• IPEN-DOC 27726

  LOPEZ-SAUCEDO, FELIPE; FLORES-ROJAS, GUADALUPE G.; VARCA, JUSTINE P.R.O. ; VARCA, GUSTAVO H.C. ; BUCIO, EMILIO. Antimicrobial materials and devices for biomedical applications. In: UR-RAHMAN, ATTA (Ed.). Frontiers in Clinical Drug Research: Anti-Infectives. Singapore: Bentham Science Publishers, 2020. p. 78-126, v. 6, cap. 3. DOI: 10.2174/9789811425745120060005

  Abstract: Bioaccumulation in sanitary devices, caused by opportunistic pathogens, intervenes negatively in the recovery of a patient since these are able to provoke a mild or life-threatening infection. Thus, surfaces of certain materials such as gauzes, catheters, sutures, etc., which are adjacent or directly exposed to a healing zone, are prone to become sites for the growth, proliferation, and spread of pathogenic microorganisms. Although in surgical or healing processes, sterile materials are usually applied, the time of contact with biological interfaces is long enough to make the sterilization but not enough to control and prevent an infection since pathogens abound in the surroundings. Air, water, and soil can be potential vectors, without considering those factors related to iatrogenesis that also play a role in the opportunities for the patient's recovery. Within this context, engineered materials are currently being developed and explored towards devices and biomaterials with improved design, performance, duration, biocompatibility aiming to be safer for the user. The surface functionalization of materials with antimicrobial agents is a highlighted alternative to overcome this issue. This chapter addresses current antimicrobial materials, as well as strategies for obtaining antimicrobial surfaces and coating as well as their properties. In addition, the safety assessment of biomedical applications and international standards are discussed.

  

• IPEN-DOC 27693

  ABE, ALFREDO ; GIOVEDI, CLAUDIA ; MARTINS, M. . Neutronic screening of potential candidate for accident tolerant fuel. In: . Light Water Reactor Fuel Enrichment beyond the Five Per Cent Limit: Perspectives and Challenges. Resumo expandido... Vienna, Austria: International Atomic Energy Agency, 2020. (IAEA-TECDOC-1918 - Supplementary Files).

  

• IPEN-DOC 27692

  MELLO, S.R.C.; PINHEIRO, A.R.M.; FREIRE, L.O.; ANDRADE, D.A. . Economic evaluation of a mobile nuclear power plant using uranium over 5% enrichment. In: . Light Water Reactor Fuel Enrichment beyond the Five Per Cent Limit: Perspectives and Challenges. Vienna, Austria: International Atomic Energy Agency, 2020. (IAEA-TECDOC-1918 - Supplementary Files).

  Abstract: Moble nuclear power plants seem to be an interesting alternative to provide electric energy to isolated regions because the conventional electric network cannot reach isolated cities, islands, offshore and merchant ships. These reactors would be built over a floating barge that could go to client’s place. This new concept brings up new maintenance and operation issues, especially about autonomy and availability. This study evaluates economic advantages and limitations of using over 5% enrichment fuel on a mobile nuclear power plant (NPP). A supposed mobile NPP is taken as an example and used as calculation basis. An enrichment over 5% could better adjust the maintenance event periods, improving the plant availability, reducing operation costs and improving the competitiveness of this plant type. In addition to the high costs of the enrichment process, the fuel burnup limits and the maintenance activities restrict high levels of fuel enrichment. Therefore, this work suggests a fuel enrichment condition capable to conciliate both cost and performance for a supposed mobile NPP.

  

• IPEN-DOC 27691

  ABE, ALFREDO ; CARLUCCIO, THIAGO; PIOVEZAN, PAMELA; GIOVEDI, CLAUDIA; MARTINS, MARCELO R.. Preliminary neutronic assessment of iron based alloy fuel cladding. In: . Light Water Reactor Fuel Enrichment beyond the Five Per Cent Limit: Perspectives and Challenges. Vienna, Austria: International Atomic Energy Agency, 2020. (IAEA-TECDOC-1918 - Supplementary Files).

  Abstract: Nowadays two important nuclear fuel performance requirements have been addressed: high burnup in order to improve fuel cycle economic aspect and accident tolerant fuel to enhance the safety under accident condition. The accident tolerant fuel particularly becomes very important issue after Fukushima Daiichi nuclear accident in 2011. The initiatives of R&D program toward to accident tolerant fuel comprises different countries, organizations and including fuel vendors. The Accident Tolerant Fuel (ATF) can be defined as enhanced fuel which can tolerate loss of active cooling system capability for a considerably longer time period and the fuel/cladding system can be maintained without significant degradation and can also improve the fuel performance during normal operations and transients, as well as design-basis accident (DBA) and beyond design-basis (BDBA) accident. Different materials have been proposed as fuel cladding candidates considering thermo-mechanical properties and lower reaction kinetic with steam and slower hydrogen production, besides that an evaluation of the neutronic aspects for several cladding candidates is important and shall be evaluated. Depending of the outcome of this evaluation, the fuel enrichment level changes to higher than actual level shall be necessary to overcome the neutron absorption penalty. The aim of this work is to perform a preliminary neutronic assessment of fuel cladding based on iron alloy considering a standard PWR fuel rod (fuel pellet and dimension). The main purpose of the assessment is to quantify the penalty due to increase of neutron absorption in the cladding materials and some others fuel parameters are evaluated in order to overcome such penalty. In addition to neutronic assessment, the criticality safety aspects due to increase of fuel enrichment level are briefly presented and discussed.

  

• IPEN-DOC 27690

  PERINI, ALINE A. ; JAROSZEWSKI, CASSIANE R. ; MAGALHAES, ADRIANA B.V.B. ; FERREIRA, LETICIA H. ; RAMALHO, IRAIDES ; FREITAS, ANDERSON Z. . Entrepreneurial university and Its engagement in the triple helix system: roadmapping to leading innovation on early stage: the technology transfer office whole. In: ABU-TAIR, ABID (Ed.); LAHRECH, ABDELMOUNAIM (Ed.); AL MARRI, KHALID (Ed.); ABU-HIJLEH, BASSAM (Ed.). Proceedings of the II International Triple Helix Summit. Cham, Switzerland: Springer Nature Switzerland AG, 2020. p. 21-33, (Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 43). DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-23898-8_3

  Abstract: This paper presents as main contribution the standardization of complex areas in the development and empirical demonstration of a managerial roadmap tool applied to the TTO (Technological Transfer Office) scenario, which primary role is to anticipate trends in technological and innovative skills at the level of firm to meet the demands from smart cities solutions, among University engagement and Industry. Implementing roadmapping on early stage in innovation provides convergence in key-technologies at the Nuclear an Energy Research Institute, addressing structural, regional, institutional role in Intellectual Property and complementarities to development market front-to-end through chains in health, environment, food, agriculture, energy, chemistry, education, entertainment and arts in the context of the knowledge economy.

  

• IPEN-DOC 27685

  ZEZELL, DENISE M. ; ANA, PATRICIA A. da; BENETTI, CAROLINA; PEREIRA, DAISA de L. . Lasers e LEDs: mecanismos de interações com os tecidos biológicos. In: GARCIA, VALDIR G. (Ed.); THEODORO, LETICIA H. (Ed.). Lasers na Odontologia: Uma Visão Clínica Baseada em Evidências Científicas. São Paulo, SP: Santos Publicações, 2021. p. 9-15, cap. 2.

  

• IPEN-DOC 27684

  ZEZELL, DENISE M. ; PEREIRA, DAISA de L. ; BENETTI, CAROLINA. Princípios da Física aplicada ao uso dos lasers e LED. In: GARCIA, VALDIR G. (Ed.); THEODORO, LETICIA H. (Ed.). Lasers na Odontologia: Uma Visão Clínica Baseada em Evidências Científicas. São Paulo, SP: Santos Publicações, 2021. p. 1-8, cap. 1.

  

• IPEN-DOC 27683

  RICARDO, LUIZ F.F.; TOPPER, TIMOTHY H.; RICARDO, LUIZ C.H. ; MIRANDA, CARLOS A.J. . Crack propagation in the threshold stress intensity region a short review. In: CORREIA, JOSE A.F.O. (Ed.); JESUS, ABILIO M.P. de (Ed.); FERNANDES, ANTONIO A. (Ed.); CALÇADA, RUI (Ed.). Mechanical Fatigue of Metals. Cham, Switzerland: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2019. p. 175-180, cap. 23. (Structural Integrity, 7). DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-13980-3_23

  Abstract: This work presents a short review of fatigue crack propagation with emphasis on the parameters that influence the threshold stress intensity, ΔKth. This threshold value is dependent on such variables as the material itself, the test conditions, the R-ratio, the environment and crack closure. The crack geometry effects are discussed as well as some crack closure models. A discussion of other parameters that influence the threshold stress intensity regime including short crack thresholds and their respective models and their application will be the subject of a near-future review.

  

• IPEN-DOC 27680

  LI, FANG-YEN; WANG, SHENG-FAN; BERNARDES, EMERSON S. ; LIU, FU-TONG. Galectins in host defense against microbial infections. In: HSIEH, SHIE-LIANG (Ed.). Lectin in Host Defense Against Microbial Infections. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2020. p. 141-167, cap. 6. (Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, 1204). DOI: 10.1007/978-981-15-1580-4_6

  Abstract: Galectins are differentially expressed in a variety of cell types, including immune cells, and characterized by the affinity for β-galactoside–containing glycans. There are fifteen galectin members in mammals. Galectins are primarily located intracellularly, but can be secreted outside the cells. They exhibit pivotal roles during microbial infection, such as pathogen recognition and innate and adaptive immunity, and this review aims to discuss the functions of endogenous galectins during infection by four main types of microbes (bacteria, fungi, viruses, and parasites). Extracellular galectins are known to exert a bacteriostatic effect on some bacteria via association with bacterial glycans, whereas cytosolic galectins are recognized to control antibacterial autophagy by binding to luminal host glycans of ruptured endo-lysosomes. With regard to fungal infections, most studies deal with galectin-3. Galectin-3 modulates fungal burdens, the adaptive immune responses, and mortality in fungi-infected mice, which has been shown to be associated with its ability to manipulate fungicidal functions in neutrophils and cytokine expression in dendritic cells. Some viral infections, such as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and influenza virus infections, can be regulated by galectin-1 and -3, and they affect various aspects of viral infections, including viral binding, replication, budding, transmission, and infection-associated inflammation. Functions of galectins during a number of different parasitic infections have been identified in studies using galectin-knockout mice. Different parasitic infections have consistently demonstrated a role of galectins in tuning T helper immune responses in infected hosts.

  

• IPEN-DOC 27679

  SACHDEVA, MAHIMA; SMITH, RICARDO B. ; SACHDEVA, ASTHA. Moving ahead towards sustainable development-AHWR, an amicable approach for nuclear reactors. In: JAIN, VINOD K. (Ed.); RATTAN, SUNITA (Ed.); VERMA, ABHISHEK (Ed.). Recent Trends in Materials and Devices. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2020. p. 203-210, cap. 21. (Springer Proceedings in Physics, 256). DOI: 10.1007/978-981-15-8625-5_21

  Abstract: With a constant urge of digging the unraveled, India has come far ahead in taking an evolutionary step in the field of nuclear science. There has been a recent breakthrough in nuclear reactor advancements. India is using advanced heavy water reactors which function on thorium as one of its fuel components. It can be used in conjunction with plutonium or low enriched uranium. This has been a massive lead as it produces energy at commercial levels and leaves lesser residual actinides having long half-life and inert thorium oxide. This has optimized the energy production rate up to 50% with respect to its production of burnt fuels. This research focuses on bringing an insight on recent advancements in terms of researches and scientific projects that are being conducted in India and how its result would ascent with the current sustainability models such as “Green Chemistry”, a program developed two decades ago in United States and England which defines its requirement for efficient transformation of reagents in obtaining desired results. This revolutionary uplift in nuclear science must reach global acceptance and execution. Considering the ample resources nature earth has bestowed us with, Brazil has remained away from the thorium fueled reactor project studied 50 years ago and there is no light put towards any future research prospects either. Being the second largest reserve of thorium on the entire planet, AHWR can become a mass advantage if explored and taken into deeper accounts.

  

• IPEN-DOC 27633

  PIMENIDIS, JORGE A.; TERAM, ROGERIO; NASCIMENTO, MAURICIO S.; SANTOS, VINICIUS T. dos; SILVA, MARCIO R. da; COUTO, ANTONIO A. ; SANTOS, GIVANILDO A. dos. Análise do comportamento elétrico de ligas de alumínio obtidas por solidificação unidirecional. In: HOLZMANN, HENRIQUE A. (Org.). Resultados das pesquisas e inovações na área das engenharias 3. Ponta Grossa, PR: Atena, 2020. p. 11-22, cap. 2. DOI: 10.22533/at.ed.1332023112

  Abstract: O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar se a macroestrutura resultante de solidificação unidirecional influencia no comportamento elétrico da liga Al-6%Zn. O comportamento mecânico e elétrico de produtos industrializados, em muitas vezes significa dar garantias de durabilidade e solidez nas mais variadas aplicações de esforços e robustez de composição química. O ensaio de condutividade normalizado, norma técnica ASTM B193 – 02 (2014), utilizado neste trabalho é adotado industrialmente. O método de comparação dos resultados com a tabela de resistividade dos materiais foi adotado para análise dos resultados. Os resultados mostram que a macroestrutura resultante da solidificação praticamente não influencia na condutividade e resistividade elétrica da liga estudada.

  

• IPEN-DOC 27632

  CIPRIANO, ARIOVALDO M.; CRUZ, RICARDO A. da; TERAM, ROGERIO; NASCIMENTO, MAURICIO S.; SANTOS, VINICIUS T. dos; SILVA, MARCIO R. da; COUTO, ANTONIO A. ; SANTOS, GIVANILDO A. dos. Análise da influência do processo de solidificação unidirecional no comportamento elétrico da liga Cu-8,5%Sn. In: HOLZMANN, HENRIQUE A. (Org.). Resultados das pesquisas e inovações na área das engenharias 3. Ponta Grossa, PR: Atena, 2020. p. 1-10, cap. 1. DOI: 10.22533/at.ed.1332023111

  Abstract: O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar se as variáveis térmicas de solidificação influenciam ou não no comportamento elétrico da liga Cu-8,5%Sn. A liga foi solidificada em uma lingoteira de aço inoxidável AISI 304, montada em um dispositivo de resfriamento unidirecional ascendente. O ensaio de condutividade elétrica foi realizado pelo equipamento ponte de Wheatstone, que mede a resistividade elétrica, e com o medidor de condutividade obteve-se os valores em %IACS, conforme norma ASTM B193-02. Como resultados, notou-se que a condutividade elétrica não foi influenciada pelas variáveis térmicas de solidificação, obtendo-se valores de IACS praticamente constantes para a liga de cobre estudada.

  

• IPEN-DOC 27631

  COSTA, ROBSON S. ; ARAUJO, DANIELLE G. ; ANDRADE, MARCIO S. de; OLIVEIRA, RENE R. ; RANGARI, VIJAYA; MOURA, ESPERIDIANA A.B. ; DIAS, FRANCISCO V.. Production and characterization of PBAT reinforced with clay and graphene oxide nanosheets: a comparative study. In: LI, JIAN (Ed.); ZHANG, MINGMING (Ed.); LI, BOWEN (Ed.); MONTEIRO, SERGIO N. (Ed.); IKHMAYIES, SHADIA (Ed.); KALAY, YUNUS E. (Ed.); HWANG, JIANN-YANG (Ed.); ESCOBEDO-DIAZ, JUAN P. (Ed.); CARPENTER, JOHN S. (Ed.); BROWN, ANDREW D. (Ed.). Characterization of Minerals, Metals, and Materials. Cham, CZ, Switzerland: Springer Nature Switzerland AG, 2020. p. 689-699, (The Minerals, Metals & Materials Series). DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-36628-5_68

  Abstract: The poly (butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT), a biodegradable polymer, is among the most promising materials to be considered as environmentally friendly high performance biodegradable plastics. However, the mechanical properties of PBAT are not the best for several applications. According to the literature, the properties of the biodegradable polymer can be improved by addition of a small amount of nanofillers, such as clay, silica, and graphene. The objective of this study is to compare the effect of the addition of Cloisite clay and graphene oxide (GO) on the properties of flexible films based on PBAT matrix. The composite films based on PBAT with addition of Cloisite (2.0 wt%) and PBAT composite films with addition of Cloisite and GO (0.1–0.2 wt%) were prepared by extrusion, using a twin-screw extruder and a flat die single extruder. The effects of the addition of Cloisite clay and graphene oxide on mechanical and thermal properties of films were evaluated by mechanical and water absorption tests, FE-SEM, XRD, and Raman analysis.

  

• IPEN-DOC 27630

  OLIANI, WASHINGTON L. ; KOMATSU, LUIZ G.H. ; LUGAO, ADEMAR B. ; RANGARI, VIJAYA K.; PARRA, DUCLERC F. . Processing and characterization of polyethylene-AgNPs films: biocide effect. In: LI, JIAN (Ed.); ZHANG, MINGMING (Ed.); LI, BOWEN (Ed.); MONTEIRO, SERGIO N. (Ed.); IKHMAYIES, SHADIA (Ed.); KALAY, YUNUS E. (Ed.); HWANG, JIANN-YANG (Ed.); ESCOBEDO-DIAZ, JUAN P. (Ed.); CARPENTER, JOHN S. (Ed.); BROWN, ANDREW D. (Ed.). Characterization of Minerals, Metals, and Materials. Cham, CZ, Switzerland: Springer Nature Switzerland AG, 2020. p. 679-688, (The Minerals, Metals & Materials Series). DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-36628-5_67

  Abstract: Low-density-polyethylene (LDPE) and Linear-low-density-polyethylene (LLDPE) nanocomposites films containing silver nitrate (AgNO3) and surfactant oleic acid (AO) were manufactured via extrusion and subsequently characterised. The films were evaluated by scanning electronmicroscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDX), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Further, the antibacterial properties of the films were investigated against Escherichia coli (Gram-negative) and Staphylococcus aureus (Gram-positive) bacteria.The results indicated that LDPE nanocomposite films containing AgNPs have the potential to be used in antimicrobial packaging for food applications.

  

• IPEN-DOC 27629

  TAMURA, CAROLINE S. ; ARANTES, MARIANA ; CARMO, KARINA H.S. ; SANTOS, BIANCA S. ; OLIVEIRA, RENE R. ; MOURA, ESPERIDIANA A.B. . Mechanical and morphological properties of hybrid composites based on recycled LDPE/EVA blend reinforced with clay and babassu fiber residues. In: LI, JIAN (Ed.); ZHANG, MINGMING (Ed.); LI, BOWEN (Ed.); MONTEIRO, SERGIO N. (Ed.); IKHMAYIES, SHADIA (Ed.); KALAY, YUNUS E. (Ed.); HWANG, JIANN-YANG (Ed.); ESCOBEDO-DIAZ, JUAN P. (Ed.); CARPENTER, JOHN S. (Ed.); BROWN, ANDREW D. (Ed.). Characterization of Minerals, Metals, and Materials. Cham, CZ, Switzerland: Springer Nature Switzerland AG, 2020. p. 661-669, (The Minerals, Metals & Materials Series). DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-36628-5_65

  Abstract: Over the years the consumption of plastic products made of conventional polymers has produced a large amount of waste which has led to disposal problems worldwide. Among the alternatives to minimize these problems are reuse and recycling practices. Then, the recycling of plastic and the use of recycled materials to produce new materials reinforced with nanoparticles from natural resources can be an alternative to reduce inappropriate waste disposal. The objective of this study is to investigate the effects of the addition of clay and non-treated babassu fiber residues on the mechanical and morphological properties of composite based on recycled LDPE/EVA blend. Composite materials containing 1–3 wt% of babassu residues and 1 wt% of clay were prepared using a twin-screw extruder machine and flat die single extrusion process, in order to prepare hybrid composites sheets. The sheets prepared by recycled LDPE/EVA blend and its composites were characterized by tensile tests, XRD, and FE-SEM analysis and the correlation between properties was discussed.

  

• IPEN-DOC 27628

  BARTOLOMEI, MARCIO R.X. ; CARMO, KARINA H.S. ; SANTOS, BIANCA S. ; BARTOLOMEI, SUELLEN S. ; OLIVEIRA, RENE R. ; MOURA, ESPERIDIANA A.B. . Investigation on mechanical and thermal behaviours of PBAT/PLA blend reinforced with reduced graphene oxide nanosheets. In: LI, JIAN (Ed.); ZHANG, MINGMING (Ed.); LI, BOWEN (Ed.); MONTEIRO, SERGIO N. (Ed.); IKHMAYIES, SHADIA (Ed.); KALAY, YUNUS E. (Ed.); HWANG, JIANN-YANG (Ed.); ESCOBEDO-DIAZ, JUAN P. (Ed.); CARPENTER, JOHN S. (Ed.); BROWN, ANDREW D. (Ed.). Characterization of Minerals, Metals, and Materials. Cham, CZ, Switzerland: Springer Nature Switzerland AG, 2020. p. 631-639, (The Minerals, Metals & Materials Series). DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-36628-5_62

  Abstract: The aim of this study was to process and investigate the changes in the mechanical and morphological properties of the biodegradable nanocomposites based on polybutylene adipate-co-terephthalate (PBAT)/poly(lactic acid) (PLA) blend (PBAT/PLA blend) due to the incorporation of reduced graphene oxide (RGO) nanosheets. The biodegradable polymeric nanocomposites were prepared by melting extrusion process using a twin-screw extruder machine. The influence of the RGO nanosheets incorporation on mechanical and thermal properties of PBAT/PLA blend was investigated by tensile Thermogravimetric (TG), X-Ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and tensile test analysis. Results showed that incorporation of the small amount ofRGO(0.1wt.%) ofRGOnanosheets in the blend matrix of PBAT/PLA resulted in an important gain of mechanical properties of the blend. This result indicates that a very small amount of RGO nanosheets addition in the PBAT/PLA can lead to obtaining materials with superior properties suitable for several industrial applications.

  

• IPEN-DOC 27627

  BARTOLOMEI, S.S.; MOURA, E.A.B. ; WIEBECK, H.. Inhibition of flame propagation in nanocomposites with expanded polystyrene recycled clay, gypsum, and titanium dioxide. In: LI, JIAN (Ed.); ZHANG, MINGMING (Ed.); LI, BOWEN (Ed.); MONTEIRO, SERGIO N. (Ed.); IKHMAYIES, SHADIA (Ed.); KALAY, YUNUS E. (Ed.); HWANG, JIANN-YANG (Ed.); ESCOBEDO-DIAZ, JUAN P. (Ed.); CARPENTER, JOHN S. (Ed.); BROWN, ANDREW D. (Ed.). Characterization of Minerals, Metals, and Materials. Cham, CZ, Switzerland: Springer Nature Switzerland AG, 2020. p. 609-618, (The Minerals, Metals & Materials Series). DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-36628-5_60

  Abstract: The large amount of plastic waste found in the environment, landfills, and dumps boost research into the recycling of polymer materials, which could reduce the amount of polymer discarded. In Brazil, the sector that most consumes polymers is the civil construction that could consume recycled polymerswithout concerns with the properties due to applications of low mechanical exigency. However, for applications in this sector, it is necessary that the materials have some resistance to the propagation of flames. This work discusses the flame retardance in nanocomposites with recycled polystyrene matrix and particles of nanoargila, titanium dioxide, and gypsum. The results of the X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), field emission scanning electronmicroscopy (FE-SEM), and flammability test. The results showed that glycerol, added during recycling, can plasticize recycled expanded polystyrene while maintaining the flame resistance properties of the material with flame retardant. It can also be concluded that some particles may delay the propagation of the flame in the composite.

  

• IPEN-DOC 27626

  SANTOS, BIANCA S. ; INACIO, ANDRE L.N. ; BARTOLOMEI, SUELLEN S. ; SILVA, TAISE B.S. ; CARMO, KARINA L.S. ; OLIVEIRA, RENE R. ; MOURA, ESPERIDIANA A.B. . Influence of the reduced graphene oxide incorporation on properties of acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS). In: LI, JIAN (Ed.); ZHANG, MINGMING (Ed.); LI, BOWEN (Ed.); MONTEIRO, SERGIO N. (Ed.); IKHMAYIES, SHADIA (Ed.); KALAY, YUNUS E. (Ed.); HWANG, JIANN-YANG (Ed.); ESCOBEDO-DIAZ, JUAN P. (Ed.); CARPENTER, JOHN S. (Ed.); BROWN, ANDREW D. (Ed.). Characterization of Minerals, Metals, and Materials. Cham, CZ, Switzerland: Springer Nature Switzerland AG, 2020. p. 599-607, (The Minerals, Metals & Materials Series). DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-36628-5_59

  Abstract: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of incorporation of the reduced graphene oxide on properties of acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS). The incorporation of 0.5 and 1.5 wt% of RGO into ABS matrix was carried out by melting extrusion process using a twin-screw extruder and injection molding machine. The properties of ABS/RGO nanocomposite samples were investigated by tensile and impact Izod tests, FE-SEM, and XRD analysis. The results showed that the incorporation of small amount of RGO into ABS matrix led to obtaining of polymeric nanocomposite with superior mechanical properties when compared with original properties of ABS matrix.

  

• IPEN-DOC 27625

  TATEI, TATIANE Y. ; FONTES, ERIC H. ; MOREIRA, RENAN P. ; DIAS, FRANCISCO V.; OLIVEIRA, RENE R. ; RANGARI, VIJAYA; MOURA, ESPERIDIANA A.B. . Improvement properties of polypropylene by graphene oxide incorporation. In: LI, JIAN (Ed.); ZHANG, MINGMING (Ed.); LI, BOWEN (Ed.); MONTEIRO, SERGIO N. (Ed.); IKHMAYIES, SHADIA (Ed.); KALAY, YUNUS E. (Ed.); HWANG, JIANN-YANG (Ed.); ESCOBEDO-DIAZ, JUAN P. (Ed.); CARPENTER, JOHN S. (Ed.); BROWN, ANDREW D. (Ed.). Characterization of Minerals, Metals, and Materials. Cham, CZ, Switzerland: Springer Nature Switzerland AG, 2020. p. 581-589, (The Minerals, Metals & Materials Series). DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-36628-5_57

  Abstract: Due to the remarkable properties of graphene oxide (GO) and its possibility of functionalization,GOhas been used in many applications such as nanocomposites. GO nanosheets have been shown to improve the properties of the polypropylene (PP) matrix, for instance, its strength, gas barrier, thermal, and electrical conductivity. As PP has relatively low cost and varied applications, this work aims to study the changes in its thermal, morphological, and mechanical properties, due to the incorporation of GO in the PP matrix. GO was synthesized from graphite by a modified Hummers method. The nanocomposites PP/GO with 0.1, 0.2, and 0.3 wt% of GO in the PP matrix were obtained using a twin-screw extruder and an injection molding machine via a melt blending process. The nanocomposites PP/GO were characterized by FE-SEM and Izod impact test. In addition, the GO nanosheets were also characterized by Raman spectroscopy, ATR-FTIR, FE-SEM, and XRD, therewith correlation between properties was discussed.

  

• IPEN-DOC 27624

  MIRANDA, LEILA F. de; BARBOSA, ISABELLA T.F.; MASSON, TEREZINHA J.; MUNHOZ JUNIOR, ANTONIO H.; SILVA, LEONARDO G. de A. e ; GONÇALVES, ALEKSANDRA A.A.. Characterization of hydrogels for release of cosmetic assets containing nanoemulsions of mandellic acid in different concentrations of pseudoboehmite. In: LI, JIAN (Ed.); ZHANG, MINGMING (Ed.); LI, BOWEN (Ed.); MONTEIRO, SERGIO N. (Ed.); IKHMAYIES, SHADIA (Ed.); KALAY, YUNUS E. (Ed.); HWANG, JIANN-YANG (Ed.); ESCOBEDO-DIAZ, JUAN P. (Ed.); CARPENTER, JOHN S. (Ed.); BROWN, ANDREW D. (Ed.). Characterization of Minerals, Metals, and Materials. Cham, CZ, Switzerland: Springer Nature Switzerland AG, 2020. p. 477-489, (The Minerals, Metals & Materials Series). DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-36628-5_47

  Abstract: Hydrogel is a gel formed by a three-dimensional network of hydrophilic polymers that are used as advanced asset release systems with good biocompatibility. The use of ionizing radiation to obtain hydrogels promotes cross-linking with the concomitant sterilization of the hydrogels. Aiming at the release of the mandelic acid (an active cosmetic), hydrogels were prepared using different concentration of poly(N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone) (PVP), poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) and agar containing nanoparticles of the pseudoboehmite, mandelic acid and Palmarosa and Rosa Mosqueta oils nanoemulsions, submitted to irradiation dose of 25 kGy. Hydrogels containing 7.5 wt% PVP showed better absorption, slip, odor results, and those with 10 wt% PVP were found to be inadequate. Nanoemulsions were characterized by acidity, density and optical microscopy; hydrogels samples were put under isothermal dehydration with air entrainment and dehydration was examined as a function of time. The results showed that the composition of hydrogels is stable, and the increase of the concentration of pseudoboehmite in hydrogels sample containing Palmarosa oil suffers less dehydration and those containing the two oils showed an increase in dehydration. The hydrogels obtained with 7.5 wt% of PVP and 3 wt% of pseudoboehmite, Rosa Mosqueta vegetable oil and mandelic acid are most suitable to be used in cosmetic products.

  

• IPEN-DOC 27623

  KOMATSU, LUIZ G.H. ; OLIANI, WASHINGTON L. ; OLIVEIRA, CAMILA B. ; RANGARI, VIJAYA K.; PARRA, DUCLERC F. . Application of nanoparticles of ZnO and ZnO-doped-Ag in polymeric blend of HMSPP/SEBS for biocide activity. In: LI, JIAN (Ed.); ZHANG, MINGMING (Ed.); LI, BOWEN (Ed.); MONTEIRO, SERGIO N. (Ed.); IKHMAYIES, SHADIA (Ed.); KALAY, YUNUS E. (Ed.); HWANG, JIANN-YANG (Ed.); ESCOBEDO-DIAZ, JUAN P. (Ed.); CARPENTER, JOHN S. (Ed.); BROWN, ANDREW D. (Ed.). Characterization of Minerals, Metals, and Materials. Cham, CZ, Switzerland: Springer Nature Switzerland AG, 2020. p. 429-435, (The Minerals, Metals & Materials Series). DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-36628-5_41

  Abstract: In this study, the nanoparticles of Zinc oxide (ZnO) and Zinc oxide doped with Silver (ZnO/Ag) were synthesized in laboratory. The incorporation of these nanoparticles in the blend of high melt strength polypropylene (HMSPP) and styrene– ethylene/butadiene–styrene (SEBS) was carried by melt processing. The obtained materials were evaluated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman Spectroscopy, Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), biocidal tests against the bacteria Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. The nanoparticles showed size between 150 and 200 nm and spherical form. HMSPP/SEBS/AgNPs/ZnO films incorporated with the nanoparticles have demonstrated biocidal effect against the bacteria E. coli and S. aureus when irradiated at 12.5 kGy.

  

• IPEN-DOC 27622

  SOARES, CARLOS ; SANTANA, JULYANA ; GUVEN, OLGUN; MOURA, ESPERIDIANA A.B. . A comparison between graphene oxide and reduced graphene oxide as reinforcement agents in polypropylene nanocomposite using irradiated polypropylene as compatibilizer. In: LI, JIAN (Ed.); ZHANG, MINGMING (Ed.); LI, BOWEN (Ed.); MONTEIRO, SERGIO N. (Ed.); IKHMAYIES, SHADIA (Ed.); KALAY, YUNUS E. (Ed.); HWANG, JIANN-YANG (Ed.); ESCOBEDO-DIAZ, JUAN P. (Ed.); CARPENTER, JOHN S. (Ed.); BROWN, ANDREW D. (Ed.). Characterization of Minerals, Metals, and Materials. Cham, CZ, Switzerland: Springer Nature Switzerland AG, 2020. p. 385-394, (The Minerals, Metals & Materials Series). DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-36628-5_36

  Abstract: Graphene is thematerial with the bestmechanical resistance ever encountered. Various types of studies have been carried out on possible applications. The use as a reinforcement in nanocomposites has shown to be a promising field, but some studies indicate that the graphene oxide (GO) and reduced graphene oxide (RGO) have better results as reinforcement, due to the functional groups,which allowa better adhesion with the matrix. This study analyzes the production of polypropylene (PP) nanocomposite comparing the use of graphene oxide (GO) and reduced graphene oxide (RGO) as fillers and irradiated polypropylene as a coupling agent.Atwin-screw extruder and injection molding machine were used to produce the nanocomposite PP reinforced with 0.2 wt% of GO and RGO by melt blending. The GO and RGO were characterized byXRDanalysis.The nanocomposite sampleswere characterized by XRD, SEM, TG, DSC and mechanical test.

  

• IPEN-DOC 27621

  COSTA, ROBSON S. ; MOURA, ESPERIDIANA A.B. . A bibliometric analysis of the strategy and performance measurement of the polymer matrix nanomaterials development scenario globally, and the participation of Brazil. In: LI, JIAN (Ed.); ZHANG, MINGMING (Ed.); LI, BOWEN (Ed.); MONTEIRO, SERGIO N. (Ed.); IKHMAYIES, SHADIA (Ed.); KALAY, YUNUS E. (Ed.); HWANG, JIANN-YANG (Ed.); ESCOBEDO-DIAZ, JUAN P. (Ed.); CARPENTER, JOHN S. (Ed.); BROWN, ANDREW D. (Ed.). Characterization of Minerals, Metals, and Materials. Cham, CZ, Switzerland: Springer Nature Switzerland AG, 2020. p. 329-342, (The Minerals, Metals & Materials Series). DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-36628-5_31

  Abstract: Extensive studies have been conducted worldwide on the strategy for the development of nanomaterials. One of the known strategies for this has aroused interest in the market is the incorporation of the nanoparticles, extracted from the residues in thematrices of the polymers for the production of environmentally correct nanocomposites. This work presents a survey of the scientific knowledge of nanomaterials of the polymer matrix and a panoramic view of the evolution of these nanomaterials are subject, in order to meet the criteria of sustainable development due to the environmental concerns. This study also intends to use bibliometric tools to database acquisition and analysis of bibliographic reviews for an evaluation of the scenarios in the world on the development of polymeric nanomaterials based on three different classes of polymeric nanocomposites: polymer/clay; polymer/graphene, and polymer/nanocellulose nanocomposites.

  

• IPEN-DOC 27447

  TERAM, ROGERIO; SANTOS, GIVANILDO A. dos; NASCIMENTO, MAURICIO S.; COUTO, ANTONIO A. ; SANTOS, VINICIUS T. dos; SILVA, MARCIO R. da. Influência do espaçamento dendrítico secundário na dureza da liga Cu-14Al-5Ni-5Fe obtida por solidificação unidirecional. In: TULLIO, FRANCIELE B.M. (Org.). Engenharia na prática: importância teórica e tecnológica. Ponta Grossa, PR: Atena, 2020. p. 199-210, cap. 19. DOI: 10.22533/at.ed.08820240819

  Abstract: O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar a influência dos espaçamentos dendríticos secundários na dureza da liga Cu-14Al-5Ni- 5Fe após o processo de solidificação. A liga foi solidificada em um dispositivo de solidificação direcional ascendente sendo o calor extraído através de refrigeração à água em uma base de aço SAE 1020. As medições dos espaçamentos dendríticos secundários foram obtidas por meio de microscopia óptica com software acoplado. As variáveis térmicas de solidificação como velocidade de deslocamento da isoterma liquidus (VL) e taxa de resfriamento (TR) foram avaliadas em função da distância da superfície de extração de calor. A dureza e os espaçamentos dendríticos secundários foram correlacionados com as posições dos termopares devidamente dispostos no lingote. Em função dos resultados obtidos, conclui-se que maiores taxas de resfriamento apresentam espaçamentos dendríticos secundários mais refinados que propiciam maiores valores de dureza.

  

• IPEN-DOC 27347

  LIMA, MARIANA ; BONTURIM, EVERTON ; ANDREOLI, MARCO ; LIMA, NELSON B. de ; SEO, EMILIA S.M. . Obtenção e caracterização de BaxSr1-xCoyFe1-yO3±δ para preparação de camada funcional do eletrodo catódico das células a combustível do tipo IT-SOFC. In: HOLZMANN, HENRIQUE A. (Org.); DALLAMUTA, JOÃO (Org.); MAZUR, VIVIANE T. (Org.). As engenharias e seu papel no desenvolvimento autossustentado. Ponta Grossa, PR: Atena, 2020. p. 294, cap. 19. DOI: 10.22533/at.ed.46620300619

  Abstract: A demanda mundial por energia elétrica é uma tendência crescente, desta maneira há necessidade de diversificar e buscar por novas matrizes energéticas. Insere-se neste contexto, as células a combustível de Óxido Sólido de Temperatura Intermediária (Intermediate Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells - IT-SOFC), que converte diretamente a energia de reações químicas em água e em energia elétrica e também em energia térmica (calor). As células a combustível do tipo IT-SOFC por utilizarem materiais cerâmicos em sua concepção, são capazes de suportarem temperaturas até 800ºC e sem perderem suas propriedades físicas, químicas, elétricas e microestruturais. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo a síntese e a caracterização do material particulado de BaxSr1-xCoyFe1- yO3±δ – BSCF (variando os valores de x iguais a 0,4; 0,6 e 0,5), visando sua utilização para fabricação de componente catódico de IT-SOFC. O particulado de BSCF foi obtido por meio do método de complexação por EDTA – Citratos, que consiste nas reações de estado sólido e reações em fase líquida. A reação em fase líquida consiste no processo de complexação em que os agentes quelantes atraem os íons metálicos presentes na solução precursora. A caracterização do material particulado BSCF foi realizada por difração de raios X (DRX), Espectroscopia de raios X por energia dispersiva (EDS), Análise Química por Fluorescência de raios X (identificação dos elementos constituintes na composição), Análise de Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura - MEV (observação de morfologia e do tipo de aglomeração das partículas), e Picnometria por Gás Hélio (medidas de densidade real) e BET. Os resultados da caracterização dos particulados para a confecção do material catódico do BSCF apresentaram adequados para fabricação de componente catódico de IT-SOFC.

  

• IPEN-DOC 27302

  TAKINAMI, PATRICIA Y.I. ; UEHARA, VANESSA B. ; TEIXEIRA, BRUNA S. ; MASTRO, NELIDA L. del . Radiation, Plant Proteins and Sustainability. In: BADSHAH, MALIK (Ed.). Prime Archives in Biosciences. Hyderabad, India: Vide Leaf, 2020. DOI: 10.37247/PABsc.1.2020.8

  

• IPEN-DOC 27108

  MONTEIRO, W.A. ; BUSO, S.J.; SILVA, L.V. da . Application of magnesium alloys in transport. In: MONTEIRO, WALDEMAR A. (Ed.). New Features on Magnesium Alloys. London, UK: IntechOpen, 2012. p. 1-14, cap. 7. DOI: 10.5772/48273

  

• IPEN-DOC 27104

  SANTOS, G.A. dos; FIGUEIREDO, W.; SCHMITT, Y.P.; NASCIMENTO, M.S.; MIRANDA, F.; BATALHA, G.F.; COUTO, A.A. . Study on closed-die forging in stainless steel as standard ASTM F138 in grain size function. In: ÖCHSNER, ANDREAS (Ed.); ALTENBACH, HOLM (Ed.). Engineering Design Applications II: Structures, Materials and Processes. Cham, Switzerland: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2020. p. 133-153, (Advanced Structured Materials, 113). DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-20801-1_10

  Abstract: Forging is a bulk deformation process in metal working commonly employed in the manufacture of metallic materials prostheses. Depending on the compressive loads applied to the material, structures (grain sizes) are formed which increase its strength. By forging an ASTM F138 stainless steel, the heating of material in a suitable temperature is of fundamental importance to be formed without the presence of folds arising from the process and as a result we can obtain a proper microstructure. This work aims to define the accurate temperature in relation to the strain rate applied in the hot die forging process. Besides, it is used a closed-die forging in which cavity has different thickness that stimulates the profile of an orthopedic plate. Four ranges of temperature used in the process vary between 1000 and 1200 °C, with a strain rate ranging from 400 to 600 s−1.Results demonstrate that there is a transitional temperature close to 1050 °C, where temperatures of 1000–1040 °C provide satisfactory grain size and temperatures of 1100 and 1200 °C, showed limitations in grain size, greater than those recommended by ASTM F 621.

  

• IPEN-DOC 26941

  FREIRE, ANA P. . A divulgação da ciência na era digital. In: JACOBI, PEDRO R. (Org.); GRANDISOLI, EDSON (Org.); COUTINHO, SONIA M.V. (Org.); MAIA, ROBERTA de A. (Org.); TOLEDO, RENATA F. de (Org.). Temas atuais em Mudanças Climáticas para os Ensinos Fundamental e Médio. 1 ed.. São Paulo, SP: IEE - USP, 2015. p. 87-91, cap. 1. DOI: 10.11606/9788586923418

  

• IPEN-DOC 26940

  MASTRO, NELIDA L. del . Radiation influence on edible materials. In: MONTEIRO, WALDEMAR A. (Ed.). Radiation Effects in Materials. London, UK: IntechOpen, 2016. p. 161-178, cap. 7. DOI: 10.5772/62430

  Abstract: Innovations in the food industry are shaped both by new technologies available and by society’s requirements. A good knowledge on the chemistry and biological role of the macro-nutrients (proteins, carbohydrates, lipids and also energy and water) and micronutrients (minerals and vitamins) is required. Food production foundations include not only the design of the food products but also the materials, mechanics, ingredients, conversion and transformation all must be taken into consideration. Edible polymers are polymeric materials that can be easily consumed by human beings or lower animals in whole or part via the oral cavity and given harmless effect to the health. An edible polymer is originated from natural products such as polysaccharides, proteins and lipids, with the addition of plasticizers and surfactants. Radiation-processing technologies are used currently for numerous applications of commercial and economic importance, but it is an emerging application with the use of ionizing radiation to enhance properties of edible polymers such as carbohydrates or proteins. This chapter aims at supplying the state of the art about the effects of ionizing radiation on edible polymers: starch and vegetal proteins and also on gelatin that comes from animal origin.

  

• IPEN-DOC 26939

  BORGES, ROGER; GENOVA, LUIS A. ; MARCHI, JULIANA. Microspheres for bone regeneration. In: FRACETO, LEONARDO F. (Ed.); ARAUJO, DANIELE R. de (Ed.). Microspheres: Technologies, Applications and Role in Drug Delivery Systems. Hauppauge, New York, USA: Nova Science Publishers, 2015. p. 161-180, cap. 6.

  Abstract: Nowadays, with global population aging and habits, cases of fracture, wear and bone loss have constantly concerned health authorities. As an alternative for the recovery of such patients and the promotion of better living conditions, there is a pressing need for development of biomaterials that can successfully replace or regenerate bone tissue. In this research area, microespheres deserve great attention due their unique properties. The specific material and the characteristics of the microspheres to be used for bone regeneration depend on each specific situation, taking into account aspects such as bone characteristics, injury size and selection of the most appropriate technique for such treatment. Generally, microspheres can act as a scaffold for the temporary or permanent filling of the injured area, or may act as a controlled drug delivery system. Moreover, the microspheres can simultaneously fulfill both functions. In this chapter, an overall view of bone tissue is presented, including the structure and functions. The main aspects of bone regeneration are briefly discussed, considering its fracture self-repairing mechanisms through reabsorption and deposition of the mineralized matrix process. When such mechanisms are not enough to provide full recovery, tissue regeneration strategies for such repairs are presented, highlighting the use of biomaterials and specifically microspheres. Finally, some examples of microsphere application to different situations related to the bone regeneration process are discussed.

  

• IPEN-DOC 26938

  SANTOS, VERONICA M.S.; SUSSA, FÁBIO V. ; GONÇALEZ, EDLAYNE; SILVA, PAULO S.C. ; FELICIO, JOANA D.. Comparative study of the essential oil effects on the Aspergillus flavus growth. In: PETERS, MIRANDA (Ed.). Essential Oils: Historical Significance, Chemical Composition, and Medicinal Uses and Benefits. Hauppauge, New York, USA: Nova Science Publishers, 2016. p. 139-152, cap. 8.

  Abstract: Essential oils of plant species have shown activity against a variety of pathogenic and toxigenic fungi. The toxigenic fungi can cause a lot of damage to food commodities, including mycotoxin production. The presence of molds and mycotoxins in food commodities is a potential risk to health of humans and livestock. The aflatoxins, mutagenic and carcinogenic substances, are mycotoxins produced especially by Aspergillus flavus and A. parasiticus. This work reports the comparative effects of the three essential oils leaves on growth of A. flavus and their chemical constitutions. The essential oils of Peperomia pellucida, Leunurus sibiricus and Porophyllum ruderale were obtained by hydrodistillation in a Clevenger-type apparatus, and their effects were evaluated in A. flavus culture. A. flavus growth was evaluated by disk diffusion assay. Filter paper disks containing 0.0, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5, and 10.0 μL of essential oils were used, and commercial fungicide was the positive control. All volumes of the three essential oils reduced the fungal growth when compared with that of the control (p < 0.05). The essential oil of P. ruderale showed the greatest inhibition effect. L. sibiricus essential oil showed fungicidal effect greater than that of P. pellucida essential oil (p < 0.05). The chemical composition of the essential oils used was determined by GC-MS analysis. The use of essential oils with lower toxicity than those from synthetic products can be a good alternative to A. flavus control.

  

• IPEN-DOC 26721

  MORAES, MARCIA C.D. de; MORAES, PAULO N.L. de; ZEZELL, DENISE M. . aPDT em cirurgia de sinus lift e instalação imediata de implantes na presença de fístula oroantral. In: BRUGNERA JUNIOR, ALDO (Coord.); ZANIN, FATIMA (Coord.); NAMOUR, SAMIR (Coord.); SHIBLI, JAMIL A. (Coord.). Laser em odontologia: de clínico para clínico. São Paulo, SP: VW Cultural, 2019. p. 256-262, cap. 27.

  

• IPEN-DOC 26720

  ZEZELL, DENISE M. ; SILVA JUNIOR, DANIEL S. da; MOTA, CLAUDIA C.B. de O.. Correção minimamente invasiva do sorriso. In: BRUGNERA JUNIOR, ALDO (Coord.); ZANIN, FATIMA (Coord.); NAMOUR, SAMIR (Coord.); SHIBLI, JAMIL A. (Coord.). Laser em odontologia: de clínico para clínico. São Paulo, SP: VW Cultural, 2019. p. 230-237, cap. 24.

  

• IPEN-DOC 26717

  MORAES, LETICIA P.R. ; MEI, JUN; FONSECA, FABIO C. ; SUN, ZIQI. Two-dimensional metal oxide nanomaterials for sustainable energy applications. In: ZAFEIRATOS, SPYRIDON (Ed.). 2D Nanomaterials for Energy Applications. Amsterdam, Netherlands: Elsevier, 2020. p. 39-72, cap. 2. DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-12-816723-6.00002-2

  

• IPEN-DOC 26716

  CARNEIRO NETO, ALBANO N.; TEOTONIO, ERCULES E.S.; SA, GILBERTO F. de; BRITO, HERMI F.; LEGENDZIEWICZ, JANINA; CARLOS, LUIS D.; FELINTO, MARIA C.F.C. ; GAWRYSZEWSKA, PAULA; MOURA JUNIOR, RENALDO T.; LONGO, RICARDO L.; FAUSTINO, WAGNER M.; MALTA, OSCAR L.. Modeling intramolecular energy transfer in lanthanide chelates: a critical review and recent advances. In: BUNZLI, JEAN-CLAUDE G. (Ed.); PECHARSKY, VITALIJ K. (Ed.). Handbook on the Physics and Chemistry of Rare Earths. Amsterdam, Netherlands: North-Holland, 2019. p. 55-162, v. 56, cap. 310. DOI: 10.1016/bs.hpcre.2019.08.001

  

• IPEN-DOC 26715

  VILLIBOR, FERNANDA F.; GUILHEN, SABINE N. ; DANTAS, ELIZABETH S.K. ; PIRES, MARIA A.F. . Mercury exposure among dental staff in the Legal Amazon. In: CATAPAN, EDILSON A. (Org.). Ciências da saúde: conceitos e perspectivas. São José dos Pinhais, PR: Brazilian Journals Editora, 2019. p. 198-211, v. 1, cap. 14.

  Abstract: Elemental mercury is highly toxic and may be absorbed by dental professionals through direct skin contact or inhalation. The use of mercury in dental amalgam has been a concern of the academic community for years, for its incorporation is likely to affect vital organ systems. Several studies have been conducted to address the possible risks of occupational exposure to mercury vapor in dental offices. The present study aimed to present evidences that mercury is assimilated by exposed workers through the determination of urinary mercury (HgU) from dental professionals (n = 91) of public offices in Araguaína (Tocantins, Brazil). This uptake was verified against samples from unexposed individuals (n = 43), which activities are not dentistry related. Cold vapor atomic absorption spectrometry (CV-AAS) technique enabled the subjects’ biological monitoring. Approximately 44.8% (n = 60) of the 134 participants were aged between 21 and 30 years and were at the beginning of their professional lives; 9.7% (13) of the study participants were men and 90.3% (121) were women. Hg concentrations in all samples analyzed were within the maximum biological limit set by the World Health Organization (WHO) (<50 μgHg·L−1). HgU concentrations in dental professionals were within the limits proposed by the Brazilian regulatory standard, Regulatory Norm-7 (RN-7) (≤35 μgHg·g−1 creatinine). Nevertheless, the average concentration of HgU was approximately 8 times higher in the potentially exposed group (5.61 μgHg·g−1 creatinine) than in the unexposed group (0.65 μgHg·g−1 creatinine), highlighting the potential risk of occupational exposure to mercury.

  

• IPEN-DOC 26713

  ORTIZ, NILCE . Green water treatment for pharmaceutical pollution. In: EYVAZ, MURAT (Ed.). Green Chemistry Applications. London, UK: IntechOpen, 2019. p. 1-21, cap. 5. DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.85116

  Abstract: Environmental sustainability demands the advancement in water treatment and the use of lighting natural resources. Brazil has one of the most stable and intense solar irradiation in the world. It has to be used not only for energy generation purposes but also and mostly for water treatment, water quality polishment, and furthermore water disinfection. The chapter performs a comparison of different green technologies for water treatment as natural solar irradiation, simulated solar photolysis, solar photo-Fenton with and without hydrogen peroxide addition (solar/ Fe), solar photo-Fenton with and without peroxide (solar/Fe/H2O2), titanium oxide-mediated photocatalysis (UV/TiO2), photolysis under UV irradiation, and UV treatment with hydrogen peroxide (UV/H2O2). The chapter describes the solar photodecomposition calculations for pharmaceuticals and the emerging pollutants mostly found in polluted waters, including the decomposition route, kinetics, and process parameters. Many published works to point out the important properties to evaluate catalyzer and semiconductor materials after their use in photodecomposition processes. The essay includes the solar photodecomposition of dyes, carbamazepine, hormones, acetaminophen, antipyrine, bisphenol A, antibiotics, and the photodecomposition by-products. Finally, the chapter presents the synergistic effect between them with the probable mechanism and mineralization degree.

  

• IPEN-DOC 26712

  FREITAS, ARTUR C. de ; SANSONE, ALBERTO E. dos S.; DURAZZO, MICHELANGELO ; CARVALHO, ELITA F.U. de . Densificação do combustível nuclear UO2-Er2O3 fabricado por mistura a seco. In: ANDRADE, DARLY F. (Ed.). Engenharia no Século XXI. Belo Horizonte, MG: Poisson, 2019. p. 38-46, v. 5, cap. 5. DOI: 10.5935/978-85-7042-121-0

  Abstract: A rota de mistura mecânica a seco é o processo mais atrativo para realizar incorporação de absorvedores devido à sua simplicidade. Utilizando esta rota, o presente trabalho investigou o comportamento de sinterização do combustível misto UO2-Er2O3. A sinterização de combustível UO2-Er2O3 ocorreu com dois estágios nas curvas de taxa de retração, chamado de bloqueio de sinterização, também visto na sinterização do combustível UO2-Gd2O3. As partículas de óxido de érbio solubilizam na matriz de UO2, deixando um poro característico e um gradiente de concentração ao redor, causado pelo efeito Kirkendall. Estes resultados confirmam que a sinterabilidade depende diretamente da qualidade da homogeneização dos pós, como visto na literatura.

  

• IPEN-DOC 26711

  ABE, ALFREDO ; SILVA, ANTONIO T. e ; GIOVEDI, CLAUDIA; MELO, CAIO; GOMES, DANIEL de S. ; MUNIZ, RAFAEL R.. Development and application of modified fuel performance code based on stainless steel as cladding under steady state, transient and accident conditions. In: . Fuel Modelling in Accident Conditions (FUMAC). Vienna, Austria: International Atomic Energy Agency, 2019. p. 55-81, (IAEA-TECDOC-1889 - ANNEX II).

  Abstract: The IPEN/CNEN proposal for FUMAC-CRP was to modified fuel performance codes (FRAPCON and FRAPTRAN) in order to assess the behavior of fuel rod using stainless steel as cladding and compare to zircaloy cladding performance under steady state and accident condition. The IFA 650- 9, IFA-650-10 and UFA-650-11experiments were modelled to perform the LOCA accident simulation considering the original cladding and compared to stainless steel cladding.

  

• IPEN-DOC 26710

  LIMA, SAMIA R.M. ; FAUSTINO, MAINARA G. ; SANTOS, EDDY B. dos ; SILVA, TATIANE B.S.C. da ; PIRES, MARIA A.F. ; COTRIM, MARYCEL E.B. . Caracterização das frações de fósforo no sedimento superficial dos rios Aracaí, Carambeí e Guaçu na cidade de São Roque/SP. In: MACHADO, FELIPE S. (Org.); MOURA, ALOYSIO S. de (Org.). Educação, Meio Ambiente e Território 3. Ponta Grossa, PR: Atena Editora, 2019. p. 123-136, v. 3, cap. 12. DOI: 10.22533/at.ed.442192102

  Abstract: O fósforo é um elemento essencial para todas as formas de vida na Terra, podendo ser introduzido no ambiente aquático através de fontes naturais ou antropogênicas. A avaliação deste elemento em ecossistemas aquáticos é de suma importância, uma vez que ele atua na regulação da produtividade primária. Logo, este trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar a distribuição e fracionamento do fósforo nos sedimentos dos principais rios do Município de São Roque a fim de verificar a contribuição do fósforo no processo de eutrofização, além dos demais impactos antrópicos que possam implicar na qualidade das águas dos rios da região. Para tanto, foram avaliados 5 pontos amostrais e determinadas as concentração de fósforo, juntamente com os parâmetros físico-químicos (granulometria, pH, e matéria orgânica). Os teores de sedimentos finos e de matéria orgânica foram os principais parâmetros ambientais correlacionados com as frações de fósforo. O método analítico utilizado foi o Protocolo desenvolvido pelo Standards, Measurements and Testing (SMT), que fracionou o fósforo nos sedimentos em total (PT), inorgânico (PI), orgânico (PO), não apatítico (PINA) e apatítico (PIA). Foi verificado eu as maiores concentrações ocorreram nos sedimentos do ponto G4 com 456,9 mg kg-1 para PT e que os teores de PI foram maiores que os de PO na maioria dos pontos.

  

• IPEN-DOC 26709

  NUNEZ, SILVIA C.; BAPTISTA, ALESSANDRA; RIBEIRO, MARTHA S. . Terapia fotodinâmica antimicrobiana: aplicação clínica, conceitos e perspectivas em odontologia. In: NUNEZ, SILVIA C. (Ed.); RIBEIRO, MARTHA S. (Ed.); GARCEZ, AGUINALDO S. (Ed.). PDT - Terapia Fotodinâmica Antimicrobiana na Odontologia. 2 ed.. Rio de Janeiro: Elsevier, 2019. p. 149-158, cap. 14.

  

• IPEN-DOC 26708

  MIYAKAWA, WALTER; RIBEIRO, MARTHA S. . Métodos de microscopia para a análise do efeito antimicrobiano da terapia fotodinâmica. In: NUNEZ, SILVIA C. (Ed.); RIBEIRO, MARTHA S. (Ed.); GARCEZ, AGUINALDO S. (Ed.). PDT - Terapia Fotodinâmica Antimicrobiana na Odontologia. 2 ed.. Rio de Janeiro: Elsevier, 2019. p. 139-148, cap. 13.

  

• IPEN-DOC 26707

  TEDESCO, ANTONIO C.; RIBEIRO, MARTHA S. ; PAULA, LEONARDO B. de. Novas tecnologias em fotossensibilizadores para a terapia fotodinâmica. In: NUNEZ, SILVIA C. (Ed.); RIBEIRO, MARTHA S. (Ed.); GARCEZ, AGUINALDO S. (Ed.). PDT - Terapia Fotodinâmica Antimicrobiana na Odontologia. 2 ed.. Rio de Janeiro: Elsevier, 2019. p. 43-53, cap. 5.

  

• IPEN-DOC 26706

  SABINO, CAETANO P.; RIBEIRO, MARTHA S. . Dosimetria na terapia fotodinâmica antimicrobiana. In: NUNEZ, SILVIA C. (Ed.); RIBEIRO, MARTHA S. (Ed.); GARCEZ, AGUINALDO S. (Ed.). PDT - Terapia Fotodinâmica Antimicrobiana na Odontologia. 2 ed.. Rio de Janeiro: Elsevier, 2019. p. 23-32, cap. 3.

  

• IPEN-DOC 26705

  FAINTUCH, BLUMA L. ; FAINTUCH, SALOMAO. Nanotheranostics in oncology and drug development for imaging and therapy. In: FAINTUCH, JOEL (Ed.); FAINTUCH, SALOMAO (Ed.). Precision Medicine for Investigators, Practitioners and Providers. London, UK: Academic Press, 2020. p. 453-458, cap. 44. DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-12-819178-1.00044-7

  

• IPEN-DOC 26704

  FUNGARO, DENISE A. ; ROVANI, SUZIMARA ; BERTOLINI, THARCILA C.R. ; FILHO, FLAMARION F. . Removal of Crystal Violet dye from aqueous solution using ash-based adsorbent materials. In: DUFFET, VICTOR (Ed.). Crystal Violet: Production, Applications and Precautions. Hauppauge, NY, USA: Nova Science Publishers, 2019. p. 1-40, cap. 3.

  Abstract: Crystal Violet (CV) is widely used for various purposes and enters into the aquatic systems from the effluents of textile, paint, medical and biotechnological industries. A considerable amount of this dye is lost during manufacturing and processing operations. Contaminated wastewater containing CV must be treated before releasing in the environment because it is highly cytotoxic and carcinogenic to mammalian cells, present mitotic poisoning nature and is nonbiodegradable being classified as a recalcitrant molecule. This chapter reports the removal of CV dye from water using surfactant-modified zeolite from coal fly ash (MZSF), surfactant-modified zeolite from coal bottom ash (MZSB) and nanosilica from sugarcane waste ash (SiO2NP). The adsorbent materials were characterized to obtain chemical and mineralogical composition and others physicochemical properties. The adsorption kinetic of CV onto adsorbents was discussed using the pseudo-first order, pseudo-second order, and Elovich models. The Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models were used to describe the equilibrium adsorption data. The maximum adsorption capacities were 36.7 mg g-1 and 21.1 mg g-1 for CV/MZSF and CV/MZSB, respectively. The adsorption process of CV/SiO2NP achieves equilibrium in 60 min of contact time, and the maximum adsorption capacity was 117.98 mg g-1. Application of the adsorbent materials synthesized from agricultural waste and coal combustion products can ensure the sustainability and cost-effectiveness of treating effluent containing CV dye, especially effluent from the textile industries generated in large quantity.

  

• IPEN-DOC 26703

  CARDOSO, ELIZABETH C.L. ; PARRA, DUCLERC F. ; SCAGLIUSI, SANDRA R. ; SALES, RICARDO M. ; CAVIQUIOLI, FERNANDO ; LUGAO, ADEMAR B. . Study of bio-based foams prepared from PBAT/PLA reinforced with bio-calcium carbonate and compatibilized with gamma radiation. In: ALMAYAHI, BASIM (Ed.). Use of Gamma Radiation Techniques in Peaceful Applications. London, UK: IntechOpen, 2019. p. 1-17, cap. 9. DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.85462

  Abstract: Foamed polymers are future materials, considered “green materials” due to their properties with very low consumption of raw materials; they can be used to ameliorate appearance of structures besides contributing for thermal and acoustic insulation. Nevertheless, waste disposal has generated about 20–30% of total of solid volume in landfills besides prejudicing flora and fauna by uncontrolled disposal. The development of biodegradable polymers aims to solve this problem, considering that in 2012, bio-plastics market was evaluated in 1.4 million tons produced and in 2017 attained 6.2 million tons. Biodegradable polymers as poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) are thermoplastics which can be processed using the most conventional polymer processing methods. PLA is high in strength and modulus but brittle, while PBAT is flexible and tough. In order to reduce interfacial tension exhibited by PLA/PBAT blends, it was used as compatibilizing agent 5 phr of PLA previously gamma-radiated at 150 kGy. Ionizing radiation induces compatibilization by free radicals, improving the dispersion and adhesion of blend phases, without using chemical additives and at room temperature. As a reinforcement agent, calcium carbonate from avian eggshell waste was used, at 10 ph of micro particles, 125 μm. Admixtures were further processed in a singlescrew extruder, using CO2 as physical blowing agent (PBA). Property investigations were performed by DSC, TGA, XRD, SEM, FTIR, and mechanical essays.

  

• IPEN-DOC 26702

  DIAS, RENAN A.F. ; MONTEIRO, WALDEMAR A. . Análise de textura da LIGA 600 após processamento por ECAP e tratamentos térmicos. In: ANDRADE, DARLY F. (Ed.). Engenharia no Século XXI. Belo Horizonte, MG: Poisson, 2019. p. 112-119, v. 7, cap. 13. DOI: 10.36229/978-85-7042-161-6.CAP.13

  Abstract: A difração de raios X é uma importante técnica de caracterização de materiais metálicos, ela pode ser utilizada para análise qualitativa, revelando as fases e a estrutura cristalina, ou quantitativa, podendo revelar composição, tamanho de grão (cristalito) e orientação preferencial (textura). Neste trabalho foi analisada a textura cristalográfica (deformação e recozimento) da superliga de níquel, Inconel 600 (liga 600), após processamento pela técnica de ECAP, Equal Channel Angular Pressing, e posterior tratamentos térmicos. Foram analisados os planos {111}, {200} e {220}, devido à estrutura CFC do material, na direção normal à secção transversal. A análise da amostra de 3 passes sem tratamento térmico retornou uma textura associada aos planos e direções {111}<110>. Para as amostras recozidas foi identificada uma evolução na textura ligada aos planos e direções {113}<110>, {101}<110> e {332}<110> e uma variação da textura ligada aos planos e direções {223}<110> e {332}<110>.

  

• IPEN-DOC 25892

  VILLANI, D. ; CAMPOS, L.L. . Aplicação da técnica de Luminescência Opticamente Estimulada (OSL) na monitoração de área de uma sala de exame de mamografia. In: NEVES, LUIS (Coord.). Proteção contra radiações na comunidade dos países de língua portuguesa. Coimbra, Portugal: Imprensa da Universidade de Coimbra, 2018. p. 139-147, DOI: 10.14195/978-989-26-1602-5

  Abstract: O objetivo deste trabalho é avaliar o desempenho dos dosímetros OSL nanoDot™ para a monitoração de área de uma sala de mamografia. Os testes foram realizados primeiramente em laboratório, para caracterização dosimétrica, avaliação da repetibilidade e estabilidade do sistema utilizado e, posteriormente, na sala de mamografia para avaliar as doses dispersas no ambiente, bem como a dose de entrada na pele. Os resultados mostraram que os nanoDots™ apresentam boa repetibilidade e estabilidade tanto nos testes laboratoriais como nos de campo, o que permite sua aplicação na dosimetria de área.

  

• IPEN-DOC 25891

  BRAVIM, A. ; SAKURABA, R.K.; CAMPOS, L.L. . Avaliação de dosímetros OSL na determinação de curvas de isodose de uma simulação de planejamento de tratamento de vértebra com proteção da medula espinhal utilizando VMAT. In: NEVES, LUIS (Coord.). Proteção contra radiações na comunidade dos países de língua portuguesa. Coimbra, Portugal: Imprensa da Universidade de Coimbra, 2018. p. 111-120, DOI: 10.14195/978-989-26-1602-5

  Abstract: O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a aplicabilidade de dosímetros e microdosimetros OSL de LiF:Mg,Ti (TLD-100) na determinação das curvas de isodose em planejamentos utilizando a técnica de VMAT. Foi simulado um planejamento de tratamento de vértebra com proteção da medula espinhal em que a dose média absorvida obtida através dos dosímetros OSL apresentou uma variação máxima de 3,85% em relação aos valores calculados pelo sistema de planejamento Eclipse 11.0. A variação entre o intervalo de dose obtido com o emprego dos dosímetros OSL e fornecido pelo Eclipse 11.0 está de acordo com os limites aceitáveis para a área da radioterapia. Observou-se que, por serem de menor tamanho, os microdosímetros de LiF:Mg,Ti apresentam uma menor probabilidade de estarem posicionados em mais de uma curva de isodose ao mesmo tempo no planejamento. Sendo assim, apresentaram os melhores resultados.

  

• IPEN-DOC 25890

  BRESSANE, R.O. ; VILLANI, D. ; RODRIGUES JUNIOR, O. ; CAMPOS, L.L. . Estudo comparativo de sensibilidade entre os dosímetros fricke xilenol gel e alanina gel. In: NEVES, LUIS (Coord.). Proteção contra radiações na comunidade dos países de língua portuguesa. Coimbra, Portugal: Imprensa da Universidade de Coimbra, 2018. p. 85-93, DOI: 10.14195/978-989-26-1602-5

  Abstract: Fricke Xilenol Gel (FXG) é um dosímetro químico bem conhecido e caracterizado. Neste trabalho, foi adicionada alanina ao FXG a fim de obter melhora na sensibilidade. A comparação entre os dois dosímetros permitiu verificar maior estabilidade no gel devido à presença da alanina e aumento do intervalo de linearidade da resposta óptica: de 1 a 30 Gy para 5 a 50 Gy. Foi possível verificar, também, que a variação de cor das amostras após a irradiação é característica de cada tipo de dosímetro e que a sensibilidade do dosímetro com alanina é maior utilizando-se 0,2 mM de alaranjado de xilenol.

  

• IPEN-DOC 25889

  VENEZIANI, G.R. ; RODRIGUES JUNIOR, ORLANDO ; SAKURABA, R.K.; CAMPOS, L.L. . Desenvolvimento de simulador aplicados a radiodiagnostico e radioterapia utilizando impressora 3D. In: NEVES, LUIS (Coord.). Proteção contra radiações na comunidade dos países de língua portuguesa. Coimbra, Portugal: Imprensa da Universidade de Coimbra, 2018. p. 77-83, DOI: 10.14195/978-989-26-1602-5

  Abstract: Nesse trabalho foi avaliada a viabilidade do uso de impressora 3D (FDM) e materiais tecido equivalentes para o desenvolvimento de simuladores para serem aplicados em radioterapia e/ou diagnóstico. Os resultados avaliados por CT foram bastante promissores e abrem caminho para o desenvolvimento de simuladores personalizados e de baixo custo.

  

• IPEN-DOC 25888

  VALERIANO, C. ; VENEZIANI, G. ; JUNIOR, O. ; VIVOLO, V. ; SANTOS, W.S.; CAMPOS, L.L. . Determinação dos coeficientes de atenuação para feixes de raios X diagnóstico do PLA e do ABS impressos: uma abordagem por simulação com MCNP5. In: NEVES, LUIS (Coord.). Proteção contra radiações na comunidade dos países de língua portuguesa. Coimbra, Portugal: Imprensa da Universidade de Coimbra, 2018. p. 69-76, DOI: 10.14195/978-989-26-1602-5

  Abstract: Modelos 3D de estruturas anatômicas podem ser obtidos por meio de técnicas de imageamento médico (ressonância magnética e tomografia computadorizada). 70 Variando os materiais (por exemplo poliuretano e resina epóxi) utilizados em sua composição, é possível obter o contraste radiográfico ou a equivalência ao tecido desejado. A produção de objetos simuladores para pacientes específicos precisa preencher requisitos como a acurácia geométrica com a anatomia do individuo, a equivalência ao tecido, de modo que possam ser realizar medidas utilizáveis, e não ser susceptível aos efeitos da radiação. A utilização de impressoras 3D é uma forma rápida de construção de objetos complexos, dessa forma é justificável estudar a viabilidade da impressão 3D para desenvolver objetos simuladores. Baseado nesse cenário, o presente trabalho tem como objetivo avaliar a simulação desenvolvida, utilizando MCNP5, como ferramenta para a obtenção dos coeficientes de atenuação das placas feitas com material de impressora 3D.

  

• IPEN-DOC 25887

  CORREA, F. ; SORDI, G. ; LEVY, D.S. . Evolução da filosofia do sistema de limitação de dose e a questão das substituições “superseded”. In: NEVES, LUIS (Coord.). Proteção contra radiações na comunidade dos países de língua portuguesa. Coimbra, Portugal: Imprensa da Universidade de Coimbra, 2018. p. 351-361, DOI: 10.14195/978-989-26-1602-5

  Abstract: O grande avanço da era nuclear mostrou que a filosofia do sistema de limitação de dose proposta pela Comissão Internacional de Proteção Radiológica em 1958 e os Limites Anuais Máximos Permissíveis (LAMP), careciam de mudanças, assim, com a atualização das recomendações surgiu uma nova filosofia, ainda vigente, denominada de Limites Anuais Máximos Admissíveis (LAMA) para que possamos estuda-los separadamente, analisando cuidadosamente como surgiram estas filosofias e como foram evoluindo até as suas últimas publicações. 352 Uma vez que cada nova publicação substituía a anterior, e a ICRP e o Organismo Internacional de Energia atômica (IAEA) firmaram o acordo pelo qual este último adotaria a filosofia proposta pela Comissão, houve a possibilidade que algumas destas informações, algumas valiosas, possam ter se perdido no decorrer da substituição da publicação e ou da edição da norma do IAEA na adoção da filosofia. Estas informações são discutidas e estudadas em profundidade e o seu valor real mostrado, levantando a possibilidade de reintroduzi-las nas futuras publicações.

  

• IPEN-DOC 25886

  LEVY, D.S. ; SORDI, G.M.A.A. . Education and communication on radiological protection: the potential value of information technologies to improve profess ional skills. In: NEVES, LUIS (Coord.). Proteção contra radiações na comunidade dos países de língua portuguesa. Coimbra, Portugal: Imprensa da Universidade de Coimbra, 2018. p. 313-325, DOI: 10.14195/978-989-26-1602-5

  Abstract: For operational control of exposures to ionizing radiation in any workplace, the International Commission on Radiation Protection (ICRP) recommends establishing a program of operational radiation protection, proportional to the risk, to ensure the effective management of all necessary measures to satisfy the principle of optimization. This project focus on the potential value of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) to enhance education and communication on Radiological Protection throughout Brazil. The content includes optimization programs and monitoring policy and techniques, interrelating 314 information currently scattered in several documents, providing Brazilian facilities a complete repository for consultation and information. The content also brings new approaches from some recommendations, presenting some initiatives towards protection and safety. The growing impact of ICTs shall contribute greatly to provide information where it is needed, stimulating development in this large country where it is a huge challenge to ensure access to information to as many people as possible, minimizing costs and optimizing results.

  

• IPEN-DOC 25885

  SILVA, JULIO C.M. da ; LOPES, THIAGO ; OLIVEIRA NETO, ALMIR ; SPINACE, ESTEVAM V. . Electrocatalysts for direct ethanol fuel cells. In: SANTOS, MAURO C. dos (Ed.). Advanced Materials and Systems for Electrochemical Technologies. Hauppauge, NY, USA: Nova Science Publishers, 2018. p. 27-52, cap. 2.

  Abstract: In this chapter, an overview of electro-catalysts for direct ethanol fuel cells based on polymer electrolyte membranes is presented, with special attention given to the alkaline anion exchange membrane-based devices. Considering the anodic reaction, it is evidenced that a substantial effort has been dedicated towards increasing the fuel cell efficiency by developing electrocatalysts with higher catalytic activity. In this sense, palladium is pointed out as a promising substitute to platinum with regards to electrocatalytic activity, price and element availability. Furthermore, palladium-based nanoparticles are pointed out as the electrocatalysts with the highest electrocatalytic activity for ethanol electro-oxidation in alkaline media. Taking into account the support materials for the electrocatalysts nanoparticles, it was possible to observe an evolution in carbon-based materials, first carbon nanotubes overcame the carbon black, where more recently, graphene is addressed as the best support choice for catalysts nanoparticles. Different efforts have been made to improve the properties of the support materials, such as doping with nitrogen or with metal oxides like TiO2, for example. Considering the cathode materials, the main goal is to develop catalysts with enhanced activity to the oxygen reduction reaction as well as tolerance to ethanol molecules that crossover the electrolyte membrane.

  

• IPEN-DOC 25884

  OTTONI, CRISTIANE A.; SIMÕES, MARTA F.; SANTOS, JONAS G. dos; PEIXOTO, LUCIANA; SOUZA, RODRIGO F.B. de; OLIVEIRA NETO, ALMIR ; BRITO, ANTONIO G. de; MAIORANO, ALFREDO E.. Biotratamento de vinhaça sintética e geração de eletricidade utilizando uma célula a combustível microbiana. In: OLIVEIRA, ANTONELLA C. de (Ed.); SANTOS, ALBERDAN S. (Org.). Avanços Científicos e Tecnológicos em Bioprocessos. Ponta Grossa, PR: Atena Editora, 2018. p. 163-171, cap. 20. DOI: 10.22533/at.ed.475180110

  Abstract: O Brasil é um dos maiores produtores de etanol no mundo, no entanto, durante o processo de obtenção deste combustível, elevadas quantidades de vinhaça são geradas, em média, para cada litro de etanol produzido são gerados 13 litros deste resíduo. A vinhaça possui propriedades físicas e químicas que podem desencadear efeitos nocivos à biota, deste modo, existe um interesse crescente em identificar novas tecnologias para o seu tratamento. A utilização de células a combustível microbianas (CCMs) apresenta um enorme potencial, uma vez que, pode promover simultaneamente o tratamento deste resíduo e a biogeração de energia elétrica, pela conversão da energia química disponível nesses substratos biodegradáveis diretamente em eletricidade, por meio da ação catalítica de bactérias eletrogênicas aderidas ao eletrodo. Neste contexto, o presente estudo avaliou a utilização de uma CCM de câmara dupla no tratamento de vinhaça sintética. Durante a operação deste reator foi detectada uma máxima densidade de potência de 330 mW·m-2 e uma redução na demanda química de oxigênio (DQO) em 58,8% após 28 dias. Diante destes resultados preliminares, a tecnologia CCM pode ser considerada promissora no tratamento da vinhaça, contudo, estudos a respeito da configuração, tipo de inóculo e formas de operação da CCM são necessários para que amplie sua eficiência.

  

• IPEN-DOC 25883

  FUNGARO, DENISE A. ; IZIDORO, JULIANA C. ; GUILHEN, SABINE N. ; SILVA, KATIA C. ; WANG, SHAOBIN. Synthesis of nanocrystalline zeolite Na-A from coal fly ash and different aluminum sources: application for heavy metals removal. In: GRAY, MIRIAM (Ed.). Coal Fly Ash. Hauppauge, NY, USA: Nova Science Publishers, 2018. p. 1-33, cap. 4.

  Abstract: This chapter describes the synthesis process to obtain zeolite Na-A from coal fly ash via fusion with NaOH followed by hydrothermal reaction. Coal fly ash is a low cost source of both silica and alumina. The molar ratio of SiO2/Al2O3 for zeolite 4A formation was achieved by the addition of sodium aluminate solution or aluminum waste from tertiary industry as aluminum sources. The effects of temperature and time at the fusion step and the hydrothermal reaction time on crystalline products were investigated. The synthesized products were studied for their purity and yield as well as were characterized by different techniques such as Xray powder diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and cation exchange capacity (CEC), among others. Analysis of the properties of the raw materials and the products demonstrates that the by-products can be used to produce a high purity zeolite A. The optimum conditions related to the synthesis was set and the samples were pure, highly crystalline and white. The synthesized zeolites were used for both the removal of Cd (II) and Zn (II) from aqueous solution. The results showed that coal fly ash and aluminum source can be transformed into zeolite A, which is considered as value-added material with adsorption properties.

  

• IPEN-DOC 25882

  LINO, JULIANA dos S. ; AQUINO, AFONSO R. de . Análise da evolução das áreas contaminadas no município de São Paulo. In: ANDRADE, DARLY F. (Ed.). Sustentabilidade e Responsabilidade Social em Foco. Belo Horizonte, MG: Editora Poisson, 2019. p. 51-58, v. 12, cap. 4.

  Abstract: O expressivo surgimento de áreas contaminadas ao redor do globo, especificamente em centros urbanos industrializados, é resultado de processos socioeconômicos sem a percepção da relevância das questões ambientais a eles associadas. O uso e a ocupação do solo das cidades se deram sem o conhecimento de parâmetros de proteção e controle ambiental. O solo era visto como um local seguro para a disposição de rejeitos, um local onde o processo de degradação de contaminantes aconteceria naturalmente. Diante da enorme velocidade com que ocorreu o crescimento metropolitano, só tardiamente o poder público se proveu de instrumentos legais para buscar proteção e ordenação no uso do solo. Somente no final do século XX, a questão das áreas contaminadas começou a ser debatida, estando atualmente associada ao tema da revitalização urbana, buscando conferir novo uso sustentável para essas áreas contaminadas com o objetivo de agregá-las ao tecido urbano, estimulando e possibilitando a requalificação urbana. Essa mudança de postura intensificou o reconhecimento de áreas nas quais se desenvolveram atividades potencialmente poluidoras, ocorridas principalmente em regiões densamente povoadas e industrializadas, e sua reutilização, se feita sem a adoção de critérios adequados pode representar um grave risco para a saúde das populações locais. Uma das características da cidade de São Paulo é o seu grande dinamismo e por ter passado por diversos rearranjos espaciais, ao longo das últimas décadas. Devido o caráter dinâmico da cidade e da importância da identificação efetiva das áreas contaminadas, a fim de que estas sejam refuncionalizadas adequadamente, neste trabalho foram estudados os mecanismos que possibilitam a identificação destas áreas na cidade de São Paulo, associado a uma apreciação da sua evolução histórica. O significativo aumento no número de áreas na cidade de São Paulo não deve ser entendido como um fator negativo. O conhecimento real da situação possibilita que a questão seja tratada de forma assertiva. É importante conhecer a dimensão do problema para que a solução desenvolvida abranja todas as suas dimensões.

  

• IPEN-DOC 25881

  NEVES, EDUARDO G.; MUNITA, CASIMIRO S. ; HAZENFRATZ, ROBERTO; MONGELO, GUILHERME Z.. Ancient exchange networks in the Central Amazon. In: GLASCOCK, MICHAEL D. (Ed.); NEFF, HECTOR (Ed.); VAUGHN, KEVIN J. (Ed.). Ceramics of the Indigenous Cultures of South America. Albuquerque, NM, USA: University of New Mexico Press, 2019. p. 231-239, cap. 22.

  

• IPEN-DOC 25879

  IZIDORO, JULIANA ; FUNGARO, DENISE ; CAMPELLO, FELIPE ; GUILHEN, SABINE . Immobilization agents study of toxic elements in coal ash. In: CASARES, J. (Ed.); PASSERINI, G. (Ed.); PERILLO, G. (Ed.). Environmental Impact IV. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2018. p. 387-395, v. 215, (WIT Transactions on Ecology and the Environment). DOI: 10.2495/EID180351

  Abstract: Metal leaching from coal fly ashes into the environment is of a much concern. A series of batch tests were performed to investigate the potential leaching of metals from fly ash modified with organosilane (OS) and quaternary ammonium surfactant (SF). The fly ash was collected at the Figueira Thermal Power Plant, located in the city of Figueira, State of Paraná. Firstly, the influence of ash mass/water volume ratio on the concentration of the elements in the leachates from untreated fly ash was evaluated. Subsequently, the capacities of immobilization of toxic elements by the different immobilizing agents were determined by measuring the pH and conductivity of the leachates from the treated fly ash. A significant reduction in the concentration of the elements was observed for all the leachate samples obtained from the ashes treated with OS. The concentrations were reduced by 89%, 77%, 42% and 11% for Cr, Mo, As and Se, respectively. When SF was used for the ash treatment, the concentration reduction in the leachates was found to be above 60% for all elements. These results show that both the OS and SF can be used as immobilizing agents for the retention of toxic elements presented in coal ashes.

  

• IPEN-DOC 25878

  KOMATSU, L.G.H. ; ZAFALON, A.T. ; SANTOS, V.J. ; LINCOPAN, N.; RANGARI, V.K.; PARRA, D.F. . Application of natural nanoparticles in polymeric blend of HMSPP/SEBS for biocide activity. In: IKHMAYIES, SHADIA (Ed.); LI, JIAN (Ed.); VIEIRA, CARLOS M.F. (Ed.); MARGEM, JEAN I. (Ed.); BRAGA, FABIO de O. (Ed.). Green Materials Engineering. Cham, CZ, Switzerland: Springer Nature Switzerland AG, 2019. p. 79-87, (The Minerals, Metals & Materials Series). DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-10383-5_9

  Abstract: The natural nanoparticles of CaCO3, from eggshell and CaCO3/Ag, were investigated as candidates for biocide nanoparticles in a blend of thermoplastic elastomer, styrene–ethylene/butadiene–styrene (SEBS), and polyolefin, high-meltstrength polypropylene (HMSPP). The nanoparticles with silver (Ag) were synthesized by metal precursor method, and before the application in the polymer matrix, the nanoparticles were analyzed on dynamic lighting scattering (DLS) and Raman spectroscopy. After DLS and Raman analyses, the nanoparticles were evaluated in biocide tests against P. aeruginosa and S. auerus. The aim of this investigation was the blending and the injection molding in dumbbell samples with the nanoparticles. The characterizations were carried out by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetry analysis,mechanical tests, X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, scanning electronmicroscopy, and energy-dispersive scanning and biocide tests. Correlation between size and particle distribution on the polymerwas founded. However, samples at higher concentrations (>1 wt%) do not show biocide activity.

  

• IPEN-DOC 25877

  MUNITA, CASIMIRO S. ; GLASCOCK, MICHAEL D.; HAZENFRATZ, ROBERTO . Neutron activation analysis: an overview. In: ATTA-UR-RAHMAN (Ed.); OZKAN, SIBEL A. (Ed.). Recent Advances in Analytical Techniques. Sharjah, UAE: Bentham Science Publishers, 2019. p. 1-46, v. 3, cap. 5. DOI: 10.2174/9781681085722119030007

  Abstract: An overview of neutron activation analysis (NAA) and some applications for this technique are provided in this paper. The fundamentals of the various methods of NAA (INAA, relative, k0, large sample, prompt gamma charge particles, cyclic, molecular and radiochemical NAA) are discussed in order to describe the most important scientific and technical aspects. Several problems associated with the technique are pointed out and briefly discussed. Emphasis is laid on the advantages of this technique for the determination of trace elements in geological, biological and environmental samples as an alternative analytical technique where other methods would not be the best choice.

  

• IPEN-DOC 25876

  MOURA, ESPERIDIANA A.B. . The potential of micro- and nano-sized fillers extracted from agroindustry residues as reinforcements of thermoplastic-based biocomposites: a review. In: IKHMAYIES, SHADIA (Ed.); LI, JIAN (Ed.); VIEIRA, CARLOS M.F. (Ed.); MARGEM, JEAN I. (Ed.); BRAGA, FABIO de O. (Ed.). Green Materials Engineering. Cham, CZ, Switzerland: Springer Nature Switzerland AG, 2019. p. 89-100, (The Minerals, Metals & Materials Series). DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-10383-5_10

  Abstract: Currently, the relevance of reuse of agroindustrial waste to obtain fillers in micro- and nano-sizes for the development of biocomposite materials has grown significantly. Production processes based on sustainable and low carbon development have increased interest in more environmentally friendly polymer composites, which have made the origin of reinforcement materials a determining factor for their application in this segment. This work presents a review of the developments of our team in the field of thermoplastic biocomposites reinforced with micro- and nano-sized fillers extracted from agroindustry residues. The different residues from Brazilian agroindustry available for the extraction of micro- and nano-sized fillers for the production of polymer biocomposites, the methods of the extraction and treatments of these natural fillers are presented; and its application as reinforcements in thermoplastic-based biocomposite are discussed in this review.

  Palavras-Chave: agriculture; agricultural wastes; environmental impacts; bagasse; biodegradation; thermoplastics; composite materials; fillers; polymers

  

• IPEN-DOC 25875

  ORTIZ, NILCE . EPs antibiotics: photodecomposition and biocarbon adsorption. In: SOLONESKI, SONIA (Ed.). Emerging Pollutants. London, UK: IntechOpen, 2018. p. 79-97, cap. 5. DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.76893

  Abstract: The emerging pollutants (EPs) are considered a global monitoring challenge, present in the environment in very reduced concentrations, and the proper methods for sampling and analysis are still in development. Many published types of research considering the EPs identification only depend on the analytical methodology and a more efficient higher number of EPs. The quantitative determination of the prioritized EPs in water needs advanced and ultra-sensitive instrumental techniques applied in water, water-suspended matter, soil, and biota. The regulatory framework of the water-quality parameters does not often include the microplastics, EPs, and their metabolites; especially, the groundwater water-quality monitoring and control are urgent but not yet achieved. The EPs sources in water are the sewage, industrial, and agricultural waste discard, and the UN estimated that the wastewater produced annually is about 1500 km3, about six times more water than existing in all rivers of the word. In 2015, in China, which has a fast-growing economy, the water is a scarce resource with just 8% of the world’s fresh water to meet the water needs of the 22% of the world’s population.

  

• IPEN-DOC 25874

  SANTOS, SOFIA N. dos; BERNARDES, EMERSON S. ; SANTOS-OLIVEIRA, RALPH. Nanoradiopharmaceuticals in current molecular medicine. In: BARHOUM, AHMED (Ed.); MAKHLOUF, ABDEL S.H. (Ed.). Fundamentals of Nanoparticles. Amsterdam, Netherlands: Elsevier, 2018. p. 553-569, cap. 18. DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-323-51255-8.00018-5

  

• IPEN-DOC 25648

  SENNA, ROQUE M. de; SANTOS, THAIS; SENNA, HENRIQUE; LINARDI, MARCELO . Determinação experimental da curva de polarização de uma célula a combustível tipo PEM. In: VOIGT, CARMEN L. (Org.). Impactos das tecnologias na engenharia química 3. Ponta Grossa, PR: Atena, 2019. p. 178-186, v. 3, cap. 22. DOI: 10.22533/at.ed.31919010422

  Observação: e-book

  Abstract: A geração de energia elétrica se apresenta como um grande desafio para a humanidade, devido ao seu enorme potencial poluidor, notadamente quando advinda de combustíveis fósseis. No mundo, em 2013, como mostrado no BEN 2016, apenas 13,5% da matriz energética compunha-se de combustíveis renováveis, sendo no Brasil 41,2%. Baseado nessas estatísticas pode-se afirmar que a produção de energia no Brasil ainda é predominante de combustíveis fósseis. Uma das alternativas que merece destaque especial é a tecnologia de células a combustível (CAC), pois são dispositivos sustentáveis e não poluentes que oxidam eletroquimicamente o combustível, em geral hidrogênio, gerando energia elétrica e calor. Pretende-se com esse trabalho, mostrar os procedimentos para ensaiar uma CAC unitária, de eletrólito sólido ETEK_HP, composto por uma membrana de náfion (PTFE), de espessura de 115 μm, sendo o eletrodo constituído por catalisador de platina, com carga de 0,4mg/cm² no ânodo, e 0,6mg/cm² no cátodo, suportados em carbono. O ponto ótimo de operação da CAC pela eficiência do MEA foi em 433 mV@1120 mA, de característica linear, e não está sujeito, significativamente, aos fenômenos de ativação e transferência de massa. Nota-se que entre 365 mV e 558 mV, a densidade foi acima de 0,45 W/cm², e consequentemente a potência da CAC acima de 11 W. O consumo de oxigênio e hidrogênio foi mais eficiente acima de 800 mV.

  

• IPEN-DOC 25635

  MUNHOZ JUNIOR, ANTONIO H.; PACHECO, CAROLINE V.; MELO, HENRIQUE T.T.S.; PERES, RENATO M.; SILVA, LEONARDO G. de A. e ; MIRANDA, LEILA F. de; ROMERO FILHO, MARCOS. Characterization of a composite of high-impact polystyrene, pseudoboehmite and graphene oxide. In: LI, BOWEN (Ed.); LI, JIAN (Ed.); IKHMAYIES, SHADIA (Ed.); ZHANG, MINGMING (Ed.); KALAY, YUNUS E. (Ed.); CARPENTER, JOHN S. (Ed.); HWANG, JIANN-YANG (Ed.); MONTEIRO, SERGIO N. (Ed.); BAI, CHENGUANG (Ed.); ESCOBEDO-DIAZ, JUAN P. (Ed.); SPENA, PASQUALE R. (Ed.); GOSWAMI, RAMASIS (Ed.). Characterization of Minerals, Metals, and Materials. Cham, CZ, Switzerland: Springer Nature Switzerland AG, 2019. p. 511-522, (The Minerals, Metals & Materials Series). DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-05749-7_51

  Abstract: The application of a composite material of pseudoboehmite, polystyrene and graphene oxide was studied. The present work is the synthesis and characterization of high-impact polystyrene (HIPS) nanocomposite, with pseudoboehmite (PSB) and graphene oxide. Pseudoboehmite particles with nanometric dimensions were obtained by sol-gel process. The composites were characterized by mechanical tests (tensile strength, flexural strength, Izod Impact, Shore D Hardness), thermal (Flow index, temperature of thermal deflection under load-HDT, Vicat softening temperature, differential tests thermal analyses and thermogravimetric analysis) and morphologically by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The results obtained were compared with HIPS matrix properties, without PSB and graphene oxide addition. From the thermal analyzes, composite samples showed higher decomposition temperatures compared to pure high-impact polystyrene especially in the thermogravimetric analysis results, showing a considerable increase in the temperature at which material decomposition begins (322 °C for pure high-impact polystyrene and 380 °C for the composite).

  

• IPEN-DOC 25634

  MUNHOZ JUNIOR, ANTONIO H.; GALHARDO, GUSTAVO F.; ORTEGA, FERNANDO dos S.; LIMA, NELSON B. de ; MORAES, DENISON A.; MIRANDA, LEILA F. de; VALENZUELA-DIAZ, FRANCISCO R.. Alpha-alumina synthesis using gamma-alumina powders. In: LI, BOWEN (Ed.); LI, JIAN (Ed.); IKHMAYIES, SHADIA (Ed.); ZHANG, MINGMING (Ed.); KALAY, YUNUS E. (Ed.); CARPENTER, JOHN S. (Ed.); HWANG, JIANN-YANG (Ed.); MONTEIRO, SERGIO N. (Ed.); BAI, CHENGUANG (Ed.); ESCOBEDO-DIAZ, JUAN P. (Ed.); SPENA, PASQUALE R. (Ed.); GOSWAMI, RAMASIS (Ed.). Characterization of Minerals, Metals, and Materials. Cham, CZ, Switzerland: Springer Nature Switzerland AG, 2019. p. 441-451, (The Minerals, Metals & Materials Series). DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-05749-7_44

  Abstract: Alpha-alumina is a ceramic material with applications as a biomaterial in femoral prostheses and teeth. The study of the influence of the precursor powder on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the alumina obtained is extremely important for the use of the same as biomaterials. Other applications of alpha-alumina industrially are in obtaining parts used at high temperatures and in chemically aggressive environments. Alpha-alumina can be synthesized from different raw materials resulting in ceramic products with different microstructures and consequently with diverse mechanical resistance. The synthesis of alpha-alumina pieces obtained from gamma-alumina powders was studied in order to verify the mechanical properties of the sintered material. The addition of graphene oxide in the gamma-alumina powder was also studied. To evaluate the mechanical strength of the obtained alpha-alumina specimens and to correlate the mechanical resistance with the precursor used in alpha-alumina synthesis it was used three -point bend strength testing.

  

• IPEN-DOC 25633

  POVEDA, PATRICIA N.S. ; SILVA, LEONARDO G.A. e . Study of the influence of organic peroxide and elastomeric modifier in the mechanical and flow properties of the recycled polypropylene. In: LI, BOWEN (Ed.); LI, JIAN (Ed.); IKHMAYIES, SHADIA (Ed.); ZHANG, MINGMING (Ed.); KALAY, YUNUS E. (Ed.); CARPENTER, JOHN S. (Ed.); HWANG, JIANN-YANG (Ed.); MONTEIRO, SERGIO N. (Ed.); BAI, CHENGUANG (Ed.); ESCOBEDO-DIAZ, JUAN P. (Ed.); SPENA, PASQUALE R. (Ed.); GOSWAMI, RAMASIS (Ed.). Characterization of Minerals, Metals, and Materials. Cham, CZ, Switzerland: Springer Nature Switzerland AG, 2019. p. 787-792, (The Minerals, Metals & Materials Series). DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-05749-7_79

  Abstract: Plastics have been replacing other traditional materials such as wood, metal and glass over the past decades due to its versatility in properties, processability, and cost. Polypropylene can be highlighted as one of the main thermoplastics used in industry since it presents properties suitable for various applications, combining density, cost, availability, and ease of molding. By considering the mechanical recycling of post-consumer or post-industrial material, difficulty in flowability is observed, which demands modification to promote processability. This work used the traditional solution for flow modification (peroxide) and elastomeric modifier to evaluate the impact of these additives on the mechanical and flow properties of recycled polypropylene by tensile strength, melt index and spiral flow analyses. Although the modified sample with organic peroxide had a higher melt flow index, the mechanical resistance was lower than the elastomeric modifier, which showed good performance in the material flow during processing according to spiral flow analysis.

  

• IPEN-DOC 25632

  MIRANDA, LEILA F.; GOMES, PAULO V.C.; ALMEIDA, FABIO J.M. de; SILVA, LEONARDO G.A. e ; MUNHOZ JUNIOR, ANTONIO H.; MASSON, TEREZINHA J.. Study of the electrical properties of rGO obtained by different GO reduction methods. In: LI, BOWEN (Ed.); LI, JIAN (Ed.); IKHMAYIES, SHADIA (Ed.); ZHANG, MINGMING (Ed.); KALAY, YUNUS E. (Ed.); CARPENTER, JOHN S. (Ed.); HWANG, JIANN-YANG (Ed.); MONTEIRO, SERGIO N. (Ed.); BAI, CHENGUANG (Ed.); ESCOBEDO-DIAZ, JUAN P. (Ed.); SPENA, PASQUALE R. (Ed.); GOSWAMI, RAMASIS (Ed.). Characterization of Minerals, Metals, and Materials. Cham, CZ, Switzerland: Springer Nature Switzerland AG, 2019. p. 773-785, (The Minerals, Metals & Materials Series). DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-05749-7_78

  Abstract: Thiswork aimed at the synthesis of graphene oxide (GO) and its reduction in reduced graphene oxide (rGO), as well as the characterization of the obtained GO and of each of the products of the various GO reduction methods. The characteristics of the GO and rGO samples were compared in order to study the results for each reduction method. Graphene oxide was synthesized, from the modified Hummers methodology, using powdered graphite and subsequently reduced to rGO by different methods (chemical method: reduction with hydrazine and carbon–C-dots nanoparticles, and physical: ultrasound). The samples obtained from graphene oxide and reduced graphene oxide were characterized electrically and microstructurally. The results showed that the samples of GO reduced with hydrazine were those that obtained the best results of conductivity and good restructuring of the sp2 hybridization, followed by the carbon nanoparticles and ultrasound.

  

• IPEN-DOC 25631

  BARTOLOMEI, SUELLEN S.; MOURA, ESPERIDIANA A.B. de ; WIEBECK, HELIO. Recycled gypsum particles incorporation in recycled expanded polystyrene by biodegradable solvent: preparation and characterization. In: LI, BOWEN (Ed.); LI, JIAN (Ed.); IKHMAYIES, SHADIA (Ed.); ZHANG, MINGMING (Ed.); KALAY, YUNUS E. (Ed.); CARPENTER, JOHN S. (Ed.); HWANG, JIANN-YANG (Ed.); MONTEIRO, SERGIO N. (Ed.); BAI, CHENGUANG (Ed.); ESCOBEDO-DIAZ, JUAN P. (Ed.); SPENA, PASQUALE R. (Ed.); GOSWAMI, RAMASIS (Ed.). Characterization of Minerals, Metals, and Materials. Cham, CZ, Switzerland: Springer Nature Switzerland AG, 2019. p. 757-763, (The Minerals, Metals & Materials Series). DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-05749-7_76

  Abstract: The recycling of expanded polystyrene (EPS) by the use of ethyl acetate, a biodegradable solvent is an alternative by the regular recycling process. Due to the fragility of the polystyrene (PS), 2 wt% of glycerol was added in the recycled expanded polystyrene (REPS) to increase the mobility of the polymer chains reducing the brittleness of this material. As a dispersed phase was used recycled gypsum from construction waste. 5, 10, and 15 wt% of recycled gypsum were used to obtain composites by melt extrusion.Virgin PS, RPS, RPS/Glycerol, and RPS/Glycerol/Gypsum composites were characterized by Thermogravimetric Analysis (TG), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FEGSEM), and flammability test. The results showed that the addition of glycerin plasticized RPS and Gypsum particles improved the thermal stability. In the flammability test, the samples containing gypsum do not extinguish the flames of the material, this phenomenon was not observed in the other compositions.

  

• IPEN-DOC 25630

  CORREIA, SABRINA A.; CRUZ, PEDRO V. ; RODRIGUES, TASSON C.; MONTEIRO, ALEX ; DIAZ, FRANCISCO R.V.; MOURA, ESPERIDIANA A.B. . Production and characterization of a hybrid composite of polypropylene reinforced with piassava (Attalea funifera Martius) fiber and light green clay. In: LI, BOWEN (Ed.); LI, JIAN (Ed.); IKHMAYIES, SHADIA (Ed.); ZHANG, MINGMING (Ed.); KALAY, YUNUS E. (Ed.); CARPENTER, JOHN S. (Ed.); HWANG, JIANN-YANG (Ed.); MONTEIRO, SERGIO N. (Ed.); BAI, CHENGUANG (Ed.); ESCOBEDO-DIAZ, JUAN P. (Ed.); SPENA, PASQUALE R. (Ed.); GOSWAMI, RAMASIS (Ed.). Characterization of Minerals, Metals, and Materials. Cham, CZ, Switzerland: Springer Nature Switzerland AG, 2019. p. 735-746, (The Minerals, Metals & Materials Series). DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-05749-7_74

  Abstract: Waste materials have been frequently used as reinforcing materials, to obtain a composite with better properties. Piassava palm is native to the state of Bahia (Brazil) and its fiber, piassava fiber (PF) is awaste material frequently used for industrial and domestic brooms, industrial brushes, carpets, and roofs. The light green clay (LGC) is a natural smectite Brazilian clay from the state of Paraiba. This work aims to produce and evaluate the advantages of this new product achieved by the inclusion of these two natural materials into polypropylene (PP) matrix. A melting extrusion process, using a twin-screw extruder and injection molding machine was used to obtain PP/LGC (97/3 wt%), PP/PF (90/10 wt%) and PP/LGC/PF (87/3/10 wt%) composites. The materials were characterized by mechanical tests, TG, DSC, SEM, and XRD analysis.

  

• IPEN-DOC 25629

  FRANCISCO, DANAE L. ; PAIVA, LUCILENE B. de; ALDEIA, WAGNER; LUGAO, ADEMAR B. ; MOURA, ESPERIDIANA A.B. . Investigation on mechanical behaviors of polyamide 11 reinforced with halloysite nanotubes. In: LI, BOWEN (Ed.); LI, JIAN (Ed.); IKHMAYIES, SHADIA (Ed.); ZHANG, MINGMING (Ed.); KALAY, YUNUS E. (Ed.); CARPENTER, JOHN S. (Ed.); HWANG, JIANN-YANG (Ed.); MONTEIRO, SERGIO N. (Ed.); BAI, CHENGUANG (Ed.); ESCOBEDO-DIAZ, JUAN P. (Ed.); SPENA, PASQUALE R. (Ed.); GOSWAMI, RAMASIS (Ed.). Characterization of Minerals, Metals, and Materials. Cham, CZ, Switzerland: Springer Nature Switzerland AG, 2019. p. 693-701, (The Minerals, Metals & Materials Series). DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-05749-7_69

  Abstract: The inorganic halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) are a promising type of natural occurring filler for polymers. Its characteristics such as high aspect ratio (10–50), small size, and high strength (elastic modulus—140 GPa) suggest that HNTs have a potential use in high-performance polymer nanocomposites. Compared to other nanoclays and nanosilica, the relatively low content of hydroxyl groups on their surfaces makes HNTs relatively hydrophobic, although, sometimes, this is not sufficient for guaranty a good interfacial adhesion in composite systems. In the present study, halloysite nanotubes were incorporated in a polyamide 11 (PA11) matrix by melt extrusion, using a twin-screw extruder and injection molding machine. The neat PA11 and PA11/HNT nanocomposites were characterized by mechanical tests (tensile, flexural and impact tests), and the correlation between properties were discussed.

  Palavras-Chave: polyamides; nanostructures; nanotubes; nanocomposites; mechanical properties; thermoplastics; inorganic polymers; tensile properties

  

• IPEN-DOC 25628

  MESQUITA, ANDERSON dos S. ; CAVALCANTE, IAN T. ; SILVA, LEONARDO G. de A. e . Electron beam effect on the thermal and mechanical properties analysis of DGEBA/EPDM compound. In: LI, BOWEN (Ed.); LI, JIAN (Ed.); IKHMAYIES, SHADIA (Ed.); ZHANG, MINGMING (Ed.); KALAY, YUNUS E. (Ed.); CARPENTER, JOHN S. (Ed.); HWANG, JIANN-YANG (Ed.); MONTEIRO, SERGIO N. (Ed.); BAI, CHENGUANG (Ed.); ESCOBEDO-DIAZ, JUAN P. (Ed.); SPENA, PASQUALE R. (Ed.); GOSWAMI, RAMASIS (Ed.). Characterization of Minerals, Metals, and Materials. Cham, CZ, Switzerland: Springer Nature Switzerland AG, 2019. p. 637-646, (The Minerals, Metals & Materials Series). DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-05749-7_63

  Abstract: The aim of this work is to obtain, characterize and irradiate the DGEBA/EPDM compound and compare their thermal and mechanical properties with a non-irradiated DGEBA/EPDM compound. The DGEBA/EPDM compound may be used to cover other materials such as polymers and protect them against high thermal conditions and mechanical effort. The compounds have 0.0, 25.0 and 50.0 wt% of DGEBA. In addition, the compounds were irradiated at 30 and 60 kGy at a dose rate 22.41 kGy/s. The thermal properties (DMA and TGA) and mechanical analysis (tensile strength and elongation at break) were performed. In conclusion, the irradiated DGEBA/EPDM compounds may be used for several applications due to the improvement in their mechanical and thermal properties. Their properties are satisfactory for application that requires stronger material.

  

• IPEN-DOC 25627

  SALES, J.N. ; POVEDA, P.N.S. ; ORTIZ, A. ; VALENZUELA-DIAZ, F.R.; SILVA, L.A. . Effect study of the incorporation of the Green Lake clay in the polypropylene homopolymer properties. In: LI, BOWEN (Ed.); LI, JIAN (Ed.); IKHMAYIES, SHADIA (Ed.); ZHANG, MINGMING (Ed.); KALAY, YUNUS E. (Ed.); CARPENTER, JOHN S. (Ed.); HWANG, JIANN-YANG (Ed.); MONTEIRO, SERGIO N. (Ed.); BAI, CHENGUANG (Ed.); ESCOBEDO-DIAZ, JUAN P. (Ed.); SPENA, PASQUALE R. (Ed.); GOSWAMI, RAMASIS (Ed.). Characterization of Minerals, Metals, and Materials. Cham, CZ, Switzerland: Springer Nature Switzerland AG, 2019. p. 629-636, (The Minerals, Metals & Materials Series). DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-05749-7_62

  Abstract: The advancement of technology has demanded the development of materials with increasingly lighter and more resistant properties. The development of nanocomposites first started in the mid-80s and contributed for obtaining materials with excellent properties. In this work, Green Lake clay was organophilized and incorporated into a commercial homopolymer polypropylene. The efficiency of organophilization was confirmed by water swelling analysis and, later, by Xray diffraction (XRD) analysis. Composites at 0.5, 1.0 and 2% by weight of clay/polypropylene were prepared by double screw extrusion. The properties of the composite were evaluated by means of Charpy impact resistance, tensile strength at rupture, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Crystallinity index was determined by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The organophilization processwas efficient, the thermogravimetric analysis showed that there was no decrease in the thermal stability of the composites when compared to pure polypropylene, and the results of the Charpy impact resistance were equivalent when compared to the commercial nucleant composites.

  

• IPEN-DOC 25626

  ROMANO, REBECA da S.G. ; OLIANI, WASHINGTON L. ; KUMAR, VIJAYA R.; PARRA, DUCLERC F. ; LUGAO, ADEMAR B. . Differences in properties of pro-degradant added PP and gamma-irradiated PP under environmental aging. In: LI, BOWEN (Ed.); LI, JIAN (Ed.); IKHMAYIES, SHADIA (Ed.); ZHANG, MINGMING (Ed.); KALAY, YUNUS E. (Ed.); CARPENTER, JOHN S. (Ed.); HWANG, JIANN-YANG (Ed.); MONTEIRO, SERGIO N. (Ed.); BAI, CHENGUANG (Ed.); ESCOBEDO-DIAZ, JUAN P. (Ed.); SPENA, PASQUALE R. (Ed.); GOSWAMI, RAMASIS (Ed.). Characterization of Minerals, Metals, and Materials. Cham, CZ, Switzerland: Springer Nature Switzerland AG, 2019. p. 591-603, (The Minerals, Metals & Materials Series). DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-05749-7_59

  Abstract: Polypropylene (PP) is used for different sectors of the industry and in consequence produces a large amount of waste discarded at landfills causing serious environmental impacts. Controlled degradation of PP can be achieved by exposing the polymers to defined parameters, such as absorbed radiation dose, weather, oxygen, etc. The aim of this study was to compare two methods of accelerated degradation: gamma irradiation of PP 20 kGy and the incorporation of the commercial pro-degradant d2w® (1 wt%) in PP. Dumbbell samples were manufactured by the injection process and exposed to the environment aging for 90 days. Structural changes in PP macromolecules are created upon exposure to ionizing radiation such as main chain scission, crosslinking and peroxidation (in presence of air). Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TG), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDX), X-ray fluorescence, Fourier-transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and mechanical tests characterized the samples. The samples previously irradiated, PP 20 kGy, after natural aging showed higher oxidation and presence of surface cracks than the PP d2w®. They also showed presence of carbonyl groups and decrease of melting temperature corroborating with oxo-degradation.

  Palavras-Chave: polypropylene; ionizing radiations; gamma radiation; residues; wastes; environment; aging; calorimetry

  

• IPEN-DOC 25625

  REIS, PEDRO R.S. ; SANTANA, JULYANA G. ; OLIVEIRA, RENE R. ; RANGARI, VIJAYA K.; LOURENÇO, FELIPE R.; MOURA, ESPERIDIANA A.B. . Development of biocomposite materials from biodegradable polymer and bio-hydroxyapatite derived from eggshells for biomedical applications. In: LI, BOWEN (Ed.); LI, JIAN (Ed.); IKHMAYIES, SHADIA (Ed.); ZHANG, MINGMING (Ed.); KALAY, YUNUS E. (Ed.); CARPENTER, JOHN S. (Ed.); HWANG, JIANN-YANG (Ed.); MONTEIRO, SERGIO N. (Ed.); BAI, CHENGUANG (Ed.); ESCOBEDO-DIAZ, JUAN P. (Ed.); SPENA, PASQUALE R. (Ed.); GOSWAMI, RAMASIS (Ed.). Characterization of Minerals, Metals, and Materials. Cham, CZ, Switzerland: Springer Nature Switzerland AG, 2019. p. 571-581, (The Minerals, Metals & Materials Series). DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-05749-7_57

  Abstract: Nowadays, significant advances have been made in the development of biodegradable polymeric materials for biomedical applications. This study aims to prepare and characterize composite materials based on PLA/PBAT, a biodegradable polymer blend, reinforced with bio-hydroxyapatite (bio-HAp). First, bio-HAp was obtained from eggshell residues by the wet precipitation method. PLA/PBAT blend with 1.5 wt% of bio-HAp was prepared by melt extrusion and injection molding process. Part of composite samples was irradiated with gamma radiation dose of 25 kGy, at room temperature and presence of air. The effects of the bio-HAp addition into the biodegradable blend were investigated by mechanical tests, XRD, DSC, FESEM, and cytotoxicity “in vitro” analysis and the correlation between the properties was discussed. In addition, the microbiological tests were carried out at irradiated and non-irradiated composite samples in order to evaluate the efficiency of the radiation dose of 25 kGy at composite materials sterilization.

  

• IPEN-DOC 25624

  MONTEIRO, ALEX S. ; BARREIRA, DAILI A.S. ; BARTOLOMEI, SUELLEN S. ; OLIVEIRA, RENE R. ; MOURA, ESPERIDIANA A.B. de . Comparative study of the use of rice husk ashes and graphite as fillers in polypropylene matrix composites. In: LI, BOWEN (Ed.); LI, JIAN (Ed.); IKHMAYIES, SHADIA (Ed.); ZHANG, MINGMING (Ed.); KALAY, YUNUS E. (Ed.); CARPENTER, JOHN S. (Ed.); HWANG, JIANN-YANG (Ed.); MONTEIRO, SERGIO N. (Ed.); BAI, CHENGUANG (Ed.); ESCOBEDO-DIAZ, JUAN P. (Ed.); SPENA, PASQUALE R. (Ed.); GOSWAMI, RAMASIS (Ed.). Characterization of Minerals, Metals, and Materials. Cham, CZ, Switzerland: Springer Nature Switzerland AG, 2019. p. 561-570, (The Minerals, Metals & Materials Series). DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-05749-7_56

  Abstract: In recent years, carbonaceous materials have been widely studied for polymer composite applications due to its capability to improve the engineering properties of the polymeric matrix. Among various carbonaceous fillers, carbon nanotube, graphene, and graphite promise to be a suitable reinforcement of polymers. Rice husk ash (RHA), a large residue rich in carbon and silica produced by the burning of rice husk offers also an immense potential as a carbonaceous filler for polymer composites on account of its lowcost, lowdensity, high strength and elastic modulus, no health risks, and renewability. This work aims at studying the effects of RHA and graphite as fillers in polypropylene (PP) matrix composites. The composites PP/RHA and PP/graphite were produced by melting extrusion process. The materials obtained were subjected to mechanical tests, XRD, TG, and FEG-SEM analyses. Comparison studies between neat PP properties and its composites were carried out.

  

• IPEN-DOC 25623

  MIRANDA, LEILA F. de; MUNHOZ JUNIOR, ANTONIO H.; MASSON, TEREZINHA J.; SILVA, LEONARDO G. de A. e ; FRIEHE, KARL. Characterization of antistatic packaging based on PET/rGO. In: LI, BOWEN (Ed.); LI, JIAN (Ed.); IKHMAYIES, SHADIA (Ed.); ZHANG, MINGMING (Ed.); KALAY, YUNUS E. (Ed.); CARPENTER, JOHN S. (Ed.); HWANG, JIANN-YANG (Ed.); MONTEIRO, SERGIO N. (Ed.); BAI, CHENGUANG (Ed.); ESCOBEDO-DIAZ, JUAN P. (Ed.); SPENA, PASQUALE R. (Ed.); GOSWAMI, RAMASIS (Ed.). Characterization of Minerals, Metals, and Materials. Cham, CZ, Switzerland: Springer Nature Switzerland AG, 2019. p. 523-534, (The Minerals, Metals & Materials Series). DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-05749-7_52

  Abstract: Package for electronic components is one that protects an electronic or electrical device against electrostatic discharge. Traditionally, antistatic packages are produced with polystyrene (PS) or polypropylene (PP) filled with carbon black. Recently, studies have been carried out successfully for the application of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) filled with carbon black. This work aimed to obtain and characterize nanocomposites based on PET filled with reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and compare its physicochemical properties with PET filled with carbon black and PP filled with carbon black used in anti-static packaging. PET compounds containing 0.1; 0.3; 0.5 and 0.7wt% reduced graphene oxide were obtained by the modified Hummers process from the graphite and reduced with hydrazine. The thermomechanical, electrical and morphological properties of the obtained compounds were determined. The results showed that the addition of reduced graphene oxide to PET causes an increase in the melt flow index, also increase the tensile strength and electrical conductivity. The addition of reduced graphene oxide promotes the decrease in the hardness and thermal resistance of the obtained nanocomposites. Nanocomposites based on PET containing 0.5wt% and 0.7wt% reduced graphene oxide can be used in the handling, transport and storage of electronic components since their mechanical, thermal and resistivity properties are satisfactory for this purpose.

  

• IPEN-DOC 25622

  MONTEIRO, ALEX S. ; BARREIRA, DAILI A.S. ; SILVA, JAQUELINE S. ; OLIVEIRA, RENE R. ; VALENZUELA-DIAZ, FRANCISCO R.; MOURA, ESPERIDIANA A.B. . An investigation of mechanical and thermal properties of polypropylene reinforced with different clays. In: LI, BOWEN (Ed.); LI, JIAN (Ed.); IKHMAYIES, SHADIA (Ed.); ZHANG, MINGMING (Ed.); KALAY, YUNUS E. (Ed.); CARPENTER, JOHN S. (Ed.); HWANG, JIANN-YANG (Ed.); MONTEIRO, SERGIO N. (Ed.); BAI, CHENGUANG (Ed.); ESCOBEDO-DIAZ, JUAN P. (Ed.); SPENA, PASQUALE R. (Ed.); GOSWAMI, RAMASIS (Ed.). Characterization of Minerals, Metals, and Materials. Cham, CZ, Switzerland: Springer Nature Switzerland AG, 2019. p. 453-463, (The Minerals, Metals & Materials Series). DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-05749-7_45

  Abstract: Nowadays, environmental awareness and an increasing concern with the greenhouse effect have increased the interest in composite materials containing at least one of the components from natural origin. Natural clays seem to be a good alternative because they are environmentally acceptable, naturally abundant minerals, and due to their ability to intercalate and exfoliate in the polymer matrix led to an improvement in mechanical, thermal and barrier properties, compared to the neat polymer. This work presents an investigation of the effects of incorporation of two different clays on mechanical and thermal properties of polypropylene (PP) matrix. PP with 1.5–3.0 wt% of the Cloisite® (commercial clay), and light green clay (noncommercial Brazilian clay), was prepared by melt extrusion process. The neat PP and its nanocomposites were characterized by mechanical tests, SEM, DSC, TGA and XRD analyses. In addition, clay characterization by XRD has also been carried out.

  

• IPEN-DOC 25621

  BRIGGS, EXAMPLE; MOURA, ESPERIDIANA A.B. de ; FURUSAWA, HELIO A. ; COTRIM, MARYCEL E.B. ; OGUZIE, EMEKA E.; LUGAO, ADEMAR B. . Microplastics: a novel method for surfacewater sampling and sample extraction in Elechi Creek, Rivers State, Nigeria. In: LI, BOWEN (Ed.); LI, JIAN (Ed.); IKHMAYIES, SHADIA (Ed.); ZHANG, MINGMING (Ed.); KALAY, YUNUS E. (Ed.); CARPENTER, JOHN S. (Ed.); HWANG, JIANN-YANG (Ed.); MONTEIRO, SERGIO N. (Ed.); BAI, CHENGUANG (Ed.); ESCOBEDO-DIAZ, JUAN P. (Ed.); SPENA, PASQUALE R. (Ed.); GOSWAMI, RAMASIS (Ed.). Characterization of Minerals, Metals, and Materials. Cham, CZ, Switzerland: Springer Nature Switzerland AG, 2019. p. 269-281, (The Minerals, Metals & Materials Series). DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-05749-7_27

  Abstract: The geometric increase in the production and exploitation of plastics worldwide has several advantages as well as disadvantages due to the mismanagement of plastic waste. These waste products find its way into the aquatic body. Microplastics are plastic particles with its longest diameter less than or equal to 5 mm. Their microscopic nature, irregular color and morphology have made their extraction from the buoyant organic materials problematic. This work documents for the first time, the sampling and sample extraction of microplastics in Nigeria. An optimized sampling and sample extraction protocol for surfacewaterwas developed. The extraction protocolwas developed in a laboratory study using a simulated sample that mimics the environmental sample (microplastics+organic materials). A micronized LDPE (<300 μm) was used for the study and yielded a percentage recovery rate of 82%. The digested microplastics which were subjected to SEM analysis showed a slight change in the surface morphology. Thereafter, the environmental sample was extracted using the developed laboratory protocol and a high positive result was achieved. This protocol improved NOAA’s method of extraction by excluding the use of microscope for the final extraction, which, of course, will yield a biased result. This was achieved by the addition of ethanol to the final solution.

  Palavras-Chave: plastics; pollutants; water pollution; microstructure; sampling; africa; rivers; separation processes; densimeters; plankton; nanoparticles; wet oxidation processes; peroxides; sample preparation; ethanol; scanning electron microscopy

  

• IPEN-DOC 25620

  ZAFALON, ANGELICA T. ; JUVINO, VINICIUS dos S. ; KOMATSU, LUIZ G.H. ; PARRA, DUCLERC F. ; LUGAO, ADEMAR ; SAMUEL, TEMESGEN; RANGARI, VIJAYA. Synthesis and characterization of PVP/CaCO3-Ag blend hydrogel by gamma irradiation: study of drug delivery system and antimicrobial activity. In: LI, BOWEN (Ed.); LI, JIAN (Ed.); IKHMAYIES, SHADIA (Ed.); ZHANG, MINGMING (Ed.); KALAY, YUNUS E. (Ed.); CARPENTER, JOHN S. (Ed.); HWANG, JIANN-YANG (Ed.); MONTEIRO, SERGIO N. (Ed.); BAI, CHENGUANG (Ed.); ESCOBEDO-DIAZ, JUAN P. (Ed.); SPENA, PASQUALE R. (Ed.); GOSWAMI, RAMASIS (Ed.). Characterization of Minerals, Metals, and Materials. Cham, CZ, Switzerland: Springer Nature Switzerland AG, 2019. p. 255-265, (The Minerals, Metals & Materials Series). DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-05749-7_26

  Abstract: Chronic wounds are skin injuries with failed healing. They have become a public health problem that affects more than 2% of the population and the presence of bacteria resistances difficult of treatment. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is opportunist pathogens and the treatment is difficult and requires a long period of treatment. Hydrogels are structure polymeric tridimensional and biocompatible. They have been used as a controlled delivery system for treatment of topic infection. Studies have reported calcium carbonate and silver ion can improve the mechanical properties and biocide activity of hydrogel. Here in this study, hydrogels loaded CaCO3-Ag were prepared using poly (N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone), poly (ethylene glycol), agar, calcium carbonate, silver nitrate followed gamma irradiation with 25 kGy dose. The gel fraction, behavior swelling and biocide action against P. aeruginosawas investigated. The degree of swelling of the hydrogel loaded CaCO3-Ag was 12% higher than the unloaded and exhibited antibacterial effects against P. aeruginosa and biofilm.

  Palavras-Chave: hydrogels; calcium carbonates; antimicrobial agents; gamma radiation; skin; wounds; healing; eggs; silver nitrates; bacteria

  

• IPEN-DOC 25619

  MARCHINI, LEONARDO G. ; PARRA, DUCLERC F. ; RANGARI, VIJAYA K.. Incorporation of silver nanoparticles in zinc oxide matrix in Polyester Thermoplastic Elastomer (TPE-E) aiming antibacterial activity. In: LI, BOWEN (Ed.); LI, JIAN (Ed.); IKHMAYIES, SHADIA (Ed.); ZHANG, MINGMING (Ed.); KALAY, YUNUS E. (Ed.); CARPENTER, JOHN S. (Ed.); HWANG, JIANN-YANG (Ed.); MONTEIRO, SERGIO N. (Ed.); BAI, CHENGUANG (Ed.); ESCOBEDO-DIAZ, JUAN P. (Ed.); SPENA, PASQUALE R. (Ed.); GOSWAMI, RAMASIS (Ed.). Characterization of Minerals, Metals, and Materials. Cham, CZ, Switzerland: Springer Nature Switzerland AG, 2019. p. 79-88, (The Minerals, Metals & Materials Series). DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-05749-7_9

  Abstract: The purpose of present study is to evaluate the antimicrobial potential of Thermoplastic Polyester Elastomer (TPE-E) incorporated with zinc oxide added with colloidal dispersion of metallic silver adsorbed on pyrogenic silica (AgNPs_ZnO). A combination of single screw extruder and hot press technique was used to fabricate these polymer nanocomposite films. These polymer nanocomposite films were prepared by mechanical mixing of 1% (w/w) of oil, anti-oxidant 0.05% (w/w), TPE-E granules 0.5% (w/w) and followed by single screw extruder to produce the pellets. As-prepared pellets were further melted for films in hot press technique. Antimicrobial activity was evaluated according to Japan Industrial Standard—JIS Z 2801 in TPE-E compounds against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Escherichia coli (E. coli). TPE-E samples containing additives 0.05 and 0.5% AgNPs_ZnO presented 75 and93%bactericidal reduction for Gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli (E. coli) and 76 and 92% bactericidal activity reduction for Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), respectively.

  

• IPEN-DOC 25566

  CORDEIRO, GUILHERME L. . Defect engineering in reduced graphene oxide toward advanced energy conversion. In: KAMBLE, GANESH S. (Ed.). Graphene Oxide: applications and opportunities. London: IntechOpen, 2018. p. 93-106, cap. 7. DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.77386

  Abstract: Defect engineering in reduced graphene oxide (rGO) for a smart design of fuel-cell supports has become an effective approach to improve the restricted two-dimensional (2D) mass and charge transfer and to boost the alcohol oxidation reaction. The present minireview describes recent trends across prominent characteristics of tailored reduced graphene oxides, which include but are not restricted to, engineered three-dimensional (3D) nanostructures for better mass transport, tuned electron/hole conduction for easier electrical transport, and hybridized surfaces for high electrocatalytic activity. Special focus fixes upon the experimental progress on defect engineering, from three-dimensional structure assembly to surface metal complexation and heteroatom doping to size-controlled defect formation. Given their crucial impact on reduced graphene oxide properties, controlled methods for synthesis, and processing offer considerable promise toward next-generation carbon nanomaterials for electrocatalysis.

  

• IPEN-DOC 25520

  COLEMAN, CHRISTOPHER E.; MARKELOV, VLADIMIR A.; ROTH, MARIA; MAKAREVICIUS, VIDAS; HE, ZHANG; CHAKRAVARTTY, JAYANTA K.; ALVAREZ-HOLSTON, ANNA-MARIA; ALI, LIAQAT; RAMANATHAN, LALGUDI ; INOZEMTSEV, VICTOR. Is spent nuclear fuel immune from delayed hydride cracking during dry storage? An IAEA coordinated research project. In: COMSTOCK, ROBERT J. (Ed.); MOTTA, ARTHUR T. (Ed.). Zirconium in the Nuclear Industry: 18th International Symposium. West Conshohocken, PA: ASTM International, 2018. p. 1224-1251, (Selected Technical Papers, STP1597). DOI: 10.1520/STP159720160048

  Abstract: Delayed hydride cracking (DHC) has been responsible for cracking in zirconium alloy pressure tubes and fuel cladding and is a concern for spent fuel storage. For cracking to start, sufficient hydrogen must be present for hydride to form at a flaw tip and the local tensile stress must be sufficiently large to crack the hydride (a crack will not extend if the threshold in the stress intensity factor, KIH, is not exceeded. A high-temperature limit exists when the yield stress of the cladding alloy becomes too low to crack the hydride. In this paper we describe measurements of KIH and the crack growth rate, V, in unirradiated Zircaloy-4 fuel cladding containing approximately 130 ppm hydrogen in the cold-worked stress–relieved condition representing pressurized water reactors (PWRs) and pressurized heavy-water (PHWR) reactors. Four methods are used to evaluate KIH. The test specimen and fixture used in these methods was the pin-loading tension configuration. The test temperature ranged from 227 to 315 C. The mean value of KIH below 280 C had little temperature dependence; it was about 5.5 MPaHm in the PWR cladding and slightly higher at 7 MPaHm in the PHWR material. At higher test temperatures, KIH increased dramatically to more than 12 MPaHm, whereas the crack growth rate declined toward zero. This behavior suggests that unirradiated Zircaloy-4 fuel cladding is immune from DHC above about 320 C; this temperature may be increased to 360 C by irradiation. The implications for spent fuel storage are that during early storage when the temperatures are high, any flaw will not extend by DHC, whereas at low temperatures, after many years of storage, flaws would have to be very large, approaching through wall, before being extended by DHC. To date, spent nuclear fuel is not known to have failed by DHC during storage, confirming the inference.

  

• IPEN-DOC 25502

  BENTO, RODRIGO T. ; PILLIS, MARINA F. . Titanium dioxide films for photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange dye. In: YANG, DONGFANG (Ed.). Titanium Dioxide: material for a sustainable environment. London: IntechOpen, 2018. p. 211-225, cap. 11. DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.75528

  Abstract: The aim of this work was to characterize and evaluate the influence of the thickness on the photocatalytic efficiency of titanium dioxide thin films on the degradation of methyl orange dye under UV light irradiation. The films of 280 and 468 nm thick were deposited on borosilicate substrates at 400°C by the MOCVD technique using titanium isoproxide IV as precursor. XRD analyses showed the formation of anatase-TiO2 phase. Crosssectional FE-SEM images show that the films presented a dense columnar structure and grown perpendicularly to the substrate surface. The photocatalytic activity of the catalysts was studied using UV-vis spectrophotometry The TiO2 film with 468 nm of thickness presented higher photocatalytic activity exhibiting 69% of dye degradation. The increase of grain size and thickness of the films promoted an improvement of photocatalytic efficiency.

  

• IPEN-DOC 25260

  CARVALHO FILHO, E.T.; MEDEIROS, J.T.N.; MARTINEZ, L.G. ; PINTO, V.C.. Study of error analysis and sources of uncertainty in the measurement of residual stresses by the X-Ray diffraction. In: SEEFELDT, MARC (Ed.). Residual Stresses. Millersville, PA, USA: Materials Research Forum LLC, 2018. p. 75-80, v. 6, (Materials Research Proceedings). DOI: 10.21741/9781945291890-13

  Abstract: The aim of this work is to analyze the sources of errors inherent to the residual stress measurement process by X-ray diffraction technique making an interlaboratory comparison to verify the reproducibility of the measurements. For this work were machined specimens with grinding finish, with polishing finish and to be a reference standard an iron powder was used To verify the deviations caused by the equipment, those specimens were positioned and with the same analysis condition, seven measurements were carried. To verify sample positioning errors, seven measurements were performed by positioning the sample at each measurement. To check geometry errors, measurements were repeated for the geometry Bragg Brentano and Parallel Beams. In order to verify the reproducibility of the method, the measurements were performed in two different laboratories and equipments. The results were statistically worked out and the quantification the type A errors that suggests that is a significant difference between the methods and orientation of grooves directions.

  

• IPEN-DOC 25254

  FIORI, MARCIO A.; RIELLA, HUMBERTO G. ; KNOB, PAULO J.. Modal nuclear e a matriz energética na América do Sul. In: . Modal nuclear e a matriz energética global: contribuições e tendências do modal nuclear para a matriz energética global. Riga, Letônia: Novas Edições Acadêmicas, 2018. p. 163-207, cap. 6.

  

• IPEN-DOC 25253

  FIORI, MARCIO A.; RIELLA, HUMBERTO G. ; KNOB, PAULO J.. A matriz energética dos principais países usuários do modal nuclear. In: . Modal nuclear e a matriz energética global: contribuições e tendências do modal nuclear para a matriz energética global. Riga, Letônia: Novas Edições Acadêmicas, 2018. p. 75-162, cap. 5.

  

• IPEN-DOC 25252

  FIORI, MARCIO A.; RIELLA, HUMBERTO G. ; KNOB, PAULO J.. Reatores nucleares de Geração III e de Geração IV. In: . Modal nuclear e a matriz energética global: contribuições e tendências do modal nuclear para a matriz energética global. Riga, Letônia: Novas Edições Acadêmicas, 2018. p. 61-74, cap. 4.

  

• IPEN-DOC 25251

  FIORI, MARCIO A.; RIELLA, HUMBERTO G. ; KNOB, PAULO J.. Os reatores nucleares. In: . Modal nuclear e a matriz energética global: contribuições e tendências do modal nuclear para a matriz energética global. Riga, Letônia: Novas Edições Acadêmicas, 2018. p. 37-60, cap. 3.

  

• IPEN-DOC 25250

  FIORI, MARCIO A.; RIELLA, HUMBERTO G. ; DURAZZO, MICHELANGELO . Reatores nucleares - breve introdução. In: . Modal nuclear e a matriz energética global: contribuições e tendências do modal nuclear para a matriz energética global. Riga, Letônia: Novas Edições Acadêmicas, 2018. p. 26-36, cap. 2.

  

• IPEN-DOC 25249

  FIORI, MARCIO A.; RIELLA, HUMBERTO G. ; CARVALHO, ELITA F.U. de . A energia nuclear no mundo – cenário geral na matriz energética global. In: . Modal nuclear e a matriz energética global: contribuições e tendências do modal nuclear para a matriz energética global. Riga, Letônia: Novas Edições Acadêmicas, 2018. p. 12-25, cap. 1.

  

• IPEN-DOC 25248

  PIERETTI, EURICO F. ; RODAS, ANDREA C.D.; ANTUNES, RENATO A.; NEVES, MAURICIO D.M. . Evaluation of the biotribological behavior and cytotoxicity of laser-textured ISO 5832-1 stainless steel for use in orthopedic implants. In: JOHNSON, DAVID (Ed.). Tribology, Lubricants and Additives. London: IntechOpen, 2018. p. 65-76, cap. 4. DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.73140

  Abstract: This chapter evaluated the influence of laser texturing process on the tribological behavior of the ISO 5832-1 austenitic stainless steel (SS). The friction coefficient and wear were determined using ball-cratering wear tests. The laser texturing process was carried out with a nanosecond optical fiber ytterbium laser at four different pulse frequencies. Cytotoxicity tests were carried out to determine if laser texturing affects the biomaterial biocompatibility. For comparison reasons, pristine surfaces were also evaluated. The results indicated that the wear volume and friction coefficient were reduced after laser texturing. The samples were considered noncytotoxic according to the biocompatibility tests as the laser texturing process did not decrease cell’s viability.

  

• IPEN-DOC 25247

  PIERETTI, EURICO F. ; CORREA, OLANDIR V. ; PILLIS, MARINA F. ; NEVES, MAURICIO D.M. das . Electrochemical characterization of an optical fiber laser-treated biomaterial. In: PIGNATELLO, ROSARIO (Ed.); MUSUMECI, TERESA (Ed.). Biomaterials. London: IntechOpen, 2018. p. 75-85, cap. 5. DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.72653

  Abstract: The implant manufacturing process includes texturization to enhance its adhesion and marking the final products for their identification, long-term quality control and traceability. Marking is carried out after cleaning and prior to sterilization. These marks eventually can concentrate stress leading to premature failure. The marked areas are defective regions that affect the passive film formed on the metallic biomaterials used for implants favoring the onset of various corrosion types, such as pitting, crevice or fatigue. This study aims to evaluate the effect of a Yb optical fiber laser marking processes used for metallic implants on the localized corrosion resistance of the austenitic stainless steel ISO 5832-1. This is one of the most used materials for manufacturing implants. The electrochemical behavior of the marked areas obtained by this method was evaluated in a phosphate- buffered saline (PBS) solution with pH of 7.4 and the results were compared with unmarked samples. All tested surfaces were prepared according to the recommendations for the use in surgery. For localized corrosion resistance evaluation, electrochemical tests such as monitoring the open circuit potential (OCP), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and cyclic potentiodynamic polarization measurements were performed. The results showed that the laser marks affect the protector characteristics of the biomaterial’s passive film. Lower pitting resistance was associated to the laser marked areas.

  

• IPEN-DOC 25246

  MORENO, CAROLINA S. ; ROGERO, SIZUE O. ; GALISTEO JUNIOR, ANDRES J.; VIEIRA, DANIEL P. ; CRUZ, AUREA S.; SAKURABA, ROBERTO K.; WELTMAN, EDUARDO; ROGERO, JOSE R. . Analysis of the combined effects of resveratrol and radiation on lung cancer cells. In: WANG, JUE (Ed.). Top 25 Contributions on Cancer Research. Telangana, India: Avid Science, 2019. p. 2-27, cap. 17. (Avid Science Ebooks).

  Abstract: Mucoepidermoid lung carcinoma is frequently manifested by obstructive trachea symptoms. It is necessary to develop effective curative or palliative therapeutic strategies for treating mucoepidermoid lung carcinoma through administration of compounds that improve ionizing radiation treatment, thereby increasing the effects of the treatment on tumor cells while minimizing the effects on normal tissues surrounding the tumor cells. Resveratrol is a polyphenolic phytoalexin present in wines and several plants and has a broad spectrum of biological activities, including antioxidant and anticarcinogenic effects. The biological effects of ionizing radiation plus resveratrol have been examined in different types of cell in many studies. Here, we aimed to verify the effects of resveratrol on mucoepidermoid lung carcinoma cells NCI-H292 exposed to ionizing radiation. In vitro studies in NCI-H292 cell culture using neutral red uptake assays showed that the cytotoxicity index (IC50) of resveratrol was 401.5 μM, and the lethal dose 50 % (LD50) of ionizing radiation in the absence of resveratrol was 693 Gy. In vitro micronucleus assays were then performed to verify the genotoxic effects of resveratrol, and fluorescence assays were performed to evaluate the effects of resveratrol on the cell cycle, repair and injury processes, cellular necrosis, and apoptosis. The results demonstrated that 30 μM resveratrol promote injury on NCI-H292 cells after 24 h of irradiation. Therefore, this study provides results able to support in vitro future investigations about radiosensitive potential of resveratrol in lung cancer cells. There is a need to investigate compounds with potential to improve the local control of lung cancer promoted by radiation therapy. This way avoiding injuries to healthy cells.

  

• IPEN-DOC 25044

  MARTINS-JUNIOR, HELIO A. ; LEBRE, DANIEL T.; WANG, ALEXANDRE Y.; PIRES, MARIA A.F. ; BUSTILLOS, OSCAR V. . Residue analysis of glyphosate and Aminomethylphosphonic Acid (AMPA) in soybean using liquid chromatography coupled with Tandem Mass Spectrometry. In: NG, TZI B. (Ed.). Soybean - biochemistry, chemistry and physiology. Rijeka, Croatia: IntechOpen, 2011. p. 495-506, cap. 27. DOI: 10.5772/15817

  

• IPEN-DOC 25020

  CARDOSO, ELIZABETH C.L. ; OLIVEIRA, RENE R. ; MACHADO, GLAUSON A.F. ; MOURA, ESPERIDIANA A.B. . Study of flexible films prepared from PLA/PBAT blend and PLA E-beam irradiated as compatibilizing agent. In: IKHMAYIES, SHADIA (Ed.); LI, BOWEN (Ed.); CARPENTER, JOHN S. (Ed.); LI, JLAN (Ed.); HWANG, JIANN-YANG (Ed.); MONTEIRO, SERGIO N. (Ed.); FIRRAO, DONATO (Ed.); ZHANG, MINGMING (Ed.); PENG, ZHIWEI (Ed.); ESCOBEDO-DIAZ, JUAN P. (Ed.); BAI, CHENGUANG (Ed.); KALAY, YUNUS E. (Ed.); GOSWAMI, RAMASIS (Ed.); KIM, JEONGGUK (Ed.). Characterization of Minerals, Metals, and Materials. Gewerbestrasse, Switzerland: Springer International Publishing AG., 2017. p. 121-129, (The Minerals, Metals & Materials Series). DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-51382-9_14

  Abstract: Plastics global annual production exceeds 250 million tons and more than 40% of the total plastic production is used as packaging materials. In recent years polymeric materials derived from biomass have received great attention due to scarce petroleum resources and environmental concerns. PLA is one of the most extensively studied bio-based and bio-compostable aliphatic polyesters; nevertheless, high brittleness and low toughness limits its application. Blending PLA with PBAT (Poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate)), an aliphatic-aromatic copolyester, was the solution found due to its high toughness and biodegradability. Differences between PLA and PBAT solubility parameter values lead to the formation of immiscible blends as well as reduction in their mechanical performance besides a poor morphology; so, 5% of pre-irradiated PLA and a previous compatibilized PLA/PBAT (EcovioTM) were added to PLA/PBAT blends in order to improve miscibility phases. Investigations were accomplished on phase morphology (SEM), mechanical properties, thermal behavior and X-ray diffractions (XRD).

  

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