.; HUERTA, A.; IAZZI, F.; KOTILA, J.; KUCUK, Y.; LA VIA, F.; LANZALONE, G.; LAY, J.A.; LENSKE, H.; LINARES, R.; LO PRESTI, D.; LONGHITANO, F.; LUBIAN, J.; MA, J.; MARIN-LAMBARRI, D.; MARTINEZ, S.; MAS, J.; MEDINA, N.; MENDES, D.R.; MEREU, P.; MORALLES, M. ; OLIVEIRA, J.R.B.; ORDONEZ, C.; PAKOU, A.; PANDOLA, L.; PETRASCU, H.; PIETRALLA, N.; PINNA, F.; REITO, S.; REZA, G.; RIES, P.; RIFUGGIATO, D.; RODRIGUES, M.; RUSSO, G.; RUSSO, A.D.; SANDOVAL, S.; SANTOPINTO, E.; SANTOS, R.B.B.; SCALTRITO, L.; SGOUROS, O.; SOLAKCI, S.O.; SOUKERAS, V.; SOULIOTIS, G.; SPATAFORA, A.; TUDISCO, S.; VARGAS, H.; VEGA, G.; VEGA, G.; WANG, J.S.; WERNER, V.; YANG, Y.Y.; YILDRIN, A.; ZAGATTO, V.A.B.. New results from the NUMEN project. In: MARRONE, ANTONIO (Ed.); MIRIZZI, ALESSANDRO (Ed.); MONTANINO, DANIELE (Ed.) NEUTRINO OSCILLATION WORKSHOP, September 9-16, 2018, Ostuni, Brindisi, Italy. Resumo expandido... Trieste, Italy: Proceedings of Science, 2018. p. 1-5.

  Abstract: The idea of NUMEN project is to study heavy-ion induced Double Charge Exchange (DCE) reactions with the aim to get information on the nuclear matrix elements for neutrinoless double beta (0nbb) decay. To infer the neutrino average masses from the possible measurement of the halflife of 0nbb decay, the knowledge of the nuclear matrix elements is crucial. DCE reactions and 0nbb decay present some similarities, the initial and final-state wave functions are the same and the transition operators are similar. The experimental measurements of DCE reactions induced by heavy ions present a number of challenging aspects, since they are characterized by very low cross sections.

  

• IPEN-DOC 27349

  VAZ, ANTONIO C.A. ; BORGES, VINICIUS F.; GENEZINI, FREDERICO A. ; RODRIGUES, VALDEMIR G. ; SILVA, DAVILSON G. da . Human factors evaluation in operators with attention to insider threat detection. In: INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON NUCLEAR SECURITY, February 10-14, 2020, Vienna, Austria. Poster... 2020.

  Palavras-Chave: human factors; research reactors; control rooms; personnel; reactor operators; training; behavior; reactors

  

• IPEN-DOC 27345

  SARRA, G.; SCARDINI, I.L.; ZEZELL, D.M. ; MACHADO, E.L.M.; GAVINI, G.; CALDEIRA, C.L.; SANTOS, M.. Avaliação da superfície de intrumentos WaveOne e WaveOne Gold novos e após o uso. In: CONGRESSO INTERNACIONAL DA SBENDO, 11th, September 26-28, 2019, Fortaleza, CE. Poster... 2019.

  

• IPEN-DOC 27344

  ZEZELL, DENISE M. . Biophotonics and lasers shining light into diseases. In: ENCONTRO DE FÍSICOS DO NORTE E NORDESTE, 34., 3-5 de novembro, 2019, Maceió, AL. Resumo... 2019.

  Abstract: Light-tissue interaction became the basis of many sciences. The development of new diagnostic and therapeutic methods in Dentistry and Medicine based on Photonics, have been performed at the Center for Lasers and Applications, IPEN-CNEN/SP, Brazil in the last 27 years, in close cooperation with School of Dentistry and Faculty of Medicine of USP, UNIFESP, etc, as well as other Physics departments such as UFPE and FFCLRP- USP. The study of the spectroscopic properties of biological tissues can be used as a diagnostic tool for various diseases, as well as to determine their different stages. My group has been studying normal, precancerous and tumor tissues, such as thyroid, lung, skin, as well as hard dental tissues by FTIR. Results of studies that have become clinical methods, such as the prevention of dental caries or the diagnosis of various stages of dental enamel lesion, will be presented. Fluorescence spectroscopy was used to monitor carious lesions. The evaluation of optical coherence tomography (OCT) images obtained during the during the caries or erosion development process, or after the ionizing irradiation of bones, provide information on the optical attenuation coefficient, which is related to the lesion stage. The application of ultra-short high intensity laser (femtosecond laser) to ablate hard tissue, resin, ceramics, or burned skin is underway.

  

• IPEN-DOC 27343

  PIERETTI, EURICO F. ; NEVES, MAURICIO D.M. das ; ANTUNES, RENATO A.. Estudo da degradação de um biomaterial metálico tratado a laser. In: CONGRESSO BRASILEIRO DE BIOMECÂNICA, 18th; ENCONTRO LATINO AMERICANO DE BIOMECÂNICA, 2nd, May 1-4, 2019, Manaus, AM. Abstract... Manaus, AM: Maloka Publicidade, 2019. p. 212-212.

  Abstract: Biomateriais tratam, auxiliam ou substituem partes do corpo humano para que estas possam desempenhar as suas funções adequadamente. Estes devem apresentar composição química adequada e condição de superfície apropriada, de maneira que não sejam rejeitados durante o período em que estiverem inseridos no corpo. A seleção do biomaterial a ser utilizado deve levar em consideração as propriedades físicas, químicas e biomecânicas do biomaterial. As principais propriedades que devem ser levadas em conta são: rugosidade, resistência mecânica, módulo de elasticidade, flexão e torção, resistência à fadiga, resistência à corrosão. Os dispositivos médicos implantáveis sofrem degradação, o que pode causar hipersensibilidade ou a necessidade de uma nova cirurgia para remoção e substituição. O presente trabalho teve o objetivo de avaliar o efeito do tratamento superficial a laser na resistência à degradação de amostras de implantes ortopédicos produzidos em aço inoxidável austenítico ISO 5832-1, um dos mais utilizados no Brasil para a confecção de próteses e implantes. Foram realizados testes eletroquímicos, in vitro, em solução tamponada de fosfato, de pH 7,4 em temperatura corpórea de 37ºC, simulando um período superior a uma década de implantação. Os testes consistiram no monitoramento do potencial de corrosão em função do tempo de imersão, espectroscopia de impedância eletroquímica e polarização potenciodinâmica cíclica. Os resultados desta pesquisa permitiram concluir que a técnica de tratamento superficial a laser para biomateriais metálicos teve efeito deletério na resistência à corrosão localizada.

  

• IPEN-DOC 27342

  PIERETTI, EURICO F. ; NEVES, MAURICIO D.M. das ; ANTUNES, RENATO A.. Avaliação de biomaterial texturizado a laser para aplicações ortopédicas. In: CONGRESSO BRASILEIRO DE BIOMECÂNICA, 18th; ENCONTRO LATINO AMERICANO DE BIOMECÂNICA, 2nd, May 1-4, 2019, Manaus, AM. Abstract... Manaus, AM: Maloka Publicidade, 2019. p. 223-223.

  Abstract: A constante melhoria na qualidade de vida em diversos grupos de indivíduos com lesões graves se deve ao aprimoramento dos biomateriais. Avanços nas áreas de produção, desenvolvimento e caracterização de biomateriais para implantes e próteses incluem as recentes técnicas de soldagem, gravação, corte e texturização por feixe de lasers. Ensaios biomecânicos em biomateriais são importantes para se determinar níveis e limites de resistência dos mesmos. O presente trabalho avaliou a influência do processo de texturização a laser sobre o comportamento de resistência ao desgaste do aço inoxidável austenítico (SS) ISO 5832-1, mais utilizado no Brasil para a fabricação de implantes ortopédicos, no coeficiente de atrito e no volume de desgaste em testes tribológicos. A texturização aumenta a rugosidade da superfície proporcionando maior aderência entre o implante e o osso. O processo de texturização a laser foi realizado com um laser pulsado de fibra óptica, dopado com itérbio, de nanossegundos, em quatro diferentes frequências de pulso. Por razões de comparação, superfícies não tratadas também foram avaliadas. O acabamento superficial das amostras foi analisado por microscopia óptica e microscopia confocal, antes e após os ensaios. Os testes de desgaste foram realizados durante 10 min, utilizando-se como contra-corpo esferas sólidas de 52-100 aço cromado, com 2 mm de diâmetro, em equipamento tipo nanotribômetro calibrado. Os resultados indicaram que o comportamento tribológico foi influenciado pelos parâmetros do processo de texturização do laser utilizados para este biomaterial, sendo a taxa de desgaste dependente da força normal entre amostra e esfera. Palavras-chave: biomateriais, implantes, desgaste.Declaramos, para os devidos fins, que a pesquisa apresentada neste trabalho NÃO envolve “seres humanos, animais de laboratório ou animais silvestres, de forma direta ou indireta, em sua totalidade ou partes deles, incluindo o manejo de informações ou materiais”; tratando-se de pesquisa oriunda de ensaios biomecânicos em biomateriais metálicos, realizada com amostras “in vitro” de corpos-de-prova produzidos em liga de aço inoxidável para a confecção de implantes e próteses ortopédicas. Não sendo necessária a aprovação por comitês de ética em pesquisa com seres humanos ou com o uso de animais em experimentos.

  

• IPEN-DOC 27341

  ROMERO, FERNANDA C.; VICENTE, ROBERTO ; FARIAS, LUCIANA A.. Risk perception and social representation on radioactive waste: a case study with students of IPEN. In: ANNUAL WASTE MANAGEMENT CONFERENCE, 45th, March 3-7, 2019, Phoenix, Arizona, USA. Poster... 2019.

  

• IPEN-DOC 27340

  WATANABE, NAOMI ; SILVA, THALITA T.; MARUMO, JULIO T. ; ARAUJO, LEANDRO G. de . Disposal of a pretreated oil sludge by the cementation method. In: ANNUAL WASTE MANAGEMENT CONFERENCE, 45th, March 3-7, 2019, Phoenix, Arizona, USA. Poster... 2019.

  

• IPEN-DOC 27329

  NOGUEIRA, K.M. ; VARCA, J.O. ; LIMA, C.S.A. ; VARCA, G. ; LUGAO, A.B. ; FREITAS, L.F. . The effects gamma radiation dose on the swelling capacity of PVP/lignin hydrogels dressings for wound treatment. In: WORKSHOP DE BIOMATERIAIS, ENGENHARIA DE TECIDOS E ORGÃOS ARTIFICIAIS, 6th, October 29-31, 2019, São Paulo, SP. Abstract... 2019. p. 246-246.

  Abstract: Lignin is a carbon renewable source and has been widely explored in different areas in the last years, especially in the biomaterials field as dressings and other biomedical devices due its natural origin and low cost (1). Its chemical structure confers important properties to this macromolecule such as antioxidant capacity, UV protection and bactericidal activity (2,3). Polivinylpirrolidone (PVP) is a polymer widely applied for biomedical applications due to its relevant properties, such as the water absorption capacity, suitable mechanical properties for wound healing applications, and the capacity to originate hydrogels with different characteristics (4). Gamma radiation is a relevant option to produce biomedical devices, as the technology allows polymer crosslinking and sterilization in a single step (5). Two polymer solutions were prepared, PVP 10% (w, v) in distiled water (neutral pH) with poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (1.0% w/v) and lignin 6% (w, v) (pH > 13) and homogenized separately, until complete dissolution. The solutions were mixed in the follow ratios 95/5, 90/10 and 80/20, in which were added to a 2% (w, v) of agar and mixed at 70 ºC for 30 minutes. Samples were disposed in glass moulds and irradiated at 25, 50 and 100 kGy at dose rate of 5 kGy/h in a 60Co irradiator. Samples assessed by autoclave presented higher swelling than the PVP control, but lower gel fraction in comparison with the standard, except for formulation 90:10. Swelling and Gel Fraction were also evaluated by shaker at 37 ºC for 24 h. The results showed that the increase of dose decrease the swelling capacity and gel fraction decrease with the increase of lignin in the formulations. In general, the hydrogels irradiated at 25 and 50 kGy, except for formulation 80:20 at 25 kGy, presented good integrity and suitable results to be considered for the next steps of the study and are promising for biomedical application.

  

• IPEN-DOC 27328

  DE FREITAS, L.F. ; DA CRUZ, C.C.; VARCA, G. ; LUGAO, A.B. . The presence or absence of ethanol in radiolytic synthesis medium leads to different kinds of hybrid papain-gold nanoparticles. In: WORKSHOP DE BIOMATERIAIS, ENGENHARIA DE TECIDOS E ORGÃOS ARTIFICIAIS, 6th, October 29-31, 2019, São Paulo, SP. Abstract... 2019. p. 27-27.

  Abstract: Gold nanoparticles are widely used for a plethora of applications, however, the short and long term environmental impacts of those nanoparticles when they reach the soil, rivers, and sea have just recently been taken into consideration. Novel synthetic routes have been developed without the use of toxic reducing or capping agents so that the products are biocompatible and environment-friendly, in the so-called Green Nanotechnology. One of these methods is the radiolytic synthesis using gamma radiation, which does not require the use of any reducing agent. Different conditions in the synthesis medium can lead to different products, therefore the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the presence of ethanol on the nanoparticles generated via radiolysis using gamma radiation. The synthesis medium consisted on a mixture of NaAuCl4 (5 x 10-4 mol L-1), isopropanol (0.2 mol-1); and papain as a stabilizer and coating agent (1 mg mL-1), with or without the presence of 20% ethanol. The samples were irradiated with 10 kGy in a gamma multipurpose irradiator (60Co source) and stored at 4 ºC until use. Their hydrodynamic diameter and zeta potential was assessed with a Zetasizer Nano ZS90 device (Malvern Instruments UK), and images of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were taken in order to observe the real size and morphology of the nanoparticles in a 40,000X magnification. The presence of ethanol indeed leads to different kinds of nanoparticles. Their hydrodynamic diameter was 8.773 ± 2.3 nm (papain-AuNPs without ethanol) and 9.976 ± 2.9 nm (papain- AuNPs with 20% ethanol), and their zeta potentials were 34.4 ± 4,2 mV and 25.3 ± 3.58 mV, respectively. The TEM images revealed that when ethanol is absent, the nanoparticles formed consist on a gold core (approximately 5 nm in diameter) with papain coating. When ethanol is present, though, the nanoparticles consist on a papain core (approximately 10 nm) decorated with smaller gold nanoparticles. In conclusion, both protocols lead to stable nanoparticles with good control of size, especially in the absence of ethanol, but according to the desired applications, ethanol can be useful for the generation of nanoparticles with higher enzymatic activity from papain, i.e. proteolytic and permeation-enhancing activities.

  

• IPEN-DOC 27327

  BALOGH, T.S. ; KADLUBOWSKI, S.; BONTURIM, E. ; VARCA, G. ; LUGAO, A.B. . Synthesis and characterization of PVP nanogels prepared by gamma radiation using 60Co source. In: WORKSHOP DE BIOMATERIAIS, ENGENHARIA DE TECIDOS E ORGÃOS ARTIFICIAIS, 6th, October 29-31, 2019, São Paulo, SP. Abstract... 2019. p. 245-245.

  Abstract: Nanogels are promising and innovative systems in nanometer scale, with particle size range varying from 0 to 100 nm, of great potential in nanomedicine, pharmaceutics and bionanotechnology. They present several advantages such as capacity of injection into the circulation reaching target tissues and ability to deliver their payloads locally and intracellularly. Nanogels are defined as two-component system on nanometer scale consisting of a permanent three-dimensional network of linked polymer chains, and molecules of a solvent filling the pores of this network. They are formed by intramolecular crosslinking that can be achieved by the use of ionizing radiation, this method allows the formation of nanogels free of additives, rendering them non-toxic, a fundamental requirement for biomedical application. In this work, five samples of nanogels were developed using a 25 mM PVP solution. The samples were saturated with argon and prepared in multipurpose cobalt-60 gamma irradiator using doses of 1, 2, 5, 10 and 25 kGy at a dose rate of 10 kGy/hour corresponding, respectively, to samples A, B, C, D and E. These samples were morphologically characterized using atomic force microscopy (AFM) as well as the pristine PVP solution. The mean particle size of the samples as well as the determination of polydispersity index was performed in equipment Zetasizer Nano ZS - Malvern® and the determination of radius of gyration and molecular weight was realized in equipment Heleos - Wyatt®. The mean particle size of the samples A, B, C, D and E, were, respectively, 41.89, 46.85, 61.04, 62.79 and 62.11 nm and the mean particle size of the pristine PVP solution was 43.28 nm. The AFM results revealed the presence of spherical nanostructures in the samples prepared with dose equal to or more than 5 kGy (samples C, D and E). Under the conditions evaluated in the study the morphological characterization of the nanogels revealed that the doses of 5 kGy, 10 and 25 kGy are the most suitable doses for the nanogel formation as it led to spherical structures when compared to the other conditions assayed.

  

• IPEN-DOC 27326

  LIMA, C.S.A. ; VARCA, G. ; DE FREITAS, L.F. ; VARCA, J.O. ; LUGAO, A.B. . Natural polymer hydrogels with gold nanoparticles for bladder cancer chemotherapy delivery. In: WORKSHOP DE BIOMATERIAIS, ENGENHARIA DE TECIDOS E ORGÃOS ARTIFICIAIS, 6th, October 29-31, 2019, São Paulo, SP. Abstract... 2019. p. 127-127.

  Abstract: The treatment of bladder cancer is done by transurethral resection for tumor removal, followed by immune or chemotherapy intravesical, according to the stage of the disease. The main objective of this work was to develop and characterize strategies to increase the residence time and specificity of chemotherapy through the application of hydrogels for chemotherapy and /or immunotherapy administration. Natural polymers gellan gum and microcrystalline cellulose were chosen to prepare the hydrogels as they are already widely used in the biomedical area due to characteristics such as the absence of toxicity, high biocompatibility, and biodegradability. Papain-coated gold nanoparticles were added to the gels to promote chemo or immunotherapeutic permeation. Preliminary stability assays were carried out to evaluate the compatibility between the polymeric matrices and the gold nanoparticles. The systems were characterized by Scanning Electron Microscopy, and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy. The results allowed the identification of the polymer groups present in the formulations, as well as the evaluation of the interactions between the hydrogel network and the nanoparticles. The formulations were suitable for the proposed application.

  

• IPEN-DOC 27325

  BATISTA, J.G.S. ; LUGAO, A.B. ; DA CRUZ, C.C.; DE FREITAS, L.F. ; SANTOS, L.O.; RODRIGUES, A.S.. Nanotecnologia verde: síntese de nanopartículas de ouro utilizando extrato de Annona muricata L.. In: WORKSHOP DE BIOMATERIAIS, ENGENHARIA DE TECIDOS E ORGÃOS ARTIFICIAIS, 6th, October 29-31, 2019, São Paulo, SP. Abstract... 2019. p. 29-29.

  Abstract: O câncer está entre as doenças com maior índice de mortalidade, com mais de 100 tipos diferentes ocorrendo devido a mutações no material genético das células. É a terceira principal causa de morte em todo o mundo após doenças cardiovasculares e infecciosas. Além disso, percebe-se cada vez mais que muitas das doenças se devem ao “estresse oxidativo” que resulta de um desequilíbrio entre a formação e a neutralização de espécies oxidantes. O estresse oxidativo é iniciado pelos radicais livres, que buscam estabilidade através do pareamento de elétrons com macromoléculas biológicas, como proteínas, lipídios e DNA, em células humanas saudáveis e causam danos às proteínas e ao DNA, juntamente com a peroxidação lipídica. Essas mudanças contribuem para o câncer, aterosclerose, doenças cardiovasculares, envelhecimento e doenças inflamatórias. Todas as células são expostas ao estresse oxidativo e, portanto, a oxidação e os radicais livres desempenham um papel importante no desenvolvimento do câncer e na carcinogênese.Portanto, ainda estão sendo feitos esforços para procurar substâncias eficazes que ocorrem naturalmente e que possam impedir, desacelerar ou reverter o desenvolvimento do câncer. Plantas medicinais têm um lugar especial na gestão do câncer. Diversos estudos de pesquisa sobre o câncer foram realizados utilizando plantas medicinais tradicionais, em um esforço para descobrir novos agentes terapêuticos que não possuem efeitos secundários associados aos presentes agentes quimioterápicos. Estudos utilizando extrato de Annona muricata L., popularmente conhecida como araticum, demonstraram potencial ação anti-inflamatória e anticâncer, devido suas propriedades antioxidante e imunológica. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi sintetizar nanopartículas de ouro utilizando o extrato seco de Annona muricata L. e verificar suas propriedades físico-químicas, como tamanho, formato e estabilidade. E assim unir as propriedades do araticum com as das nanopartículas de ouro que possuem aplicações na terapia e diagnóstico de câncer. Os resultados obtidos, demonstram que é possível sintetizar nanopartículas de ouro com potencial aplicação na medicina utilizando o extrato de araticum. A caracterização foi realizada por meio das técnicas de espectrofotometria UV-Vis, espalhamento de luz dinâmico (DLS), microscopia eletrônica de transmissão (TEM). O estudo de estabilidade in vitro foi realizado misturando-se a solução de nanopartículas de ouro com NaCl, histidina, cisteína, BSA, pH 5, 7 e 9. As nanopartículas apresentaram tamanho médio de 15 nm por TEM e tamanho hidrodinâmico médio de 30 nm por DLS. No teste de estabilidade in vitro, as nanopartículas de ouro sintetizadas com o extrato seco de araticum apresentaram estabilidade em todos os meios testados por até 14 dias, não havendo diminuição na absorbância no comprimento de 525 nm, que é característico do dipolo gerado pela ressonância plasmônica de superfície em nanopartículas de ouro.

  

• IPEN-DOC 27324

  SILVA, C.A.J. ; BRAGUIN, L.N.M. ; VIVEIROS, B.G. ; BERBEL, L.O. ; ROSSI, J.L. ; COSTA, I. ; SAIKI, M. . Estudo do comportamento frente à corrosão da liga de magnésio AZ31 de uso em implantes temporários utilizando soluções simuladoras de fluidos corpóreos. In: WORKSHOP DE BIOMATERIAIS, ENGENHARIA DE TECIDOS E ORGÃOS ARTIFICIAIS, 6th, October 29-31, 2019, São Paulo, SP. Abstract... 2019. p. 158-158.

  Abstract: Atualmente, ligas de magnésio estão ganhando grande interesse para aplicações médicas devido a sua propriedade de degradação no corpo humano, principalmente para aplicações de interesse como stents cardiovasculares e próteses ortopédicas. Estes implantes temporários fornecem uma estabilidade mecânica necessária para o reparo e corroem completamente após o tempo de vida útil e fim do tratamento. Contudo, uma dificuldade na aplicação destes materiais na indústria de biomateriais é a corrosão antecipada e precoce à cura celular. Amostras da liga de magnésio AZ31 foram cortadas em lascas e a técnica escolhida para análise química elementar foi a Análise por Ativação com Nêutrons (NAA). Irradiações de curta e longa duração foram realizadas nas amostras juntamente com padrões sintéticos no reator IEA-R1 em um fluxo de nêutrons térmicos abaixo de 4,0x1012 n cm-2s-1. Concentrações dos elementos As, La, Mg, Mn, Na, Sb e Zn foram determinadas na liga AZ31, calculadas pelo método comparativo. Para os ensaios de corrosão, as amostras foram limpas com álcool etílico, acetona e água purificada MilliQ por agitação ultrassônica, e, em seguida foram lixadas com lixas de SiC com granulometria de #500, #800, #1200, #2000 e #4000. Testes de visualização em ágar-ágar e imersão foram realizados em solução de cloreto de sódio 0,90 % (massa), solução tampão de fosfato (PBS) e solução simuladora de fluidos corpóreos (SBF) utilizando fenolftaleína como indicador ácido-base. A observação das superfícies das amostras, antes e após exposição às soluções, foi realizada por microscopia óptica (MO) e microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV). A superfície também foi observada após remoção dos produtos de corrosão por desmutting e irradiação para análise quantitativa pela técnica NAA. Visualizações em gel ágarágar revelaram aumento do pH local proveniente da liberação de íons hidroxila da reação catódica e menor liberação de íons ocorreu em SBF em comparação às soluções de NaCl e PBS. As micrografias da superfície evidenciaram a formação instantânea de uma camada de produtos de corrosão após uma hora de ensaio e o desmutting revelou microcavidades caracterizadas por pites.

  

• IPEN-DOC 27323

  BRAGUIN, L.N.M. ; SILVA, C.A.J. ; BERBEL, L.O. ; COSTA, I. ; SAIKI, M. . Estudo da resistência à corrosão do aço inoxidável austenítico ISO 5832-1 utilizado como implante ortopédico. In: WORKSHOP DE BIOMATERIAIS, ENGENHARIA DE TECIDOS E ORGÃOS ARTIFICIAIS, 6th, October 29-31, 2019, São Paulo, SP. Abstract... 2019. p. 156-156.

  Abstract: O aço inoxidável austenítico ISO 5832-1 utilizado como biomaterial é muito aplicado na área de ortopedia, especialmente na fabricação de implantes, como substituição temporária ou permanente de estruturas ósseas. Este aço apresenta biocompatibilidade, alta resistência mecânica, resistência à corrosão e baixo custo quando comparado a outros biomateriais, como ligas de titânio e de Cr-Co. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a resistência à corrosão localizada do aço inoxidável ISO 5832-1 utilizado em implantes ortopédicos por ensaios eletroquímicos em duas soluções diferentes. Este estudo é de grande interesse para avaliar a corrosão dos implantes metálicos que podem prejudicar a estrutura do biomaterial e liberar produtos de corrosão nos fluidos corpóreos causando possíveis reações biológicas adversas. A determinação dos elementos químicos da composição do aço inoxidável austenítico ISO 5832- 1 foi realizada por análise por ativação com nêutrons (NAA). Para estas análises foram obtidas lascas deste material. Cerca de 50 mg de amostra foram pesadas em envelopes de polietileno e irradiados junto com padrões sintéticos de elementos. Irradiações de curta e longa duração foram realizadas no reator nuclear de pesquisa, IEA-R1, utilizando um fluxo de neutrons térmicos de cerca de 4,5 x 10^12 n cm^-2 s^-1. Para os ensaios eletroquímicos, as amostras de liga foram lixadas com lixas de SiC de granulometria #320, #500, #1200, #2000 e #4000 e polidas com pasta de diamante de 1μm. As medidas de potencial de circuito aberto e polarização potenciodinâmica catódica e anódica foram realizadas em solução de 0,90 % (massa) de NaCl e de solução simuladora de fluido corpóreo (SBF). A alta resistência à corrosão deste aço foi atribuída à formação de filme de óxido passivo que reduz a taxa de corrosão, dificultando o transporte de íons metálicos e de elétrons, que provocam a possível liberação de íons tóxicos para o corpo humano.

  

• IPEN-DOC 27322

  ALCANTARA, M.T.S. ; OLIVEIRA, M.J.A. ; LIERMANN, G.M. ; LUGAO, A.B. . Efeito do CMC no intumescimento de curativos de hidrogel à base de PVP com nanoprata. In: WORKSHOP DE BIOMATERIAIS, ENGENHARIA DE TECIDOS E ORGÃOS ARTIFICIAIS, 6th, October 29-31, 2019, São Paulo, SP. Abstract... 2019. p. 48-48.

  Abstract: Hidrogéis de PVP são redes poliméricas tridimensionais, hidrofílicas, que apresentam propriedades de intumescimento e biocompatibilidade o que favorece seu uso como curativos. Por propiciar umidade no leito da ferida mantém o ambiente ideal para cicatrização, além de não aderir a ela. Por outro lado as nanopartículas de prata apresentam propriedades antimicrobianas e antiinflamatórias e o uso de radiação ionizante permite a reticulação e esterilização simultânea do curativo. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito do CMC no intumescimento de curativos de hidrogel com 22 e 80 ppm de nanopartículas de prata, reticulado por radiação ionizante, assim como avaliar a resistência mecânica dos curativos estudados. Os curativos foram avaliadas a partir de ensaios de fração gel, intumescimento e resistência mecânica. Os resultados indicaram um aumento importante no intumescimento do curativo com a adição de CMC, principalmente para o curativo com maior concentração de nanoprata, porém um menor grau de reticulação e consequentemente redução da sua resistência mecânica.

  

• IPEN-DOC 27320

  CAVALCANTE, A.K. ; BATISTA, J.G.S. ; MAZIERO, J.S. ; ROGERO, S. ; ROGERO, J.R. ; VIVEIROS, W.; KATTI, K.; LUGAO, A.B. ; ALAVARSE, R.D.. Avaliação da toxicidade in vitro e in vivo das nanopartículas de ouro reduzidas e estabilizadas com mangiferina e resveratrol. In: WORKSHOP DE BIOMATERIAIS, ENGENHARIA DE TECIDOS E ORGÃOS ARTIFICIAIS, 6th, October 29-31, 2019, São Paulo, SP. Abstract... 2019. p. 35-35.

  Abstract: As nanopartículas de ouro (AuNPs) com diferentes tamanhos e formas têm sido amplamente estudadas em todo o mundo. A síntese de AuNPs geralmente envolve agentes de redução e solventes que apresentam problemas relacionados à toxicidade. A fim de resolver esta questão, metabólitos presentes em diversos extratos de plantas tem sido explorados para a preparação de diferentes nanopartículas. Pesquisadores mostraram que alguns fitoquímicos, como a mangiferina (MGF) e resveratrol (RESV), além de reduzirem e estabilizarem as AuNPs, são capazes de funcionalizá-las. O aumento na produção e utilização das nanopartículas tem provocado grande preocupação quanto aos impactos e riscos potenciais que estas podem causar ao meio ambiente e à saúde humana. Desta forma, o estudo teve como objetivo avaliar o nível de toxicidade das AuNPs, reduzidas e estabilizadas com MGF e RESV in vitro e in vivo, comparando-as com o método clássico de síntese de AuNPs, descrito por Turkvich, no qual o citrato de sódio é o agente redutor e estabilizante (CITR-AuNPs). Foi realizado o ensaio de citotoxicidade de acordo com a International Standard Organization (ISO 10993-5, 2009) e o ensaio de toxicidade aguda em embriões de Zebrafish (FET TEST), de acordo com o protocolo da OECD nº 236. Zebrafish é um importante modelo animal utilizado nas áreas de biologia do desenvolvimento, genética e biomedicina e é utilizado em ensaios ecotoxicológicos. Como o zebrafish apresenta 70% de similaridade genética com humanos, assim como similaridades fisiológicas e anatômicas, este modelo pode ser usado para prever efeitos de toxicidade em humanos. Além de alta taxa reprodutiva e rápido desenvolvimento embrionário, a espécie apresenta grande sensibilidade quando exposta a produtos químicos, sendo capaz de absorver rapidamente os compostos que são diretamente adicionados à água e acumulá-los em vários tecidos. O organismo é de fácil obtenção, gerenciamento e de baixo custo. Tanto as nanopartículas reduzidas e estabilizadas com MGF e RESV, quanto os redutores, não apresentaram citotoxicidade, porém as CITR-AuNPs apresentaram IC50 de 180 μg.mL-1. Em relação ao FET TEST, a taxa de letalidade dos organismos expostos a MGF e MGF-AuNPs, ambas na concentração de 350 μg.mL-1, foi de 12% e 5% respectivamente. Já a taxa de letalidade dos organismos expostos ao RESV na concentração de 165 μg.mL-1, foi de 17.5%. A CL50 obtida das RESV-AuNPs foi de 14.55 μg.mL-1, nas concentrações de 82.5 e 165 μg.mL- 1, observou-se atraso estatísticamente significativo da eclosão dos organismos, no período de 72 horas pós fecundação. A taxa de letalidade dos organismos expostos ao citrato de sódio e CITR-AuNPs, ambas na concentração de 250 μg.mL-1, foi de 3.75% e 16.25% respectivamente. Não foram encontrados valores de CL50 nas concentrações testadas das nanopartículas, exceto RESV-AuNPS. Nanopartículas com maiores concentrações do que as testadas não apresentam estabilidade, tendendo a aglomeração e precipitação.

  

• IPEN-DOC 27318

  FOLHADELLA, KELLY C.F.; SILVA, IVES C. da; FREITAS, ANDERSON Z. de ; YOSHIMURA, TANIA M. ; RIBEIRO, MARTHA S. ; MONTALLI, VICTOR; GARCEZ, AGUINALDO S.; NUNEZ, SILVIA C.. Estudo dose-resposta da atuação do laser de baixa potência sobre processo inflamatório induzido por carragenina em Zebrafish. In: BAPTISTA, ALESSANDRA (Ed.); NUNEZ, SILVIA C. (Org.); BAPTISTA, ALESSANDRA (Org.); GARCEZ, AGUINALDO (Org.); SILVA, JULIANA P. (Org.); SILVA, CAMILA R. (Org.); CABRAL, FERNANDA V. (Org.); YOSHIMURA, TANIA M. (Org.); RIBEIRO, MARTHA S. (Org.) FÓRUM ON-LINE DE TECNOLOGIAS DA LUZ NA SAÚDE, 1st, May 28-30, 2020, São Paulo, SP. Abstract... São Paulo, SP: Universidade Brasil, 2020. p. 65-65.

  Abstract: INTRODUÇÃO. A Fotobiomodulação (FBM) é uma modalidade terapêutica que apresenta ampla gama de aplicações clínicas e seus mecanismos de atuação na inflamação ainda são objeto de investigação em diferentes tipos de modelos experimentais. O zebrafish é um modelo animal amplamente utilizado pela indústria farmacêutica para investigação da resposta inflamatória frente a diferentes fármacos. OBJETIVO: O objetivo deste estudo é estabelecer um modelo de estudo da FBM em zebrafish após indução de processo inflamatório. METODOLOGIA: Após aprovação pelo comite de ética (CEUA 336/2017) os animais foram divididos em grupos a saber G1 sem intervenção, G2 Injeção de solução salina na cavidade celomática, G3 injeção de 3,5% de solução de carragenina na cavidade celomática, G4, G5 e G6 injeção de 3,5% de solução de carragenina na cavidade celomática e irradiação com laser de λ=660nm, com 100mW entregando 3J, 4J e 20J de energia respectivamente. Imagens de tomografia por coerência óptica (OCT) e histologia foram realizados em diferentes momentos para avaliação dos efeitos. RESULTADOS: Os resultados observados por OCT apresentam evolução do quadro inflamatório após irradiação, confrontando os dados da OCT com os achados histológicos a energia de 20J apresentou o melhor resultado na resolução do edema e da resposta inflamatória promovida pela carragenina. CONCLUSÃO: O zebrafish pode ser um novo modelo de estudo para investigação dos efeitos da FBM e devido a suas características a adequação das dosimetrias para este modelo animal merecem mais investigação.

  Palavras-Chave: lasers; fishes; inflammation; modulation; irradiation; tomography; optical systems; coherent radiation

  

• IPEN-DOC 27317

  SAUTER, ISMAEL P. ; YOSHIMURA, TANIA M. ; KLINGBEIL, MARIA F.G. ; MATHOR, MONICA B. ; RIBEIRO, MARTHA S. . Efeitos da luz sobre a proliferação e diferenciação de células mesenquimais em tenócitos. In: BAPTISTA, ALESSANDRA (Ed.); NUNEZ, SILVIA C. (Org.); BAPTISTA, ALESSANDRA (Org.); GARCEZ, AGUINALDO (Org.); SILVA, JULIANA P. (Org.); SILVA, CAMILA R. (Org.); CABRAL, FERNANDA V. (Org.); YOSHIMURA, TANIA M. (Org.); RIBEIRO, MARTHA S. (Org.) FÓRUM ON-LINE DE TECNOLOGIAS DA LUZ NA SAÚDE, 1st, May 28-30, 2020, São Paulo, SP. Abstract... São Paulo, SP: Universidade Brasil, 2020. p. 52-52.

  Abstract: INTRODUÇÃO. Os avanços na área de tecnologias baseadas em luz vêm contribuindo fortemente para o desenvolvimento da medicina regenerativa. Assim, a aplicação da luz de baixa irradiância (LBI) em diferentes regimes de irradiação poderia estimular a proliferação e acelerar a diferenciação de células-tronco mesenquimais (CTMs) em tenócitos, que poderiam ser utilizados na construção de um tendão artificial para reparação de lesões tendíneas. OBJETIVO: Avaliar os efeitos de diferentes comprimentos de onda na proliferação e diferenciação de células mesenquimais em tenócitos. METODOLOGIA: A confirmação da pluripotência das células foi realizada através de citometria de fluxo. Células-tronco humanas derivadas de tecido adiposo (Parecer CEP: 3.596.852) foram isoladas e colocadas em meio de cultura contendo ou não fatores de diferenciação para tenócitos. As células foram irradiadas a cada 48 h, durante 9 dias, com diferentes diodos emissores de luz (LEDs): azul (λ=450 ± 10 nm), verde (λ=520 ± 10 nm) e vermelha (λ=660 ± 10 nm), com irradiância de 23,3 mW/cm2 durante 17 min e 10 s, entregando uma densidade de energia de 24 J/cm2 por sessão. O grupo controle não recebeu tratamento. Após o quinto e o nono dia, foi verificada a proliferação celular por cristal violeta e ensaio de MTT, bem como a diferenciação em tenócitos por microscopia de fluorescência. RESULTADOS: Observou-se um aumento na proliferação celular quando usado o LED de emissão vermelha. Os LEDs de emissão azul e verde mostraram viabilidade celular semelhante ou abaixo do grupo controle. Por outro lado, embora todos os comprimentos de onda tenham promovido marcação positiva para colágeno Tipo I e colágeno tipo III, o LED de emissão vermelha apresentou maior densidade celular. CONCLUSÃO: Nossos resultados indicam que o LED de emissão vermelha, nas condições deste estudo, é capaz de aumentar a proliferação celular e contribuir para melhor diferenciação de CTMs em tenócitos.

  

• IPEN-DOC 27316

  PEREIRA, SAULO T. ; SILVA, CAMILA R. ; BERNARDES, EMERSON S. ; NASCIMENTO, SOFIA ; RIBEIRO, MARTHA S. . Efeitos da fotobiomodulação em células de tumor de mama murino após única exposição. In: BAPTISTA, ALESSANDRA (Ed.); NUNEZ, SILVIA C. (Org.); BAPTISTA, ALESSANDRA (Org.); GARCEZ, AGUINALDO (Org.); SILVA, JULIANA P. (Org.); SILVA, CAMILA R. (Org.); CABRAL, FERNANDA V. (Org.); YOSHIMURA, TANIA M. (Org.); RIBEIRO, MARTHA S. (Org.) FÓRUM ON-LINE DE TECNOLOGIAS DA LUZ NA SAÚDE, 1st, May 28-30, 2020, São Paulo, SP. Abstract... São Paulo, SP: Universidade Brasil, 2020. p. 48-48.

  Abstract: INTRODUÇÃO: O câncer é um problema de saúde pública mundial, sendo considerado a segunda maior causa de morte no mundo. Tumores sólidos possuem como particularidade um ambiente em hipóxia, que está associada à invasão tecidual, formação de metástases e resistência a terapias. A fotobiomodulação (FBM), por outro lado, vem sendo utilizada nas áreas da saúde como uma abordagem não invasiva e custo-efetiva para doenças de etiologias variadas. No entanto, seus efeitos em células tumorais são controversos. OBJETIVO: Avaliar o efeito de uma única exposição de FBM em três diferentes densidades de energia na atividade mitocondrial e viabilidade celular de células de tumor de mama em condições de hipóxia e normóxia. METODOLOGIA: Células de tumor de mama murino (4T1) foram semeadas em placas de 96 poços na concentração de 1 x 104 e mantidas em incubadora overnight. Após adesão, as células foram incubadas em condições de hipóxia (1% de oxigênio) ou normóxia (condições normais de oxigênio), a 37ºC e 5% de CO2. Para a FBM, foi utilizado um LED (660 ± 20 nm) com irradiância de 40 mW/cm². As placas foram divididas em grupos: G0 (não recebeu energia), G4 (4 J/cm2), G12 (12 J/cm2) e G20 (20 J/cm2). A atividade mitocondrial foi avaliada pelo método MTT e a viabilidade celular, pelo vermelho neutro. RESULTADOS: Células irradiadas com 20 J/cm² apresentaram significativa redução na viabilidade celular em condições de normóxia. Em condições de hipóxia, não foram observadas diferenças estatísticas significantes entre os grupos. Todos os grupos mostraram atividade mitocondrial similar em condições de normóxia e hipóxia. CONCLUSÃO: Nossos resultados indicam que a maior densidade de energia promoveu redução da viabilidade de células de tumor de mama após única exposição de FBM.

  

• IPEN-DOC 27315

  NOVAES, GABRIEL A.; BLANK, MARCEL H.; SOUSA, RAPHAELLA G.B.; LEITE, ROBERTA F.; LOSANO, JOÃO D.A.; RIBEIRO, MARTHA S. ; PEREIRA, RICARDO J.G.. Efeitos da terapia fotodinâmica nos espermatozoides de galos domésticos. In: BAPTISTA, ALESSANDRA (Ed.); NUNEZ, SILVIA C. (Org.); BAPTISTA, ALESSANDRA (Org.); GARCEZ, AGUINALDO (Org.); SILVA, JULIANA P. (Org.); SILVA, CAMILA R. (Org.); CABRAL, FERNANDA V. (Org.); YOSHIMURA, TANIA M. (Org.); RIBEIRO, MARTHA S. (Org.) FÓRUM ON-LINE DE TECNOLOGIAS DA LUZ NA SAÚDE, 1st, May 28-30, 2020, São Paulo, SP. Abstract... São Paulo, SP: Universidade Brasil, 2020. p. 54-54.

  Abstract: INTRODUÇÃO: A avicultura brasileira destaca-se no cenário mundial, uma vez que o Brasil é o segundo maior produtor e o maior exportador de carne de frango. Portanto, biotecnologias que otimizem este tipo de criação são extremamente relevantes, destacando-se a inseminação artificial. Todavia, em virtude da cloaca ser uma via comum ao ejaculado e às excretas, altos graus de contaminação são frequentemente observados no sêmen de aves. Para contornar esta situação muitos diluidores de sêmen para aves possuem antibióticos, uma prática que vem sendo abolida da produção animal. Uma alternativa à antibioticoterapia utilizada em diversos âmbitos da saúde é a terapia fotodinâmica (PDT), uma vez que atua em diferentes microrganismos (bactérias, fungos, protozoários...), inclusive nos multirresistentes. Todavia, esta é uma técnica pouco explorada na reprodução, provavelmente pelo espermatozoide ser uma célula sensível ao estresse oxidativo. OBJETIVO: avaliar os impactos da PDT nos principais parâmetros de qualidade espermática de galos domésticos (CEUA n° 3579040418). Para isso, primeiramente estudou-se os efeitos de diferentes concentrações de Azul de Metileno (AM - 5 a 150 μM) na motilidade e na progressividade dos espermatozoides. RESULTADOS: Os resultados demonstraram que, tanto concentrações baixas quanto elevadas, não inviabilizam a motilidade dos espermatozoides, em contrapartida concentrações superiores a 25 uM mostraram-se extremamente prejudiciais à progressividade. Visto isso, decidiuse dar início às irradiações utilizando uma concentração intermediária de 10 uM. As amostras seminais foram irradiadas através do equipamento Led Box 660 ŋm por 30, 60, 120 e 180s nas irradiâncias de 44.3, 28.98 e 17.35 mW/cm². CONCLUSÃO: A partir dos resultados observou-se que, independente do tempo e da irradiância, os parâmetros espermáticos mais impactados pela PDT são a motilidade e a progressividade, enquanto a integridade da membrana e do acrossoma e a atividade mitocondrial, apesar de mais baixas que a do grupo controle, mantiveram-se em valores aceitáveis.

  

• IPEN-DOC 27314

  SILVA, MATEUS R.; CASTRO, PEDRO A.A. ; SILVA, TANIA M.; ZEZELL, DENISE M. ; DAMIAO, ALVARO J.; CANEPPELE, TACIANA M.F.; GONÇALVES, SERGIO E.P.. Avaliação da redução da desmineralização do esmalte submetido à irradiação com Nd:YAG laser, associada ou não a fotoabsorvedor. In: BAPTISTA, ALESSANDRA (Ed.); NUNEZ, SILVIA C. (Org.); BAPTISTA, ALESSANDRA (Org.); GARCEZ, AGUINALDO (Org.); SILVA, JULIANA P. (Org.); SILVA, CAMILA R. (Org.); CABRAL, FERNANDA V. (Org.); YOSHIMURA, TANIA M. (Org.); RIBEIRO, MARTHA S. (Org.) FÓRUM ON-LINE DE TECNOLOGIAS DA LUZ NA SAÚDE, 1st, May 28-30, 2020, São Paulo, SP. Abstract... São Paulo, SP: Universidade Brasil, 2020. p. 20-20.

  Abstract: INTRODUÇÃO: A prevalência de lesões de mancha branca varia entre 50% e 97% em pacientes ortodônticos. Abordagens terapêuticas, voltadas à prevenção dessas lesões, como a irradiação do esmalte com Nd:YAG laser, são de extrema importância para a prática clínica atual pois independem da colaboração do paciente. OBJETIVO: Avaliar parâmetros do Nd:YAG laser, associados ou não a fotoabsorvedor (FA), na redução da desmineralização em esmalte. METODOLOGIA: Foram obtidos 80 espécimes de esmalte bovino (6 mm de diâmetro e 2 mm de altura), que tiveram a metade de suas superfícies protegidas como controle. Realizaram-se leituras iniciais de Microdureza (KHN) e FTIR, e 8 grupos (n=10) foram obtidos de acordo com os tratamentos: G1 (controle -): sem tratamento; G2 (controle +): flúor; G3 (Nd:YAG 60 mJ / pulso, 10Hz, 48 J / cm2, não contato (NC)); G4 (FA + Nd:YAG 60 mJ); G5 (Nd:YAG 80 mJ / pulso, 10Hz, 64 J / cm2, NC); G6 (FA + Nd:YAG 80 mJ); G7 (Nd:YAG 100 mJ/pulso, 10Hz, 80 J/cm2, NC); G8 (FA + Nd:YAG 100 mJ). Foi realizado ciclo de des-remineralização; seguido de leituras de interferômetria (INT), KHN e FTIR. RESULTADOS: Os dados de KHN foram submetidos a ANOVA 2 fatores (laser e FA); Tukey e Dunnett 5%. Houve menor perda de KHN nos grupos com FA comparados aos grupos sem FA e em G8 comparado aos demais grupos experimentais. Os dados do FTIR foram submetidos ao t-Student 5%. Comparadas com G2 foram encontradas maiores concentrações de carbonato em G4, G6 e G8; de fosfato em G8; menor concentração de Amida I em G8 e maior relação carbonato/fosfato em G4 e G6. Os dados de INT foram submetidos à RM-ANOVA três fatores 5%. CONCLUSÃO: O FA reduziu a desmineralização; o Nd:YAG laser 100mJ com FA foi tão eficaz quanto flúor na redução da desmineralização.

  

• IPEN-DOC 27313

  JUNIOR, CLAUDIO M.; ZAMATARO, CLAUDIA B. ; CARVALHO, VICTORIA G.; SILVA, MATEUS R.; ZEZELL, DENISE M. ; SCAPIN, MARCOS A. ; GONÇALVES, SERGIO E.P.. Avaliação in vitro do teor de cálcio e fósforo em dentina humana submetida a radiação ionizante in vivo. In: BAPTISTA, ALESSANDRA (Ed.); NUNEZ, SILVIA C. (Org.); BAPTISTA, ALESSANDRA (Org.); GARCEZ, AGUINALDO (Org.); SILVA, JULIANA P. (Org.); SILVA, CAMILA R. (Org.); CABRAL, FERNANDA V. (Org.); YOSHIMURA, TANIA M. (Org.); RIBEIRO, MARTHA S. (Org.) FÓRUM ON-LINE DE TECNOLOGIAS DA LUZ NA SAÚDE, 1st, May 28-30, 2020, São Paulo, SP. Abstract... São Paulo, SP: Universidade Brasil, 2020. p. 33-33.

  Abstract: INTRODUÇÃO: Câncer de cabeça e pescoço é um problema de saúde pública. A radioterapia é uma opção de tratamento, capaz de promover maior preservação de tecidos e estruturas adjacentes. Entretanto, comorbidades ocorrem, causando alterações em tecidos da cavidade oral. O entendimento da etiologia das cáries de radiação ainda é um tema complexo no atendimento destes pacientes. OBJETIVO: Realizar a validação de uma metodologia de análise quantitativa in vitro de Fósforo (P) e Cálcio (Ca) na dentina humana submetida a radioterapia. METODOLOGIA: Após aprovação do Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa (parecer 3.842.547) foram utilizados 12 dentes extraídos oriundos de pacientes submetidos a radioterapia (~0,07 kGy) por câncer de cabeça e pescoço. As amostras de dentina foram preparadas e analisadas por meio de Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura com Energia Dispersiva de Raios X (MEV/EDS). RESULTADOS: A metodologia proposta teve seus resultados comparados aos resultados obtidos pela espectroscopia de Fluorescência de Raios X e validada em termos de precisão e exatidão por meio de testes estatísticos sugeridos pelo documento DOQ-CGCRE-008 do INMETRO e teste Z-score. A precisão, em termos do desvio padrão relativo (RSD%) acessado de P e Ca, foi de 2,6 e 3,2%, respectivamente. A aceitabilidade calculada pelo teste de HORRAT (𝐻𝑂𝑅) mostrou que ambos valores são ≤ 2 (1,3 e 1,6 para P e CA, respectivamente), indicando que a precisão é satisfatória. A exatidão acessada de P e Ca, em termos de erro relativo (ER%), foi de 2,6 e 1,8%, respectivamente. A aceitabilidade, calculada pelo teste Z-score (score-score), apresentou valores entre 1,0 e 0,5 para P e CA, respectivamente, com a exatidão também considerada satisfatória. CONCLUSÃO: Conclui-se ser possível quantificar in vitro o Fósforo e o Cálcio na dentina humana por MEV/EDS, com parâmetros de precisão e exatidão satisfatórias para a técnica.

  

• IPEN-DOC 27312

  DONATO, MARESSA ; SAUTER, ISMAEL P. ; CASADEI, BRUNA R.; ITRI, ROSANGELA; RIBEIRO, MARTHA S. . Ação do azul de metileno associado à luz de emissão vermelha em membrana reconstituída a partir de isolados de membrana de Leishmania amazonensis. In: BAPTISTA, ALESSANDRA (Ed.); NUNEZ, SILVIA C. (Org.); BAPTISTA, ALESSANDRA (Org.); GARCEZ, AGUINALDO (Org.); SILVA, JULIANA P. (Org.); SILVA, CAMILA R. (Org.); CABRAL, FERNANDA V. (Org.); YOSHIMURA, TANIA M. (Org.); RIBEIRO, MARTHA S. (Org.) FÓRUM ON-LINE DE TECNOLOGIAS DA LUZ NA SAÚDE, 1st, May 28-30, 2020, São Paulo, SP. Abstract... São Paulo, SP: Universidade Brasil, 2020. p. 12-12.

  Abstract: INTRODUÇÃO: A leishmaniose é uma importante doença negligenciada causada por protozoários do gênero Leishmania, que pode ser transmitida pela picada de flebotomíneos. O tratamento convencional da leishmaniose envolve o uso de fármacos que promovem efeitos clínicos adversos e resistência ao tratamento. Assim, o desenvolvimento de novas técnicas para o tratamento desta doença são cruciais. Recentemente, tem havido um interesse crescente na aplicação de terapia fotodinâmica (PDT) na leishmaniose cutânea, que tem mostrado bons resultados e parece ser bem tolerada pelos pacientes. OBJETIVO: Desenvolver um protocolo para produzir vesículas gigantes de membrana plasmática (GPMVs) a partir da membrana de promastigotas de Leishmania amazonensis e verificar os efeitos da PDT mediada por azul de metileno (AM) em GPMVs de L.amazonensis. METODOLOGIA: A extração da membrana dos parasitas foi feita por centrifugações com diferentes gradientes de sacarose. Dosagem de fosfato e proteína foi realizada para confirmar a extração da membrana. As GPMVs foram então preparadas pela técnica de eletroformação usando diferentes freqüências e tensões. As GPMVs reconstituídas foram observadas em microscópio óptico invertido em contraste de fase. Na sequência, as GPMVs foram diluídas em solução de glicose 0,2 M contendo AM para uma concentração final de 50 μM. Em seguida, foram acondicionadas em uma câmara de observação e levadas ao microscópio.A irradiação foi feita com a lâmpada de mercúrio de 103 W do microscópio, usando um filtro apropriado para a fotoativação do AM (lexc= 665 nm). RESULTADOS: Foi observada perda de contraste da GPMV depois de 210 s de exposição à luz devido à troca de solução interna (sacarose) e externa (glicose), indicando formação de poros na vesícula. CONCLUSÃO: Nós fomos capazes de desenvolver um protocolo para formação de GPMVs de L. amazonensis, que mostraram poros após PDT, sugerindo alterações na permeabilidade da membrana.

  Palavras-Chave: protozoa; parasites; photosensitivity; therapy; radiations; optical microscopy

  

• IPEN-DOC 27311

  SILVA, ANA T.; SILVA, THYAGO B.; BAPTISTA, ALESSANDRA; ARAKI, ANGELA; KFOURI-SIRIANI, LUCIANA; RIBEIRO, MARTHA S. ; NUNEZ, SILVIA C.; NAVARRO, RICARDO S.. Terapia fotodinâmica antimicrobiana no biofilme em crianças com atividade de doença cárie. In: MALDONADO, ERICA (Org.); PINHEIRO, JULIANA H.P.A. (Org.); BRENNECKE, KATHERY (Org.); AMARAL, MARCELLO M. (Org.); NAVARRO, RICARDO S. (Org.); MOLINA, TALITA dos S. (Org.) ENCONTRO DE INICIAÇÃO CIENTÍFICA, 13., 8 de novembro, 2019, São Paulo, SP. Resumo... São Paulo, SP: Universidade Brasil, 2019. p. 55-55.

  Abstract: A cavidade bucal apresenta microrganismos que colonizam a superfície dos dentes, periodonto e tecidos moles em equilíbrio dinâmico com o meio. Na ocorrência de um desequilíbrio- disbiose podem ocorrer condições que favorecem o surgimento de doença cárie e periodontal. Tal desequilíbrio pode ser causado por alta frequência no consumo de sacarose, hábitos de higiene incorretos, alterações salivares, condições sistêmicas. Pacientes infantis, hospitalizados, com dificuldades motoras, com doenças sistêmicas ou uso de medicações com repercussão salivar apresentam mais fatores de risco para ocorrência de doença cárie. A terapia fotodinâmica antimicrobiana (TFDa) promove a formação de espécies reativas de oxigênio a partir de um fotossensibilizador, luz laser ou LED com comprimento de onda específico e oxigênio. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar os efeitos da TFDa na redução de microrganismos no biofilme utilizando diferentes par6ametros (energias/tempo) de irradiação. Foram selecionadas 15 crianças com atividade de doença cárie, divididas aleatoriamente em 3 grupos: coleta de biofilme na vestibular do dente 16 ou 26 antes e após a realização dos procedimentos: Controle (C)- orientação de higiene e dieta (OHD), TFDa (3 min) e TFDa (6 min)- OHD + irrigação com uma seringa de 3 mL da solução de azul de metileno (AM) (50 μM), tempo de pré irradiação (TPI= 3 min) e irradiação com Laser (MM OPTICS) (vermelho =640±30 nm, P=240 mW) por 3 mim (86,4 J/cm²) ou 6 min (172,8 J/cm²), com ponteira apropriada para irradiação intra-oral posicionando na entrada da boca. Amostras do biofilme coletadas com swab estéril foram submetidas ao processamento microbiológico e contagem das UFC. Os resultados mostram efetiva e densidade de energia dependente ação antimicrobiana da TFDa (p< 0,05). Pode-se concluir que a densidade de energia é um parâmetro importante na efetividade da TFDa em biofilme dental.

  

• IPEN-DOC 27310

  BARZI, LUCAS C.; PRATA, ANA P.; MARTINS, MARIA I.; NASCIMENTO, FERNANDO C. . Modificação de emulsão acrílica PVA premium com compostos biodegradáveis. In: CONGRESSO INTERNACIONAL DE TINTAS; EXPOSIÇÃO INTERNACIONAL DE FORNECEDORES PARA TINTAS, October 1-3, 2019, São Paulo, SP. Abstract... 2019. p. 135-135.

  Abstract: As tintas utilizadas na construção civil possuem diversas formulações a partir da utilização de resinas, pigmentos, cargas, solventes e aditivos. Como forma de inovação e possível redução de custo, a utilização de resíduos biodegradáveis é uma das formas de contribuir para a melhoria do desempenho e para a sustentabilidade ambiental. O trabalho teve como objetivo estudar a incorporação de fibras de resíduos vegetais, no caso a casca de arroz e a fibra de coco. A metodologia utilizada na pesquisa foi de Estudo de Caso. Primeiramente preparou-se a matéria prima, envolvendo as etapas de: secagem e posterior moagem das fibras para redução de seu tamanho. Houve também a caracterização das partículas obtidas após seu preparo por meio de análise granulométrica e por fim a adição de 1%, 2% e 3% da biomassa de resíduos, em volume, na tinta branca de emulsão PVA Premium. De acordo com as análises de aspecto, optou-se por não continuar a utilização da fibra de coco. A partir das amostras que continham casca de arroz foram utilizados os seguintes ensaios de qualidade: Aspecto, viscosidade, massa específica, poder de cobertura de tinta seca e úmida, teor de sólidos, resistência à abrasão, tempo de secagem, microbiológicos, pH: observa-se que, inclusive, alguns destes são exigidos pelo Inmetro para a comercialização do produto. Dentre os resultados obtidos, destaca-se se a tinta se manteve dentro dos padrões especificados. Diante dos resultados, conclui-se que a casca de arroz, possui uma alta funcionalidade contribuindo para a manutenção das propriedades da tinta, além de agregar qualidade no produto final, tornando-o mais sustentável e de baixo custo.

  

• IPEN-DOC 27309

  NASCIMENTO, FERNANDO C. ; NASCIMENTO, LUIZ F.N.; CALVO, WILSON A.P. . Melhoria das propriedades em emulsões acrílicas aditivadas com dispersões celulósicas processadas por feixe de elétrons associadas à ACV e Economia Circular / Improvement of acrylic emulsions properties additivated with celulosic dispersions processed by electron beam associated with LCA and Circular Economy. In: CONGRESSO INTERNACIONAL DE TINTAS; EXPOSIÇÃO INTERNACIONAL DE FORNECEDORES PARA TINTAS, October 1-3, 2019, São Paulo, SP. Abstract... 2019. p. 41-41.

  Abstract: Um dos grandes desafios das empresas é a destinação dos seus resíduos industriais. No mercado de tintas e materiais celulósicos a realidade não é diferente. Aliado às pressões em busca da proteção e preservação dos recursos naturais, há necessidade que empresas busquem soluções sustentáveis através do desenvolvimento de tecnologias limpas, envolvendo o conceito da Avaliação do Ciclo de Vida (ACV) e da Economia Circular ao inserir no ciclo técnico os resíduos dos processos industriais. O presente projeto teve por objetivo propor a utilização de uma dispersão aquosa de resíduos industriais celulósicos, tratada por feixe de elétrons, como aditivo a uma tinta imobiliária à base de emulsão acrílica, com a finalidade de melhorar as suas propriedades do ponto de vista técnico, econômico, ambiental e social. A metodologia está baseada em um estudo de caso, fruto da parceria com empresas multinacionais renomadas nos respectivos seguimentos industriais, tendo como referencial os padrões do Programa Setorial de Qualidade (PSQ) da ABRAFATI, além de normas nacionais e internacionais. As amostras são preparadas por meio de dispersões aquosas de resíduos celulósicos moídos. Na sequência, estas são processadas por feixe de elétrons com doses absorvidas na faixa de 5 kGy , 25KGy e 50 kGy. As dispersões assim produzidas são utilizadas como aditivos na elaboração das tintas de emulsão acrílica imobiliárias nas proporções: 0% (controle), 1%, 2%,3%, 5% e 10% de resíduos celulósicos em massa. Os resultados iniciais são animadores e vislumbram o sucesso dessa pesquisa inovadora. Na fase inicial os resultados das propriedades foram: a) poder de cobertura úmida (NBR 14943) com média dos resultados de 93,55%, acima da especificada que é 90%; b) peso específico, com valor médio encontrado de 1,35, já a especificação é de 1,20 a 1,50; e c) aspecto, com resultado plenamente satisfatório. Há outros ensaios sendo realizados e mensurados: d) resistência à abrasão sem pasta abrasiva (NBR10578); e) poder de cobertura seca (NBR 14942); f) cor (NBR 10577); g) resistência à radiação UV (NBR 15380); h) resistência ao Intemperismo por Xênon Test (ASTM D2565 e ASTM G155); e i) aplicação ao intemperismo natural. Conclui-se que o projeto possui viabilidade técnica, econômica, ambiental e social, por meio da aplicação da tecnologia de radiação com feixe de elétrons. Trata-se de uma solução inovadora, limpa e sustentável, ao atender os requisitos do PSQ.

  

• IPEN-DOC 27308

  CORREA, E. ; BOSCH-SANTOS, B. ; SALES, T. ; CABRERA-PASCA, G.; CORREA, B.S.; NETO, O.F. ; CARBONARI, A.W. ; OLESHKO, V.; DENNIS, C.. RE-doped Fe3O4 (RE = Eu, Gd, Er) nanoparticles for nanothermometry. In: ANNUAL CONFERENCE ON MAGNETISM AND MAGNETIC MATERIALS, 64th, November 4-8, 2019, Las Vegas, Nevada, USA. Abstract... 2019. p. 90-90.

  Abstract: Temperature affects every physical system, chemical reaction, and biological process. A new method, magnetic nanothermometry, is being explored to measure temperature throughout a volume. This method uses large changes in magnetization as function of temperature, which cannot be obtained with current magnetic nano-objects (MNO). To get a large magnetization change we have examined the magnetic properties of RE-doped Fe3O4 (RE = Eu, Gd, Er) MNO. Samples were synthesized by co-precipitation. For the doped material, RE+3 were chosen in order to replace the Fe+3 in the (Fe+2)(Fe+3)2O4 structure. Structural characterization was performed by X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy. Hyperfine interaction parameters as a function of temperature (300 K to 873 K) were obtained by perturbed angular g-g correlation (PAC) spectroscopy using 111In(111Cd) as probe nuclei. To fit the PAC spectra, the 111Cd probes were considered to occupy three sites: tetrahedral, octahedral, and a third site where the probes are located at the nanoparticle surface [1]. The hyperfine magnetic field Bhf was calculated using the Larmor equation, and its behavior as a function of temperature follows a Brillouin-type transition. For example, the Curie temperature (TC) obtained for 5% Er-doped was approx. 846 K (FIG. 1), which is higher than the expected TC for pure Fe3O4 (approx. 722 K) [2]. Magnetization as a function of temperature shows a 70 % change in magnetization around 100 K for Er-doped Fe3O4 (FIG.2), which is an improvement in temperature on pure Fe3O4 (below 50 K) [3]. Current work is focused on correlating the temperature range in which the magnetization change occurs and determining if it depends on the dopant element.

  

• IPEN-DOC 27307

  PEREIRA, L.F. ; SCALISE, L.M. ; MESTNIK-FILHO, J. ; FERREIRA, W.L. ; GONÇALVES, V.C. ; CARBONARI, A.W. . Investigation of local magnetic properties of CeCd as a function of the unit cell volume by means of first principles calculations. In: ANNUAL CONFERENCE ON MAGNETISM AND MAGNETIC MATERIALS, 64th, November 4-8, 2019, Las Vegas, Nevada, USA. Abstract... 2019. p. 752-753.

  Abstract: In the work here reported magnetic hyperfine field (Bhf) at Cd site as well as the cerium magnetic moment (m-Ce) were calculated from simulation of the CeCd compound in many different unit cell volumes. Results are compared with the experimental values of Bhf (5.10 T) obtained with Perturbed Angular Correlation spectroscopy measurements [1] and m-Ce from magnetization measurements. The electronic structure calculations of the CeCd cubic cells (under normal conditions the space group is Pm-3m) were performed using density functional theory implemented on ELK and WIEN2k codes with “full-potential linearized augmented plane wave” method and the local density or generalized gradient approximations to estimate exchange-correlation energy. Three methodologies were carried out in our simulations: just spin polarized (SP); spin-orbit coupling (SO); and, SO plus ad hoc U parameter to treat the strong correlation in the cerium 4f shell. The cell energy (CE), m-Ce and Fermi-contact contribution (BFc) of Cd-Bhf from electrons (labelled core and valence) inside the atomic spheres and others quantities were calculated for volume fractions varying from -14% to 5% of the experimental unit cell volume, in steps of 1%. The smallest energy and bestest Cd-Bhf agreement were reached when the volume is compressed by 12%. Results are discussed in terms of Ce-4f electron (de)localization and its strong correlation as well as hybridization effects between Cd and Ce observed through density of states plots to understand the dependence of Cd-BFc with the compression and relaxation of the cell. A brief comparison of Cd-BFc for 3 the methodologies and m-Ce and Cd-BFc versus volume (SP calculation) from WIEN2k are presented.

  

• IPEN-DOC 27306

  CORREA, E. ; BOSCH-SANTOS, B.; SAXENA, R.N. ; CABRERA-PASCA, G.; CARBONARI, A.W. . Effects of an external magnetic field on the hyperfine parameters in RE2O3 (RE = Gd, Er) nanoparticles measured by perturbed angular correlation spectroscopy. In: ANNUAL CONFERENCE ON MAGNETISM AND MAGNETIC MATERIALS, 64th, November 4-8, 2019, Las Vegas, Nevada, USA. Abstract... 2019. p. 329-330.

  Abstract: The RE2O3 (RE = rare-earth) oxides present three different structures depending on the RE ionic radii: hexagonal (A-type), monoclinic (B-type) or cubic (C-type). In the latter, RE ions occupy two non-equivalent cation sites: asymmetric 24d sites and symmetric 8b sites. Gd2O3 and Er2O3 crystallize in this structure and have a paramagnetic behavior, although Er2O3 also orders antiferromagnetically below 4 K. Due to the high magnetic moment of Gadolinium ions, Gd3+ chelates have been used as a contrast agent for magnetic resonance imaging[1]. An investigation of the localized magnetic moment behavior on Gd and Er sites in Gd2O3 and Er2O3 nanoparticles (NPs), within an atomic resolution, under the influence of an external magnetic field (EMF), is very necessary mainly because the high neutron absorption cross-section of Gd prevents the use of neutron diffraction[ 2]. In this paper, hyperfine interactions, measured by Perturbed Angular Correlation (PAC) spectroscopy using 111In→111Cd as probe nuclei, were used to investigate the behavior of each RE site in Gd2O3 and Er2O3 NPs with and without the application of an EMF of 0.5 T. NPs were synthesized by thermal decomposition and characterized by transmission electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. Results show that the contribution of RE atoms at 24d sites is invariant with temperature whereas the contribution from RE atoms at 8b sites is so that the hyperfine magnetic field (Bhf) increases in Er2O3 and decreases in Gd2O3 when temperature decreases indicating an opposite alignment of Gd magnetic moments at the 8b symmetric sites.

  

• IPEN-DOC 27305

  CABRERA-PASCA, G.; BOSCH-SANTOS, B. ; BURIMOVA, A. ; CORREA, E.; CARBONARI, A.W. . Effect of the magnetic impurity on the charge diffusion in highly dilute Ce doped LaMnO3. In: ANNUAL CONFERENCE ON MAGNETISM AND MAGNETIC MATERIALS, 64th, November 4-8, 2019, Las Vegas, Nevada, USA. Abstract... 2019. p. 207-207.

  Abstract: LaMnO3+δ is a complex oxide, which, depending on the oxygen excess concentration δ, presents different crystalline structure and interesting magnetic and electric properties such as colossal magnetoresistance, polaron dynamics, multiferroic behavior, and charge-orbital ordering. This complexity requires different characterization techniques to draw a picture as complete as possible allowing a good understanding of these phenomena. Here, we have used the perturbed angular correlation (PAC) technique to measure hyperfine interactions at La and Mn sites of LaMnO3+δ (δ ~0.15) using 140Ce (at La sites) and 111Cd (at both La and Mn sites) as probe nuclei in order to investigate within an atomic scale the magnetic and electric interactions in this compound. Results show that 111Cd nuclei occupy quite high symmetric local sites in agreement with a rhombohedral structure. The magnetic hyperfine field (Bhf) measured with 111Cd at La sites is very small (Bhf = 0.40 T) due to the supertransferred magnetic field from Mn neighbors through oxygen orbitals. On the other hand, 140Ce nuclei at La sites present a saturation field of around 3.7 T much higher than that expected for La sites (due to the weak transfer field by superexchange mechanism). In addition, for temperature range above the magnetic ordering (200-300 K) a dynamic hyperfine interaction was observed characterized by the attenuation parameter λ(T) whose temperature dependence allowed to determine the activation energy (Ea) associated to the polaron diffusion, as displayed in Fig. 1.

  

• IPEN-DOC 27304

  OLIVEIRA, GABRIEL F.M. ; SILVA, SANDRA M.C.; BORGES, LARISSA ; DAMATTO, SANDRA R. ; LEONARDO, LUCIO ; MADUAR, MARCELO F. . Aspectos nutricionais e radioatividade natural nas castanhas brasileiras. In: CONGRESSO NACIONAL DA SOCIEDADE BRASILEIRA DE ALIMENTAÇÃO E NUTRIÇÃO, 15., 28-30 de agosto, 2019, São Paulo, SP. Resumo... São Paulo, SP: Centro Universitário São Camilo, 2019. p. 73-73.

  Abstract: INTRODUÇÃO As oleaginosas são sementes originadas de frutos e possuem uma vasta quantidade de nutrientes essenciais para a nutrição humana, são caracterizadas pela presença de vitaminas, minerais, fibras, gorduras boas e alguns compostos bioativos. A ingestão desse grupo de alimentos pode proporcionar benefícios como: diminuição dos níveis de colesterol e triglicerídeos sanguíneos; regulação da atividade imunológica e resposta inflamatória; aumento da atividade apoptótica de células neoplásicas e prevenção de acidente vascular encefálico. A radioatividade natural está presente em todos os compartimentos do ecossistema terrestre e no ser humano, originada dos radionuclídeos naturais encontrados na crosta terrestre. A radioatividade natural chega até o homem pela cadeia alimentar, por meio dos alimentos vegetais e animais fazendo com que todos os alimentos possuam diferentes concentrações dos radionuclídeos naturais. Embora existam trabalhos sobre a caracterização de radionuclídeos naturais, um número limitado de trabalhos pode ser encontrado na literatura quanto à quantificação destes radionuclídeos nas oleaginosas, fazendo necessário mais pesquisas. OBJETIVOS O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar a composição centesimal da farinha de coco, castanha do Brasil, castanha de baru, castanha de caju e os níveis de radioatividade natural da farinha de coco, castanha do Brasil, pecam brasileira, castanha de baru, castanha de caju e pinhão cru e cozido. METODOLOGIA A análise bromatológica seguiu as normas elaboradas pela AOAC (2010) e pelo Instituto Adolfo Lutz (2008) e a determinação dos radionuclídeos naturais foi realizada por espectrometria gama utilizando um detector de germânio hiperpuro. RESULTADOS Os resultados referentes à análise comparativa das oleaginosas demonstram que a castanha de caju é a oleaginosa com maior teor proteico e que a castanha do Brasil apresentou altos índices de gordura. Por outro lado, a farinha de coco é uma boa fonte de fibras. As maiores concentrações de atividade de 226Ra foram obtidas na castanha do Brasil e de 40K na amostra de farinha de coco. Somente na amostra de castanha do Brasil foram determinadas as concentrações de atividade de 228Th e 228Ra. A amostra de pinhão cozido apresentou menores valores de concentração de atividade para os radionuclídeos determinados. CONCLUSÃO Embora apresente radioatividade, os benefícios da ingestão destes alimentos são maiores, desde que não ultrapasse uma porção por dia.

  

• IPEN-DOC 27101

  MIZUTANI, GUSTAVO ; VEGA, OSCAR . Análise de agrotóxicos em alimentos vegetais com alto teor de proteínas via cromatografia acoplada a espectrometria de massas tandem. In: CONGRESSO ANALITICA, 6th.; CONGRESSO ANALITICA LATIN AMERICA, 15th.; NANO TRADE SHOW; CIRCUITO DO CONHECIMENTO E INOVAÇÃO, September 24-26, 2019, São Paulo, SP. Poster... 2019.

  

• IPEN-DOC 27100

  CARVALHO, ELIAS F. ; OSTERMANN, CAROLINE K. ; BUSTILLOS, JOSE O.V. . Vertical profile analysis of wind flow to obtain optimal eddy covariance parameters. In: ATTO WORKSHOP, 3rd, September 16-20, 2019, Manaus, AM. Poster... 2019.

  

• IPEN-DOC 27099

  OSTERMANN, CAROLINE ; ZANNONI, NORA; CARVALHO, ELIAS ; NOVAES, MARIANA ; WILLIAMS, JONATHAN; VEGA, OSCAR . Exploring chiral BVOCs in Amazon and Atlantic forest by TENAX® and Carbograph® sorbent. In: LATIN AMERICAN SYMPOSIUM ON ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY, 14th; ENCONTRO NACIONAL DE QUÍMICA AMBIENTAL, 9.; WORKSHOP EM AVANÇOS RECENTES NO PREPARO DE AMOSTRAS, 12.; SEMINÁRIO CORSAN DE PESQUISA E INOVAÇÃO, 2., November 6-8, 2019, Bento Gonçalves, RS. Poster... 2019.

  

• IPEN-DOC 27098

  NAKANO, V.E.; OSSUGUI, M.; FERREIRA, C.P.; SANTA CRUZ, L.M.; COSTA, A.R.; KIMURA, I.A.; BUSTILLOS, J.O.W.V. ; ALABURDA, J.. Método multirresíduo de agrotóxicos em água destinada ao consumo humano por LC-HRMS (ORBITRAP™). In: LATIN AMERICAN SYMPOSIUM ON ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY, 14th; ENCONTRO NACIONAL DE QUÍMICA AMBIENTAL, 9.; WORKSHOP EM AVANÇOS RECENTES NO PREPARO DE AMOSTRAS, 12.; SEMINÁRIO CORSAN DE PESQUISA E INOVAÇÃO, 2., November 6-8, 2019, Bento Gonçalves, RS. Abstract... 2019.

  Abstract: O presente trabalho apresenta um método simples e rápido para a determinação por injeção direta de 68 ingredientes ativos (i.a.) de agrotóxicos em água para consumo humano, empregando cromatografia líquida acoplada ao espectrômetro de massas de alta resolução (LC-HRMS/Orbitrap). A técnica por injeção direta dispensa o tratamento prévio ou concentração da amostra, reduz o consumo de solventes e elimina possíveis perdas de analitos. O analisador de massas Orbitrap possui resolução e sensibilidade elevadas, alta especificidade na identificação de compostos por meio da massa exata e permite a determinação simultânea de resíduos de agrotóxicos de diferentes classes e propriedades físico-químicas. Para a identificação e quantificação dos i.a. foi utilizado cromatógrafo a líquido de ultraperformance (UHPLC) Ultimate 3000 Dionex acoplado ao analisador de massas Exactive Plus Orbitrap™ Thermo Scientific, coluna analítica Hypersil Gold C18 aQ Thermo Scientific, fonte de ionização por electrospray com aquecimento (HESI) e aquisição dos dados nos modos positivo e negativo. O erro aceitável de exatidão de massas foi de até 5ppm. O método foi realizado em Full MS e All Ion Fragmentation (AIF), numa faixa de massas entre 60 e 900m/z com resolução de aquisição de 35000 e 17500, respectivamente, tempo de análise de 12minutos. Para as análises, à amostra de água foram adicionados ácido fórmico 0,1% (v/v) e metanol 0,5% (v/v). A validação do método multirresíduo foi realizada por ensaios de recuperação, avaliando exatidão, precisão, linearidade, limites de detecção (LD) e de quantificação (LQ). A avaliação de desempenho e critérios de aceitação foram baseados nos descritos da SANTE 11813/2017. As curvas analíticas para todos os compostos foram obtidas em triplicata, na faixa de concentração de 0,2 a 50 μg.L-1, com exceção dos i.a. atrazina e simazina, cuja faixa de trabalho foi de 0,06 a 16 μg.L-1. Os limites de detecção e de quantificação foram estabelecidos por estudos estatísticos e variaram de 0,19 a 2,12 μg.L-1, e de 0,56 a 6,53 μg.L-1, respectivamente. Os valores de LQ obtidos dos ativos constantes na Portaria de Consolidação MS-GM nº 05/2017 (Brasil, 2017) analisados neste trabalho estão abaixo dos limites máximos estabelecidos. Sob condições de repetibilidade (N=5), as médias das recuperações dos i.a. nos níveis de fortificação 0,5; 1; 2; 5 e 40μg.L-1, e para a atrazina e simazina em 0,16; 0,32; 0,64; 1,6 e 12,8μg.L-1, variaram de 75,07% a 123,06% e DPR de 0,74 a 23,02%. As amostras em branco não apresentaram interferentes dos compostos estudados (efeito matriz). O método multirresíduo para análise de 68 i.a. de agrotóxicos por injeção direta em LCHRMS mostrou-se eficiente, simples, rápido, sensível e confiável para a análise de amostras de água. A implantação da metodologia terá aplicações relevantes para a área de Saúde Pública e permitirá o desenvolvimento de novas pesquisas referentes à contaminação de água para consumo humano. Os resultados obtidos poderão subsidiar as ações de vigilância sanitária, bem como proporcionar dados que contribuam e incentivem a revisão das legislações vigentes.

  

• IPEN-DOC 27097

  FERREIRA, WANDERSON L. ; PEREIRA, LUCIANO F.D. ; COSTA, MESSIAS de S.; SCALISE, LEVY ; GONÇALVES, VITOR C. ; SAXENA, RAJENDRA N. ; CARBONARI, ARTUR W. . Investigation on the role of oxygen vacancies in the Cd hyperfine properties in (Co, Mn)-doped CeO2. In: INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON HYPERFINE INTERACTIONS AND THEIR APPLICATIONS, February 10-15, 2019, Goa, India. Abstract... Mumbai, India: Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, 2019. p. 86-86.

  Abstract: Ceria is known to have intrinsic oxygen vacancies that affect specific properties for semiconductor applications. Recently, incorporation of impurities to ceria for vacancy formation control as well as the role of dopants in the physical and chemical ceria properties have gained much attention, especially when doped with transition metals. Local disorder originated from oxygen vacancies and doping is the aim of several studies in which hyperfine interactions techniques have showed a great tool to investigate it. In particular, perturbed angular correlation spectroscopy (PAC) measurements with 111Cd for pure and TM (Co, Mn)-doped CeO2 have exhibited a range of quadrupole frequencies [1, 2]. In order to elucidate the several electric field gradients (efg) in these systems, we have carried out band structure calculations by means of density functional theory (DFT) in the ceria doped with Cd and TM (Co, Mn) to study the local disorder from the hyperfine interactions point of view. We performed spin-polarized calculation using the full-potential augmented plane-waves plus local-orbitals (FP-LAPW) method and Perdew–Burke–Ernzerhof generalized gradient approximation embodied into WIEN2k code [3]. We simulated several charge states in pure and TM-doped CeO2 supercells with oxygen vacancies focusing on electronic distribution in the vicinity of Cd. Our efg results showed a good agreement with 111Cd quadrupole frequency range obtained from PAC experiments. Thus, we improved the understanding about the role of Cd and TM in the ceria oxygen vacancy formation.

  

• IPEN-DOC 27096

  BURIMOVA, A. ; CARBONARI, A.W. ; RICHARD, D.; PEREIRA, L.F.D. ; GENEZINI, F.A. . Mechanisms of reduction in V2O5 and MoO3 studied by PAC spectroscopy. In: INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON HYPERFINE INTERACTIONS AND THEIR APPLICATIONS, February 10-15, 2019, Goa, India. Abstract... Mumbai, India: Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, 2019. p. 59-59.

  Abstract: Structural evolution of vanadium (V) and molybdenum (VI) oxides with temperature was studied by Time Differential Perturbed Angular Correlation (TDPAC) spectroscopy in different atmospheres with 111Cd probe incorporated by wet impregnation. In case of V2O5 sealed in vacuum, the critical temperature for probe diffusion was found to be above 500oC, whereas for MoO3 this barrier was 600oC. The diffusion was suppressed in low pressure oxygen atmosphere. The behavior of hyperfine parameters on heating to melting point of V and Mo oxides and subsequent cooling to room temperature was analyzed. TDPAC results were complemented by X-ray diffraction data. We discuss comproportionation, topotactic, competitive and consecutive mechanisms as the candidates to describe V2O5 → VO2 and MoO3 → MoO2 reduction.

  

• IPEN-DOC 27095

  DARRIBA, G.N.; RICHARD, D.; MUÑOZ, E.L.; RUNCO, J.; CARBONARI, A.W. ; PETRILLI, H.M.; RENTERIA, M.. Dynamic hyperfine interactions in (111In→)111Cd-doped SnO2 and SnO semiconductors: ab initio approach to the electron-capture after-effects phenomenon. In: INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON HYPERFINE INTERACTIONS AND THEIR APPLICATIONS, February 10-15, 2019, Goa, India. Abstract... Mumbai, India: Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, 2019. p. 103-103.

  Abstract: In the PAC literature, the so-called “after-effects” phenomenon refers to the electronic relaxations processes of a probe-atom following the electron-capture (EC) nuclear-decay of its radioactive parent. This effect has been observed in PAC experiments on semiconducting and insulating oxides doped with 111In(→111Cd), through the existence of dynamic hyperfine interactions (i.e., with time-dependent anisotropies), dependent and reversible with measuring temperature. We present here results of PAC experiments in (111In →)111Cd-doped SnO2 and SnO that have been successfully analyzed with a time-dependent on-off model for the perturbation factor. These results showed combined dynamic plus static hyperfine interactions whose electric-field gradients (EFG) were associated to different stable electronic configurations close to the 111Cd nucleus. The dynamic regime is originated in fast fluctuations between these different electronic configurations. Density functional theory-based electronic-structure calculations of Cd-doped SnO2 and SnO were performed as a function of the charge state of the impurity. In SnO2, the impurity introduces a double acceptor level in the top of the valence band together with isotropic outward relaxations of the nearest oxygen neighbors. The variation of the calculated EFG tensor as a function of the charge state of the Cd impurity level shows an interesting behavior that explains the experimental results, giving strong support from first principles to the electron-capture after-effects proposed scenario. A similar ab initio analysis in Cd-doped SnO, in which Cd is nominally an isovalent impurity, also gave account succesfully of the experimental results. The EC decay of 111In to 111Cd and the electric nature of the host are shown to contribute to the existence of these types of time-dependent hyperfine interactions, showing that the acceptor character of the impurity seems not to be a necessary condition to produce after effects at least in Sn oxides.

  

• IPEN-DOC 27094

  SANTOS, R.A. ; SANTOS, B.B. ; CORREA, E.L. ; PEREIRA, L.F.D. ; SCHELL, J.; CORREIA, J.G.M.; LUPASCU, D.C.; SCHAAF, P.; HOFSAESS, H.C.; SAXENA, R.N. ; CARBONARI, A.W. . Hyperfine interactions measurements in bismuth tri-iodide (BiI3) by time differential perturbed angular correlation spectroscopy (TDPAC). In: INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON HYPERFINE INTERACTIONS AND THEIR APPLICATIONS, February 10-15, 2019, Goa, India. Abstract... Mumbai, India: Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, 2019. p. 101-101.

  Abstract: Bismuth tri-iodide (BiI3) is a material of great interest in applications such as solar cells and semiconductor detectors. In the work reported here, bulk samples of BiI3 were characterized by time differential perturbed angular correlation spectroscopy (TDPAC) at different temperatures using 111mCd (111Cd) and 111In (111Cd) as radioactive probes, inserted by implantation at ISOLDE/CERN and by thermal diffusion at IPEN, respectively. TDPAC measurements were used to investigate the hyperfine interactions at Bi sites in the crystalline structure of BiI3. The hyperfine parameters obtained were analyzed to elucidate the electrical properties expected for the mentioned technological applications. The optimal temperatures for annealing after the implantation (300°C and 320°C) were determined, allowing to observe the perturbation pattern R(t). Measurements show that the incidence of UV light at 350–363nm wavelength has an effect on the electronic structure around the Cd probe nuclei located near the surface of samples.

  

• IPEN-DOC 27093

  PEREIRA, LUCIANO F.D. ; MESTNIK-FILHO, JOSE ; CABRERA-PASCA, GABRIEL A. ; BOSCH-SANTOS, BRIANNA ; FERREIRA, WANDERSON L. ; GONÇALVES, VITOR C. ; SCALISE, LEVY ; GENEZINI, FREDERICO A. ; SAXENA, RAJENDRA N. ; CARBONARI, ARTUR W. . Insights into anomalous magnetic hyperfine field at Ce impurity in LaMn2X2 (X=Si, Ge): a study from first principles calculations. In: INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON HYPERFINE INTERACTIONS AND THEIR APPLICATIONS, February 10-15, 2019, Goa, India. Abstract... Mumbai, India: Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, 2019. p. 88-88.

  Abstract: The LaMn2X2 (X=Si, Ge) intermetallic compounds doped with cerium exhibit the interesting physical effects that are typical of the REMn2X2 (RE=rare earth) series (such as magnetocaloric, superconductivy) or are originated from cerium in specific electronic environment (e.g. Kondo, intermediate valence, strongly correlated electron). Recently, the magnetic hyperfine field (mhf) at 140Ce-doped LaMn2(Si(1-x)Gex)2 was determined by perturbed gamma-gamma angular correlation spectroscopy. The 140Ce mhf follow the host magnetization in LaMn2Si2, while in LaMn2(Si(1-x)Gex)2 (with x = 0.2 up to 1), it has anomalous behaviour, which was associated with 4f cerium mhf contribution. In this work, first principles band structure simulations were used to improve the understanding of the distance role (generated by interchange of Si and Ge) on mhf cerium contribution.

  

• IPEN-DOC 27092

  PEREIRA, LUCIANO F.D. ; FERREIRA, WANDERSON L. ; GONÇALVES, VITOR C. ; SCALISE, LEVY ; GENEZINI, FREDERICO A. ; CORREA, EDUARDO L. ; SAXENA, RAJENDRA N. ; CARBONARI, ARTUR W. . Hyperfine interactions in Gd2Ti2O7 pyrochlore: ab initio calculations. In: INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON HYPERFINE INTERACTIONS AND THEIR APPLICATIONS, February 10-15, 2019, Goa, India. Abstract... Mumbai, India: Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, 2019. p. 87-87.

  Abstract: The cubic pyrochlore structure of the RE2Ti2O7 (R= rare earth) form is highly geometrically frustrated antiferromagnets and Gd2Ti2O7 is particularly interesting due to the fact gadolinium has a large magnetic moment and its orbital momentum is zero. Up to nowadays, a few investigations of the local structure on Gd2Ti2O7 using hyperfine interactions techniques were made. Namely, the magnetic hyperfine interaction at Gd previously reported from Mossbauer effect spectroscopy with 155Gd [1] and perturbed angular correlation (PAC) have used to reach electric field gradient at 111mCd and 111In probe nuclei [2]. However, these studies are lacking in interpretation, so first principles calculations may led to the elucidation of the electronic structure at the specific crystalline site. Then, Gd2Ti2O7 single and doped-Cd cell simulations have performed with full potential linearized augmented plane waves methods and generalized gradient approximation from Perdew-Burke-Ernzerhorf within the WIEN2k code. Electric field gradient and magnetic hyperfine components were evaluated.

  

• IPEN-DOC 27091

  SALES, T.S.N. ; SAXENA, R.N. ; CARBONARI, A.W. . Study of the hyperfine parameters in Si and Fe doped HfO2 nanoparticles by perturbed angular correlation spectroscopy. In: INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON HYPERFINE INTERACTIONS AND THEIR APPLICATIONS, February 10-15, 2019, Goa, India. Abstract... Mumbai, India: Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, 2019. p. 83-83.

  Abstract: Nanoparticles (NPs) have attracted a great deal of interest due to their desirable properties suited for technological and medical applications. Hafnium dioxide (HfO2) can be used in both areas. HfO2 NPs were synthesized through sol-gel method, which allows an efficient and controlled doping of HfO2. In this work, we have investigated the effect of (5% at.) doping of HfO2 NPs with Si and Fe by measuring hyperfine interactions at 181Ta probe nuclei on Hf sites using the perturbed γ–γ angular correlations (PAC) spectroscopy. The structural and morphological analysis was carried out by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission microscopy (TEM) techniques. For both samples, XRD results showed a single phase with the expected monoclinic structure and TEM results indicated NPs with an average diameter of approximately 30 nm. The hyperfine parameters were measured in the temperature range of 200-900 ºC. The radioactive 181Hf was produced by irradiating the samples with neutrons in the IEA-R1 reactor at IPEN. The samples were enclosed in the alumina tube instead of usual silica tube to avoid the formation of hafnon. Results of both samples showed that probe nuclei occupy three sites with different electric quadrupolar interactions. The major fractions (~65%), in both cases however, showed the well-known monoclinic structure of pure HfO2 [1]. The characterization of one of the minor fractions in Si doped HfO2 showing a tetragonal structure between 400-600 ºC is discussed.

  

• IPEN-DOC 27090

  CORREA, B.S.; COSTA, M.S. ; SENA, C. ; CABRERA-PASCA, G.A. ; CARVALHO JUNIOR, R.N.; SAXENA, R.N. ; CARBONARI, A.W. . Hyperfine interaction study of iron oxide nanoparticles coated with Amazon ucuúba, bacaba and açaí, oils by PAC spectroscopy using 111In-111Cd nuclear probe nuclei. In: INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON HYPERFINE INTERACTIONS AND THEIR APPLICATIONS, February 10-15, 2019, Goa, India. Abstract... Mumbai, India: Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, 2019. p. 82-82.

  Abstract: The use of nanoparticles coated with different materials have been the subject of study by many researchers to improve the quality of nanomaterials for biomedical applications such as controlled drug delivery, image contrast and treatment of cancer by magnetic hyperthermia [1]. In this work we used ucuúba (virola surinamensis), bacaba (Oenocarpus bacaba Mart.) and açaí (Euterpe oleracea Mart.) oils to coat Fe3O4 nanoparticles. The ucuúba, bacaba and açaí are native tree of the Amazon forest, whose oils are rich in fatty acids present in different proportions, such as, lauric, myristic, steatic, oleic, palmitic, and linoleic acid. These pure oils, free of solvents, were obtained by the extraction method with carbon dioxide in the supercritical state [2], and added during the synthesis process of iron oxide nanoparticles by thermal decomposition method [3]. The samples were characterized by X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and Perturbed Angular Correlation (PAC) spectroscopy. The XRD results confirmed the formation of Fe3O4 phase. The TEM results determined the average size to be (> 5 nm) and possible spherical morphology of the magnetite nanoparticles. In order to perform the PAC measurements, 111In-111Cd probe nuclei were diffused in the powder samples at 973 K for 2.5 h. PAC measurements permitted the determination of electric quadrupole and magnetic dipole -hyperfine parameters as a function of temperature. The Curie temperature in each case was determined to be ~ 855 K.

  

• IPEN-DOC 27089

  PAES, S.C.; CORREA, B.S.; COSTA, M.S. ; SENA, C. ; CABRERA-PASCA, G.A. ; SAXENA, R.N. ; CARBONARI, A.W. . Effects of surfactant on the morphology of α-Bi2O3 synthesized by the Sol-gel method: hyperfine interaction study by PAC spectroscopy using 111In-111Cd nuclear probe nuclei. In: INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON HYPERFINE INTERACTIONS AND THEIR APPLICATIONS, February 10-15, 2019, Goa, India. Abstract... Mumbai, India: Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, 2019. p. 81-81.

  Abstract: Nano and micromaterial research, with a well-defined size and shape, has attracted attention from researchers in the areas of chemistry, physics, engineering and biomedicine, due to the wide range of possible applications such as: health, environment, catalysis and miniaturization of electronic devices. In this sense, the chemical routes of synthesis, such as Sol-Gel, are more prominent because it allows the production of particulate materials and thin films, with controllable size and morphology. In this work, bismuth oxide microparticles were synthesized by the Sol-Gel method using metallic bismuth (99.999% purity) in acid solution. Initially, bismuth was diluted with nitric acid solution and distilled water. After dilution, citric acid (600 mg) and ethylene glycol were added. The volume of ethylene glycol was varied from 1 to 3.75 mL, in order to study the morphological effects of its concentration. The samples were then subjected to the calcination process at 673 K for 12 hours. The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and Raman spectroscopy. The XRD diffractograms and the Raman spectrum vibration bands showed that the synthesized samples correspond to the bismuth oxide in the alpha phase (α-Bi2O3) [1-3]. The EDS results show typical elements of bismuth oxide, without contaminants. The SEM images revealed different morphologies, ranging from the formation of flakes to microspherical particles with good size distribution (diameter 0.7 and 2.0 μm). All samples have a crystalline structure and vibration modes corresponding to the α-Bi2O3 phase, but these have totally different morphologies, which proves the dependence of the morphology with the concentration of ethylene glycol. In order to perform the PAC measurements, 111In-111Cd probe nuclei were diffused in the samples during synthesis. PAC measurements permitted the determination of electric quadrupole - hyperfine parameters as a function of temperature, from 50 to 673 K.

  

• IPEN-DOC 27088

  CORREA, B.S.; COSTA, M.S. ; SENA, C. ; CABRERA-PASCA, G.A. ; CARVALHO JUNIOR, R.N.; SAXENA, R.N. ; CARBONARI, A.W. . Study by perturbed angular correlation spectroscopy with 111In-111Cd of iron oxide nanoparticles synthesized using Amazon ucuúba, bacaba and açaí, oils. In: INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON HYPERFINE INTERACTIONS AND THEIR APPLICATIONS, February 10-15, 2019, Goa, India. Abstract... Mumbai, India: Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, 2019. p. 80-80.

  Abstract: The use of nanoparticles coated with different materials are also a subject of study by many scientists to improve the quality of nanomaterials for biomedical applications such as controlled drug delivery, image contrast and treatment of cancer by magnetic hyperthermia [1]. In this work was used ucuúba (virola surinamensis), bacaba (Oenocarpus bacaba Mart.) and açaí (Euterpe oleracea Mart.) oils to coat Fe3O4 nanoparticles. The ucuúba, bacaba and açaí are native tree of the Amazon forest, whose oils is rich in fatty acids present in different proportions, such as, lauric, myristic, steatic, oleic, palmitic, and linoleic acid. These pure oils, free of solvents, was obtained by the extraction method with carbon dioxide in the supercritical state [2], and added to the synthesis process of iron oxide nanoparticles by thermal decomposition method [3]. The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), it was possible to verify the formation of Fe3O4 nanoparticles by the position and width of the intensity peaks. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to observe the average size (> 5 nm) and possible spherical morphology of the magnetite nanoparticles. In order to perform perturbed angular correlation spectroscopy (PAC) the powder samples were heated at 973 K for 2,5 h to diffuse the 111In-111Cd probe nuclei. Using this technique, it is possible determine the electric quadrupole and magnetic dipole hyperfine parameters of the samples as a function of temperature, and it was determined the Curie temperature of ~ 855 K for both samples. The results showed that it is possible synthesized Fe3O4 nanoparticles using ucuúba, bacaba and açaí oils.

  

• IPEN-DOC 27087

  KRYLOV, V.I.; BOSCH-SANTOS, B. ; CABRERA-PASCA, G.A. ; CARBONARI, A.W. ; SAXENA, R.N. ; LEITE NETO, O.F.S. . Magnetic hyperfine field at 119Sn and 111Cd probes in Gd5Ge4 studied by Mössbauer and PAC spectroscopy. In: INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON HYPERFINE INTERACTIONS AND THEIR APPLICATIONS, February 10-15, 2019, Goa, India. Abstract... Mumbai, India: Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, 2019. p. 39-39.

  Abstract: The magnetic structure of Gd5Ge4 belonging to the family of giant magnetocaloric Gd5(Si1-xGex)4 alloys [1] has been examined by magnetization measurements in single crystal [2, 3], X-ray resonant magnetic scattering (XRMS) [4], and neutron powder diffraction (NPD [5]. Gd5Ge4 crystallizes in the orthorhombic structure (space group Pnma) having three non-equivalent Ge-sites. At low temperatures, the Gd magnetic moments are ferromagnetically (FM) aligned within the slabs along the c-direction, while their stacking in the b-direction is antiferromagnetic (AFM) below 127 K [2, 4]. In this work, the temperature dependence of the magnetic hyperfine field (HF) and electric quadrupole interaction on 119Sn and 111Cd probe nuclei in Gd5Ge4 compound have been investigated by Mössbauer and perturbed angular correlation (PAC) spectroscopy. At the saturation, the HF magnitudes reach of Bhf =28.0(5) T and Bhf= 12.6(5) T for 119Sn and 111Cd, respectively, which correspond to the FM local magnetic environment for these probes. It was found that 119Sn probes are placed in two Ge positions, whereas 111Cd probes are located in only one of the three Ge positions in Gd5Ge4. Temperature dependence of Bhf for both 119Sn and 111Cd probes in Gd5Ge4 present anomalous behavior. In the range from 20 K to 120K, the HF decreases almost linearly when temperature increases. These anomalous behavior of Bhf(T) for 119Sn and 111Cd probes are in agreement with the temperature variation of the magnetic (070) and (010) peak intensities that have been found in XRMS [3] and NPD [4] studies. The AFM ordering temperature of Gd5Ge4, TN=129(1) K, found from the Bhf (T) is in agreement with previous results of [2 - 5]. Changes of the values and sign of the quadrupole shift of Mössbauer spectra for 119Sn atoms with the increase of temperature from 30 to 50 K confirm the spin-flop transition in Gd5Ge4 [2, 4].

  

• IPEN-DOC 27086

  MATOS, I.T. ; NASCIMENTO, N.M. ; CABRERA-PASCA, G.A.; EFFENBERGER, F.B. ; FREITAS, R.S.; CARBONARI, A.W. . Investigation of magnetic and structural properties of CoFe2O4 nanoparticles by measuring hyperfine interactions with 111Cd. In: INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON HYPERFINE INTERACTIONS AND THEIR APPLICATIONS, February 10-15, 2019, Goa, India. Abstract... Mumbai, India: Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, 2019. p. 35-35.

  Abstract: Because their ability of magnetic nanoparticles (MNP) to become magnetized when exposed to an external magnetic field, which make them good candidates for biomedical applications [1]. The investigation of the magnetic and structural properties by techniques with atomic resolution, such as those based on hyperfine interactions, is, therefore, greatly useful in the study of MNP. In this work, hyperfine interactions in nanoparticles of CoFe2O4 were investigated by perturbed γ-γ angular correlation (PAC) spectroscopy using 111Cd as probe nuclei in the temperature range from 50 K to 850 K. Samples of CoFe2O4 were prepared by thermal decomposition [2]. Magnetic measurements results show a blocking temperature of 210 K and a superparamagnetic behavior at 300 K. MET measurements show that particles present well-monodispersed spherical shape with average size of 7 nm. XRD results show that samples crystallize in a single phase with the expected spinel structure. PAC spectra were fitted by a model considering two site fractions occupied by the probe nuclei. One were characterized by a single well-defined Larmor frequency with site fraction population of 47%, which was assigned to probe nuclei substituting cation sites in the core region of the particles. The other was characterized by a broad distribution quadrupole frequency with population of 53% corresponding to probe nuclei at distorted cation sites in the shell region of the particles. This assignment agrees with an expected shell/core volume ratio for particles with a diameter of 7 nm. Hyperfine measurements also show that the magnetic hyperfine field (Bhf) is 12.6 T at 10 K in the saturated region and the temperature dependence of Bhf indicate that the transition temperature is around 900 K.

  

• IPEN-DOC 27085

  MADI FILHO, TUFIC ; FERREIRA, ELSON B.; PEREIRA, MARIA da C.C. ; BERRETTA, JOSE R. . The use of the neutron activation analysis technique to determine heavy metals in Nicotiana tabacum solanaceae. In: INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON RADIATION AND APPLICATIONS IN VARIOUS FIELDS OF RESEARCH, 6th, June 18-22, 2018, Ohrid, Macedonia. Abstract... Niš, Serbia: RAD Association, 2018. p. 348-348.

  Abstract: Tobacco addiction has been mentioned as a leading cause of preventable illnesses and premature disability and tobacco smoking is the main cause of lung cancer and one of the factors that most contribute to the occurrence of heart diseases, among others. The herbaceous species Nicotiana tabacum is a plant of the solanaceae family used for tobacco production. Some authors have researched about heavy metals and the toxicity of tobacco. Heavy metals are frequently found in low concentrations in ground, superficial and underground waters, even though it does not have environmental anthropogenic contributions. However, with the increase of the industrial activities and mining and the agrochemical use of contaminated organic and inorganic fertilizers, an alteration of the geochemical cycle occurs. As a consequence, the natural flow of heavy metals increases the release of these elements into the biosphere, where they are frequently accumulated in the superior layer of the ground, accessible to the roots of the plants. Traces of available heavy metals may be found in surface and subsurface aquatic systems and soils, even when there is no anthropogenic influence on the environment, and they frequently accumulate in the upper layer of the soil, where they are accessible to the roots of the plants. Except for the exclusion species, most plant species that grow on soil contaminated by heavy metals cannot avoid the absorption of these elements, but only limit their translocation. During planting and plant development, fertilizers and insecticides, including organochlorines and organophosphates, are used and the smoke from cigarette smoking presents various toxic substances, including heavy metals such as Chromium (Cr) and Manganese (Mn). The samples preparation procedures were carried out in our laboratories and submitted to the irradiation with thermal neutrons in the IPEN/CNEN-SP, in the IEA-R1 research reactor. The irradiated material was analyzed by gamma spectrometry using a high purity germanium detector (HPGe).

  

• IPEN-DOC 27084

  RODRIGUES, ANTONIO C.I. ; MADI FILHO, TUFIC ; SILVA, DAVILSON G. da . Analysis and project of the high density storage racks for spent fuel of the research reactor IEA-R1. In: INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON RADIATION AND APPLICATIONS IN VARIOUS FIELDS OF RESEARCH, 6th, June 18-22, 2018, Ohrid, Macedonia. Abstract... Niš, Serbia: RAD Association, 2018. p. 143-143.

  Abstract: The IEA-R1 research reactor works 40h weekly with 4.5 Mw power. The storage rack for spent fuel elements has less than half of its initial capacity. Under these conditions (current conditions of reactor operation 32h weekly will have 3 spend fuel by year, then, approximately 3 utilization rate Positions/year). Thus, we will have only about six years of capacity for storage. Whereas the desired service life of the IEA-R1 is at least another 20 years, it will be necessary to increase the storage capacity of spent fuel. Hence, it is necessary to double the wet storage capacity (storage in the IEA-R1 reactor’s pool). After reviewing the literature about materials available for use in the construction of the new storage rack with absorber of neutrons, the BoralcanTM (manufactured by 3M) was chosen, due to its properties. This work presents studies: (a) for the construction of new storages racks with double of the current capacity using the same place of current storages racks and (b) criticality analysis using the MCNP-5 code. Two American Nuclear Data Libraries were used: ENDF / B-VI and ENDF / B-VII, and the results obtained for each data bases were compared. These analyzes confirm the possibility of doubling the storage capacity of fuel elements burned in the same place occupied by the current storage rack attending to the IEA-R1 reactor needs and attending the safety requirements according to the National Nuclear Energy Commission – CNEN and the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA). To calculate the keff new fuel elements (maximum possible reactivity) used in full charge of the storage rack were considered. With the results obtained in the simulation we can conclude that doubling the amount of racks for spent fuel elements are complied with safety limits established in the IAEA standards and CNEN of criticality (keff <0.95). It is mandatory to use neutron absorber material.

  

• IPEN-DOC 27082

  GERALDO, BIANCA ; VICENTE, ROBERTO ; GOES, MARCOS M. ; MARUMO, JULIO T. . Radiochemical methodology applied to determination of gamma emitting radionuclides in waste samples from IEA-R1 reactor. In: ANNUAL WASTE MANAGEMENT CONFERENCE, 43rd, March 5-9, 2017, Phoenix, Arizona, USA. Poster... 2017.

  

• IPEN-DOC 27081

  FERREIRA, EDUARDO G.A. ; MARUMO, JULIO T. ; VICENTE, ROBERTO . Proposal of a descriptive modeling of portland cement behavior under radioactive waste repository environment. In: ANNUAL WASTE MANAGEMENT CONFERENCE, 43rd, March 5-9, 2017, Phoenix, Arizona, USA. Poster... 2017.

  

• IPEN-DOC 27078

  OLIVEIRA-SILVA, T.; SUZUKI, L.C. ; LEAL, C.R.L.; KATO, I.T.; ALVARENGA, L.H.; RIBEIRO, M.S. ; PRATES, R.A.. Investigação do efeito fotodinâmico em cepas de Candida albicans pré-tratadas com glicose: estudo in vitro. In: VIEIRA NETO, HUGO (Ed.); SOARES, ALCIMAR B. (Ed.); FÉLIX, RODRIGO P.B. da C. (Ed.); VIEIRA NETO, HUGO (Org.); MAIA, JOAQUIM M. (Org.); PICHORIM, SÉRGIO F. (Org.); GAMBA, HUMBERTO R. (Org.); COSTA, EDUARDO T. (Org.) CONGRESSO BRASILEIRO DE ENGENHARIA BIOMÉDICA, 25., 17-20 de outubro, 2016, Foz do Iguaçu, PR. Resumo... Rio de Janeiro, RJ: Sociedade Brasileira de Engenharia Biomédica, 2016. p. 2343-2343.

  Abstract: Introdução: Candida albicans é um micro-organismo comensal presente em 80% dos indivíduos. No entanto, sua natureza oportunista pode causar severas infecções, sendo responsável por 15% dos casos de septicemia. Pode atingir indivíduos imunocompententes e imunossuprimidos, causando infecções mais graves no segundo grupo. Sua alta patogenicidade está relacionada a sua capacidade formar biofilme, uma estrutura complexa capaz de proteger C. albicans de condições ambientais desfavoráveis. O tratamento convencional com azóis não tem se mostrado eficiente devido ao aumento da expressão dos sistemas de transporte por membrana da família ABC (ATP Binding Cassette Transportes). Frente ao cenário de resistência microbiana, há necessidade de investigar novas alternativas. Uma fototerapia promissora é a terapia fotodinâmica (PDT, do inglês phodynamic therapy) que baseia-se na utilização de luz e fotossensibilizador (FS) na presença de oxigênio, formando espécies reativas de oxigênio que podem causar danos letais às células. C. albicans apresenta sensores de glicose relacionado ao seu dimorfismo (levedura-hifa), sua resposta à presença da glicose é pouco conhecida, mas acredita-se que gera um sinal intracelular que ativa os sistemas de transporte. Sendo assim, o objetivo este trabalho foi avaliar o papel da glicose ativação de uma via de entrada de fotossensibilizador para o citoplasma fúngico. Materiais e Métodos: Para o desenvolvimento do estudo, foram selecionadas as cepas ATCC 10231, YEM 13 superexpressora de poros de difusão facilitada por membrana e sua cepa selvagem YEM 12; YEM 15 superexpressora de bombas de transporte ativo e sua cepa selvagem YEM 14. C. albicans foram cultivadas aerobicamente em ágar Sabouraud e incubadas a 30°C por 24h. Os inóculos microbianos foram divididos em 4 grupos: Controle sem tratamentos; grupo irradiado sem fotossensibilizador; toxicidade do fotossensibilizador (FS) e 3 grupos PDT com irradiação de 1, 3 e 6 min. Azul de metileno na concentração final de 100μM foi utilizado como fotosensitilizador. Todos os experimentos foram realizados com e sem glicose a 50 mM. Cada experimento foi repedido pelo menos 3 vezes. Após passar pelos tratamentos, as unidades formadoras de colônia foram contadas e os dados foram submetidos à análise estatística (ANOVA) e teste de Tukey. Resultados: Os grupos irradiados sem FS não apresentaram inativação quando comparados ao grupo controle, bem como o azul de metileno não se mostrou tóxico nos parâmetros adotados no estudo. No entanto, a PDT causou morte celular proporcional a quantidade de luz entregue ao sistema. A cepa ATCC 10231 apresentou total inativação celular nos grupos com e sem glicose a partir de 3 min de irradiação. Por outro lado, as diferenças na inativação das cepas YEM 12/13 demonstram que a presença da glicose aumenta a entrada de FS e consequentemente aumenta a resposta à PDT. De maneira contrária, nas cepas YEM 14/15, a glicose promove uma espécie de proteção contra a ação da PDT. Isso pode ser relacionado à presença de bombas de transporte ativo, que com mais glicose disponível, podem bombear o FS do citoplasma. A compreensão do papel da glicose na inativação de leveduras pode elucidar mecanismos metabólicos de resposta à PDT e ser uma ferramenta importante na criação de modelos de estudos no desenvolvimento de técnicas antimicrobianas. Conclusões: A presença de glicose pode ativar a entrada de azul de metileno no citoplasma fúngico e aumentar o efeito fotodinâmico. Por outro lado, a mesma presença de glicose pode ativar bombas de efluxo na membrana da levedura e expulsar fotossensibilizador de dentro do fungo.

  

• IPEN-DOC 27077

  YOSHIKAWA, H.Y.; FERREIRA, E.S.; ZEZELL, D.M. ; LINS, E.C.C.C.; ANA, P.A.. Mudanças na fluorescência da dentina promovidas pelo laser de Er,Cr:YSGG e desafio cariogênico. In: VIEIRA NETO, HUGO (Ed.); SOARES, ALCIMAR B. (Ed.); FÉLIX, RODRIGO P.B. da C. (Ed.); VIEIRA NETO, HUGO (Org.); MAIA, JOAQUIM M. (Org.); PICHORIM, SÉRGIO F. (Org.); GAMBA, HUMBERTO R. (Org.); COSTA, EDUARDO T. (Org.) CONGRESSO BRASILEIRO DE ENGENHARIA BIOMÉDICA, 25., 17-20 de outubro, 2016, Foz do Iguaçu, PR. Resumo... Rio de Janeiro, RJ: Sociedade Brasileira de Engenharia Biomédica, 2016. p. 2338-2338.

  Abstract: Introdução: Diante da alta prevalência de lesões de cárie radicular, observada principalmente entre a população idosa, e a rápida progressão destas lesões [1], o que pode ocasionar a perda do elemento dental, faz-se necessária a adoção de métodos preventivos e de diagnóstico precoce efetivos, de forma que a progressão destas lesões seja monitorada e devidamente evitada. Neste aspecto, métodos ópticos baseados em lasers e LEDs tem se mostrado bastante promissores, pois possibilitam a modificação química dos tecidos duros dentais, tornando-os menos susceptíveis à perda mineral [2], assim como permitem o monitoramento das lesões incipientes de cárie de forma não invasiva, em tempo real e sem o uso de radiação ionizante [3]. Assim, o presente trabalho objetiva avaliar e monitorar os efeitos do laser de Er,Cr:YSGG na prevenção do surgimento de lesões de cárie na dentina por meio de um sistema de imageamento por fluorescência. Material e Método: 75 blocos de dentina radicular bovina foram aleatoriamente distribuídos em 5 grupos experimentais com 15 amostras cada: sem tratamento (controle negativo); com aplicação tópica de flúor fosfato acidulado - FFA (controle positivo); irradiadas com laser de Er,Cr:YSGG ( = 2,78 μm, 6 J/cm2, 20 Hz, 12,5 mJ/pulso, 0,25 W); irradiadas e seguida da aplicação de FFA e, por fim, com aplicação de FFA seguida da irradiação laser. Tais amostras foram submetidas a uuma ciclagem de pH por 8 dias, visando-se criar uma lesão incipiente de cárie. As amostras foram avaliadas por um sistema de imagens de fluorescência (SIF), baseado em uma roda mecânica com filtros ópticos banda-larga ( de corte = 450 nm), e outros com  = 500, 550 e 600 nm, uma câmera CCD científica, uma lente objetiva e um sistema de iluminação composto por LEDs ( = 405±30 nm) controlados por computador. Em todas as medidas, uma amostra de cerâmica foi mantida como amostra de referência, sendo posicionada lateralmente, em posição padronizada, à. A análise da intensidade de fluorescência de cada amostra foi obtido empregando-se o componente G do sistema RGB, empregando-se rotina desenvolvida em MatLab. O valor da intensidade de fluorescência de cada amostra foi calculado empregando-se um índice, obtido pela subtração entre o valor da amostra teste e da referência. Os dados foram analisados estatisticamente, considerando nível de significância estatística de 5%. Resultados: Quando empregados os filtros de  = 500, 550 e 600 nm, observou-se redução da intensidade de fluorescência do grupo que recebeu apenas a irradiação com laser de Er,Cr:YSGG em relação aos grupos controle positivo e negativo, sendo esta redução estatisticamente significativa (p = 0,04) quando observada com filtro de 600 nm. Observou-se aumento significativo (p = 0,03) da intensidade de fluorescência nos grupos com associação de tratamentos, sendo o grupo irradiado com posterior aplicação de FFA o que apresentou maior intensidade. Não se observou diferença estatisticamente significativa entre os grupos experimentais quando avaliados utilizando-se o filtro banda larga (p > 0,05). Conclusões: Os resultados obtidos corroboram a hipótese de que a irradiação da dentina radicular com laser de Er,Cr:YSGG pode promover mudanças na composição química da dentina, assim como na sua rugosidade por meio de micro-ablações, o que modifica a fluorescência do tecido irradiado. Ainda assim, considerando o comprimento de onda dos filtros utilizados, observa-se que a diminuição da fluorescência pode ser decorrente do aumento da perda mineral do tecido. Desta forma, de acordo com os resultados obtidos, pode-se concluir que a associação dos tratamentos (laser e FFA) parece ser a alternativa mais promissora para prevenção da desmineralização da dentina, e que o sistema de imagens de fluorescência, com os filtros empregados, trata-se de um método eficiente para avaliação da eficiência dos tratamentos propostos no surgimento das lesões de cárie radicular.

  

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