MARCOS ANTONIO HORTELLANI

MARCOS ANTONIO HORTELLANI

Página do item completo

Resultados de Busca

Agora exibindo 1 - 10 de 46

Monitoração ambiental de metais do grupo da platina (Pt, Pd e Rh) em amostras de poeira (road dust) coletadas em vias com tráfego intenso de veículos na cidade de São Paulo
2019 - HORTELLANI, MARCOS A.
Na poeira acumulada nas ruas das cidades ("road dust"), encontra-se a presença de platina, paládio e ródio (Elementos do Grupo da Platina, os EGPs) liberados, devido aos desgastes com o uso, pelos catalisadores automobilísticos utilizados nos escapamentos, para controle das emissões de gases poluentes. Amostras de "road dust" de algumas das principais vias de tráfego intenso da cidade de São Paulo foram avaliadas quanto aos EPGs em 18 (dezoito) locais estrategicamente escolhidos e amostradas em 3 (três) campanhas de coleta (julho de 2008, julho - agosto de 2016 e julho de 2018). Para a realização deste trabalho foi utilizada metodologia para amostragem, preparação das amostras, digestão, separação dos interferentes da matriz por cromatográfica por troca iônica e a análise dos íons dos EGPs por espectrometria de massa com fonte de plasma, ICP-MS. A separação cromatográfica foi otimizada pelo acompanhamento da manutenção da razão isotópica natural, comprovando-se a eliminação dos íons interferentes durante a separação. A validação da metodologia proposta foi realizada utilizando-se os parâmetros de seletividade, efeito matriz, faixa de trabalho, linearidade, limites de detecção (LD) e de quantificação (LQ), precisão, exatidão e recuperação. Foi estimada a incerteza da medida, composta pela combinação da incerteza analítica e a incerteza de amostragem. Foi calculado o índice de poluição por metais, MPI, e o fator de enriquecimento, EF, dos EGPs. Nessas amostras foram quantificados os elementos nos intervalos: Pt (2,6 - 227 ng g-1), Pd (16,3 - 1875 ng g-1) e Rh (2,02 - 257 ng g-1). Os pontos de coleta das poeiras localizados na Av. da Consolação, na Av. Paulista e na Av. Rebouças, próximo às avenidas Consolação e Paulista, todas regiões com tráfego intenso e lento de veículos, apresentaram os valores mais elevados das concentrações dos EGPs e, portanto, também os maiores índices de poluição, "metal pollution index" (MPI), e dos fatores de enriquecimento "EF", evidenciando que esses EGPs são originários do desgaste dos catalisadores automotivos. Foram verificadas alterações nas razões entre os EGPs de 2008, 2016 e 2018, principalmente o aumento na concentração de paládio e diminuição na concentração da platina, diferenças essas ocorridas de acordo com as alterações feitas pela indústria automobilística nos catalisadores devido ao alto custo da platina.
Natural factors and chemical contamination control the structure of macrobenthic communities in the Santos Estuarine System (SP, Brazil)
2019 - ABESSA, D.M.S.; RACHID, B.R.F.; ZARONI, L.P.; GASPARRO, M.R.; PINTO, Y.A.; BICEGO, M.C.; HORTELLANI, M.A.; SARKIS, J.E.S.; MUNIZ, P.; MOREIRA, L.B.; SOUSA, E.C.P.M.
The Santos Estuarine System (SES) is a complex of bays, islands, estuarine channels, and rivers located on the Southeast coast of Brazil, in which multiple contaminant sources are situated in close proximity to mangroves and other protected areas. In this study, the composition and structure of the macrobenthic communities of SES were described and ninetynine species were identified, with the predominance of polychaetes and bivalve mollusks. The benthic assemblages also showed strong signs of stress, as indicated by the low abundance, richness and diversity, and the dominance of opportunistic species. Integrated analysis including sediment characteristics related to natural and anthropogenic factors (e.g., sediment chemistry, and toxicity) indicated that benthic fauna from the inner portions of the SES and vicinities of the SSOS diffusers as Santos Bay were affected. Some locations at the mouths of Santos and Sao Vicente estuaries exhibited moderate disturbance. In other sites from the mouth of São Vicente and Bertioga channels, and Santos Bay, the benthic fauna were considered not degraded. Our results suggest that a combination of both environmental factors and contaminants were responsible for the benthic community structure.
Organotropism of total mercury (THg) in Cichla pinima, ecological aspects and human consumption in fish from Amazon region, Brazil
2019 - AZEVEDO, JULIANA de S.; HORTELLANI, MARCOS A.; SARKIS, JORGE E. de S.
Specimens of the Cichla pinima are of ecological and economic importance in the Amazon region and are a good bioindicator species of Hg bioaccumulation. Adult specimens of Cichla pinima were obtained by fisheries in the Tapajós river region’s impacted gold mining area. Tissues such as muscle, liver, skin, and gill were submitted for total mercury (THg) analysis. For hepatic bioavailability, assays were carried out in the whole liver and in the sub-cellular hepatic fraction. The weight–length relationship showed an equation ofW= 2E− 06L3.3002 (R2 = 0.856) indicating an allometric growth. The mean THg values found in the muscle tissue of 676 ± 258 μg kg−1 were below the maximum limit established for human consumption, but were similar to Cichla fish from other areas impacted by Hg in the Amazon region. The trends of levels in the tissues were as follows: liver>muscle>gonads>skin>gill, with no significant differences between the gills and skin. A significant and positive correlation as rs = 0.65 was obtained between the THg contents in cytosolic fraction and the total hepatic THg (liver homogenate). However, only 7% of the THg were found and were available to the sub-cellular hepatic fraction. This profile can be an indicative of a hepatic cellular transference in fish exposed to high Hg levels in the Amazon region now that low concentrations of Hg have been found in the sub-cellular fraction. However, data of differential THg partition in the subcellular compartments should be considered, since others’ hepatic fractions can act in the Hg linkage into the cell.
In vitro biocompatibility of new bioactive lithia-silica glass-ceramics
2019 - DAGUANO, JULIANA K.M.B.; MILESI, MARIANA T.B.; RODAS, ANDREA C.D.; WEBER, ALINE F.; SARKIS, JORGE E.S.; HORTELLANI, MARCOS A.; ZANOTTO, EDGAR D.
Glass-ceramics based on the Li2O-SiO2 system have been extensively used as restorative dental materials due to their excellent chemical durability, aesthetics, inertness in the buccal environment, and high fracture strength; but they are not bioactive. On the other hand, all known bioactive glasses show ability to bond to bone, teeth and cartilage coupled to osteoconduction and osteoinduction, but their fracture strength and toughness are rather low. The aim of this study is to develop and evaluate the in vitro biocompatibility of a new type of (bioactive and strong) lithia-silica glass-ceramic. For these purposes, two types of glass-ceramics based on a multicomponent lithia-silica system were studied: lithium metasilicate (LM) and lithium disilicate (LD). The in vitro bioactivity study was conducted in a SBF solution, before and after different times of immersion; the new materials were analyzed by XRD, FTIR, and SEM. Some samples were subjected to in vitro biodegradation tests to quantify the release of lithium and the weight loss. Cytotoxicity, adhesion, and cell proliferation on different samples were examined by using the Methyl Tetrazolium salt (MTS) and Alizarin Red. For ~40 vol% crystallinity, lithium metasilicate was detected as the major phase, whereas for ~80 vol% crystallinity, lithium disilicate was the major phase. The LD proved to be strong (3p-bending strength of 233 ± 12 MPa) and bioactive after 14 days of immersion in SBF. In terms of lithium ion release, the LD was outside the toxic range (> 8.3 ppm). The LM and LD are not cytotoxic. The LD shows the best cellular adhesion and proliferation, leading to the formation of a mineralized matrix after 21 days. These results clearly suggest that the new LD brand is strong and highly biocompatible and warrants further study.
Bioaccumulation of total mercury (THg) in catfish (Siluriformes, Ariidae) with different sexual maturity from Cananéia-Iguape estuary, SP, Brazil
2019 - PECORARO, GIULLIANA D.; HORTELLANI, MARCOS A.; HAGIWARA, YURI S.; BRAGA, ELISABETE S.; SARKIS, JORGE E.; AZEVEDO, JULIANA S.
In order to improve the knowledge of total mercury (THg) bioaccumulation in bioindicator species of sea catfish (Siluriformes, Ariidae) and taking into account the relatively recent approach with respect to estuarine fish on the Brazilian coast, 65 individuals were caught in the northern and southern regions of the Cananeia estuary to determine the concentration of the THg in muscles, gills, gonads and kidney of the Cathorops spixii and Genidens genidens specimens. The difference in the THg accumulation associated to the maturity of the catfish reflects a differential metabolism regarding THg bioaccumulation in adults (males and females) and juveniles. These observations reinforce the importance of considering the maturity of the individual in order to understand the bioaccumulation and metabolism of fish under different environmental stress and conditions. Furthermore, abiotic conditions such as salinity should be evaluated in association with metabolic/biological conditions of the fish’s bioindicators, especially in environments with large natural or anthropogenic transition gradients.
Assessing the sediment quality of the Laje de Santos marine state park and other marine protected areas of the central coast of São Paulo (Brazil)
2017 - ABESSA, DENIS; VICENTE, THAISA M.; MOREIRA, LUCAS B.; MORAIS, LUCAS G.; CRUZ, ANA C.F.; MASSONETTO, MIRELLA; CAMPOS, BRUNO G. de; BICEGO, MARCIA C.; TANIGUCHI, SATIE; HORTELLANI, MARCOS A.; SARKIS, JORGE E. de S.
In this study, the quality of sediments from three Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) located on the coast of São Paulo (Laje de Santos Marine State Park - PEMLS; Xixova-Japui State Park - XJSP; and Central Coast Marine Protection Area - APAMLC) was assessed. Four sampling surveys were conducted (September/October 2013; January 2014; July 2014; January 2015). Sediment samples were collected at10 sites, distributed along the 3 MPAs. Samples were analyzed for sediment texture, total organic carbon, CaCO3, metals, aliphatic and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and for whole-sediment and sediment-water interface toxicities. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to integrate data. Most of the sediments exhibited low concentrations of chemicals, with the exception of those from P2 (APAMLC) where moderate levels of contaminants were detected. Sediments from P7 and P9 (PEMLS) occasionally showed signs of petroleum hydrocarbons. The other sediments showed no relevant contamination but presented variable toxicity, especially those of bioclastic composition. The PCA indicated a contribution of the sediment properties to the toxicities, especially the CaCO3. In bioclastic sediments, toxicity might be due to physical causes by or any indirect factor such as the presence of ammonia. It was concluded that both natural and anthropic factors are causing toxicity in sediments from the MPAs studied.
Assessing legacy contaminants in sediments from marine protected areas of the central coast of São Paulo (Brazil)
2017 - MOREIRA, LUCAS B.; VICENTE, THAISA M.; TANIGUCHI, SATIE; HORTELLANI, MARCOS A.; SARKIS, JORGE E.S.; BICEGO, MARCIA C.; ABESSA, DENIS M. de S.
The presence of legacy contaminants in sediments from three Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) of the coast of São Paulo State was evaluated. Four sampling surveys were conducted between 2013 and 2015 in 10 sites, distributed along the Laje de Santos Marine and Xixova-Japui State Parks (PEMLS and XJSP, respectively) and Central Coast Marine Protection Area (APAMLC). Samples were analyzed for sediment texture, total organic carbon, CaCO3, metals (Al, Fe, Hg, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn), aliphatic and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (AH and PAH). Sediments were generally sandy (excepting muddy samples from APAMLC), with variable amounts of TOC, OM and CaCO3. Most of the sediments exhibited low to moderate concentrations of metals, except APAMLC. Low contamination of sediments by hydrocarbons was found but samples from XLSP and APAMLC exhibited the highest concentrations of biogenic AH and PAH from pyrogenic sources. In APAMLC and PEMLS, the levels of metals can be considered as background levels according to geochemical indices (Igeo and EF). In XJSP and especially in APAMLC data indicated poor sediment quality, probably due to the effect of anthropic activities.
Effects of harbor activities on sediment quality in a semi-arid region in Brazil
2017 - MOREIRA, LUCAS B.; CASTRO, ITALO B.; HORTELLANI, MARCOS A.; SASAKI, SILVIO T.; TANIGUCHI, SATIE; PETTI, MONICA A.V.; FILLMANN, GILBERTO; SARKIS, JORGE E.S.; BICEGO, MARCIA C.; COSTA-LOTUFO, LETICIA V.; ABESSA, DENIS M.S.
Tropical marine environments are rich in biodiversity and the presence of harbor activities in these areas can harm the coastal ecosystems. In this study, we assessed sediment quality of two harbors from a tropical region in Brazil by applying multiple lines-of-evidence approach. This approach included the integration of results on: (1) grain size, organic matter, organic carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, trace metals, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, linear alkylbenzenes, and tributyltin; (2) acute toxicity of whole sediments and chronic toxicity of liquid phases; and (3) benthic community descriptors. Our results revealed that the main contaminants detected in sediments from Mucuripe and Pecém Harbors were chromium, copper, nitrogen, zinc, and tributyltin. These toxicants arise from typical harbor activities. However, the changes in benthic composition and structure appear to depend on a combination of physical impacts, such as the deposition of fine sediments and the toxic potential of contaminants, especially in Mucuripe. Thus, apart from toxicants physical processes are important in describing risks. This information may assist in management and conservation of marine coastal areas.
Comparison of direct mercury analyzer and FIA-CV-AAS in determination of methylmercury in fish
2016 - ULRICH, J.C.; HORTELLANI, M.A.; SARKIS, J.E.S.; NAKATSUBO, MARIANA A.
Methylmercury (MeHg) has been determined in fish reference materials by direct mercury analyzer (DMA 80) and FIA-CV-AAS. In order to evaluate accuracy, certified reference materials (Fish protein, NRCC - Dorm 4 and fish material, Ipen - Dourada 1) were analyzed after extraction and separation of mercury species. Good agreement of the results have been obtained (relative error of the determination between the methods varied from 1.5 % to 39 %). The repeatability of the results varied from 4 % to 26 %.
Avaliação espacial dos teores de mercúrio total (THg) em ariídeos bioindicadores: uma estratégia preliminar de monitoração e conservação para o complexo estuarino-lagunar de Cananéia-Iguape
2016 - HAGIWARA, Y.S.; PECORARO, G.D.; HORTELLANI, M.A.; SARKIS, J.E.S.; AZEVEDO, J.S.
O mercúrio é um metal de grande importância ambiental, tanto pelos efeitos adversos que pode causar ao ambiente quanto aos danos associados à biota. O Complexo Estuarino-Lagunar de Cananéia-Iguape (CELCI) pode ser caracterizado ambientalmente de acordo com os diferentes processos hidrodinâmicos e influência antropogênica. A porção Norte do estuário representa um local de maior influência humana devido a plantações, construções, como o Vale Grande, e a presença do rio Ribeira do Iguape que contribui com aporte fluvial ao sistema estuarino. O setor Sul, por sua vez, apresenta condições mais preservadas, com uma hidrodinâmica mais acentuada regida pelo fluxo de maré e proximidade com o oceano. Deste modo, estudos sobre monitoramento na região de Cananéia (SP) apresentam elevada relevância. Cathorops spixii, bagres estuarinos da família Ariidae, tem sido utilizado como espécies bioindicadoras de contaminação por metais. O presente estudo objetivou verificar a existência de diferenças entre os setores Norte e Sul do CELCI, a partir da quantificação dos teores de THg no tecido muscular de Ariídeos bioindicadores de contaminação. Adicionalmente, os índices somáticos Fator de Condição (FC) e Índice Hepatossomático (IHS) foram calculados, uma vez que podem fornecer informações do bem-estar do indivíduo quanto ao ambiente em que se encontra e do grau de trofia hepática. 61 exemplares de Ariídeos foram coletados em agosto de 2014 nos setores Norte (n = 28) e Sul (n = 33) do CELCI. Após coleta e tomada dos dados biométricos, os peixes foram dissecados para retirada do tecido muscular para análise quanto a concentração de THg por via direta, através de decomposição termal utilizando um DMA-80 Direct Mercury Analyzer – Milestone. Dados dos índices somáticos mostraram valores ligeiramente maiores para os peixes amostrados na região Sul (IHS = 1,94±0,46 e FC = 0,80±0,06) quando comparado aos peixes do setor Norte (IHS = 1,78±0,38 e FC = 0,72±0,06) do CELCI, indicando condições bióticas mais estáveis quanto à trofia hepática e bem estar para os exemplares do setor Sul. Em relação aos dados de THg, os Ariídeos do setor Sul apresentaram uma variação de THg de 33,49 a 455,11 μg Kg-1 enquanto que os indivíduos do setor Norte variaram a concentração de THg de 34,24 a 247,56 μg Kg-1. Os valores de mediana entre os 2 setores não mostraram diferenças significativas nos teores de THg (Sul: 64,69 μg Kg-1; Norte: 60,25 μg Kg-1). Em conjunto, os dados dos índices somáticos e dos teores de THg demonstram um melhor grau de bem-estar para os peixes da área mais preservada, com baixos e similares teores de THg entre os setores Norte e Sul não indicando condições disruptoras significativas para estes organismos. Entretanto, deve-se considerar, que por ser tratar de uma área de proteção ambiental, mesmo em baixas concentrações, a monitoração do THg faz-se necessária, uma vez que seu ingresso no estuário pode estar relacionado a região de Ribeira de Iguape, no setor Norte do estuário.