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  • Artigo IPEN-doc 30205
    Cobalt doping effects in zinc oxide
    2024 - PEREIRA, LUCIANO F.D.; FERREIRA, WANDERSON L.; CORREA, BRUNO S.; COSTA, MESSIAS S.; COSTA, CLEIDILANE S.; FILHO, ARNALDO A.M.; SALES, TATIANE S.N.; BOSCH-SANTOS, BRIANNA; SCHELL, JULIANA; BURIMOVA, ANASTASIA; SAXENA, RAJENDRA N.; CABRERA-PASCA, GABRIEL A.; CARBONARI, ARTUR W.
    In this paper, we investigate the solubility effects of Co in ZnO (Zn1−xCoxO, where x = 0, 0.03, 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.25, 0.4, 0.8, and 1) by combining the results of perturbed angular correlation (PAC) spectroscopy using highly diluted 111Cd as probe nuclei and ab initio calculations based on spin-density functional theory (SDFT). This combined approach enables us to characterize the local structure around Cd ions, where, through PAC technique, it was possible to measure the EFG as a function of temperature and Co concentration and thereby monitor the changes in the structure and the Co solubility threshold in ZnO and the ZnO/CoO/Co3O4 mixed phase. The full-potential linear augmented plane wave plus local orbital (APW+lo) formalism were used here to describe the electronic structure of the supercells, including the atomic relaxations. These Ab initio calculations show an interesting behavior of the Cd and Co impurity levels in the band structure of ZnO, which explains the experimental results in terms of the origin of EFG and the evidence of ferromagnetic response.
  • Artigo IPEN-doc 29041
    Local crystalline structure of doped semiconductor oxides characterized by perturbed angular correlations
    2022 - BURIMOVA, ANASTASIA; CARBONARI, ARTUR W.; LIMA, NICOLE P. de; MIRANDA FILHO, ARNALDO A.; SOUZA, ALEXANDRE P. dos S.; SALES, TATIANE da S.N.; FERREIRA, WANDERSON L.; PEREIRA, LUCIANO F.D.; CORREA, BRUNO S.; SAXENA, RAJENDRA N.
    Doping semiconductor oxides with trace amounts of non-native elements can improve their properties such as bandgap and conductivity. The lack of local techniques makes the precise characterization of these materials difficult. Among the few techniques capable of providing local characterization, those based on hyperfine interactions at probe nuclei have the advantage of being well established, probing the material homogeneously and completely, thus investigating different regions of material. Some of these techniques are also quite sensitive even at extremely low dopant concentrations. The perturbed angular correlation technique, combined with first-principles calculations, has recently been shown to be a powerful method for characterizing doped semiconductor oxides. In this paper, we present a brief review of the unique information extracted from the semiconductor investigation with such a complex approach, including semiconductor oxides doped with cadmium and other elements. A strong relationship between the local environment, including electronic structure, and the nature of the dopant and the native element of the doped oxides is also shown.
  • Artigo IPEN-doc 27768
    DFT-based calculations of the magnetic hyperfine interactions at Cd sites in RCd (R = rare earth) compounds with the FP-LAPW ELK code
    2021 - MACIEL, L.S.; BURIMOVA, A.; PEREIRA, L.F.D.; FERREIRA, W.L.; SALES, T.S.N.; GONÇALVES, V.C.; CABRERA-PASCA, G.A.; SAXENA, R.N.; CARBONARI, A.W.
    In the work here reported, we have calculated magnetic hyperfine interactions in rare-earth (R) intermetallic compounds by using the free open-source all-electron ELK code. The RCd (R = Ce, Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb) series was chosen as a test system because an almost complete set of experimental data on the hyperfine parameters at Cd sites was acquired through the time differential perturbed angular correlation (TDPAC) spectroscopy as previously reported. Moreover, results on magnetic hyperfine field (Bhf ) from WIEN2k code were also reported allowing a qualitative comparison analysis. We emphasize that the utilized version of ELK accounted for the contact field only. Yet, as it is the only contribution expected for Cd site in RCd compounds, the calculated Bhf values are in reasonable agreement with the experimental results. The Spin-orbit coupling when taken into account led to a decrease in deviation from experimental data. Addition, the Hubbard-like term was revealed crucial in order to make Bhf predictions for CeCd, suggesting that this behavior may be associated with a weaker 4f electron localization in Ce.
  • Artigo IPEN-doc 27751
    Synthesis and characterization of Fe3O4-HfO2 nanoparticles by hyperfine interactions measurements
    2021 - SALES, T.S.N.; BURIMOVA, A.; RODRIGUES, P.S.; MATOS, I.T.; CABRERA-PASCA, G.A.; SAXENA, R.N.; PEREIRA, L.F.D.; OTUBO, L.; CARBONARI, A.W.
    Nanoparticles (NPs) that combine biocompatibility and enhanced physical characteristics for biomedical applications are currently an area of intense scientific research. Hafnium oxide NPs are an innovative approach in the anticancer treatment by radiotherapy due to their low toxicity and enhancement of local dose in the tumor reducing the total radiation dose for the patient. The combination of this property with the excellent magnetic hyperthermia performance of Fe3O4 NPs can produce a promising nanomaterial for cancer therapy. In this work, we attempted to synthesize nanoscale samples of HfO2 doped with nominal 10 at.% Fe, and Fe3O4 doped with Hf at 10 at.% level using simple chemical routes. The crystal structure of the samples was characterized by X-ray diffraction. The material was irradiated with neutrons in a research reactor, the nuclear reaction 180Hf(n, γ)181Hf yielding the probe nucleus 181Hf(181Ta) used in the perturbed angular correlations experiments to measure hyperfine interactions. Despite their immediate response to the external magnetic field, at local level both samples showed only electric quadrupole interaction typical of the monoclinic hafnia indicating that Fe replaces Hf in HfO2 NPs, but, rather than substituting Fe, Hf enters magnetite in the form of HfO2 clusters. Transmission Electron Microscopy was exploited to study the morphology of these complex systems, as well as to localize hafnia clusters and understand the nature of their coupling to Fe3O4 specks.
  • Artigo IPEN-doc 27552
    Local inspection of magnetic properties in GdMnIn by measuring hyperfine interactions
    2021 - CABRERA-PASCA, G.A.; MAGNO, J.F.; FERREIRA, W.L.; CAMPOS, A.C.; BOSCH-SANTOS, B.; SALES, T.S.N.; PEREIRA, L.F.D.; BURIMOVA, A.; SAXENA, R.N.; FREITAS, R.S.; CARBONARI, A.W.
    GdMnIn is reported to crystallize in the hexagonal MgNi2-type structure presenting a spin-glass behavior with no magnetic order attributed to the triangular spin frustration of magnetic ions. In the present work, FC-ZFC magnetization, specific heat and AC susceptibility measurements along with the local magnetic exchange measured by hyperfine interactions at In sites are used to investigate the magnetic behavior in GdMnIn compound. The ZFC-FC magnetization curves exhibit an inflection which was ascribed to the antiferromagnetic transition at TN= 145 K. These curves also give an indication of thermomagnetic irreversibility at 118 K, which along with the absence of inflection in specific heat results might be associated to spin-glass behavior. Results of AC susceptibility and magnetic hyperfine field measured using 111In(111Cd) probe nuclei carried out by perturbed angular correlations (PAC) technique did not show evidence of spin-glass behavior. The thermomagnetic irreversibility in FC-ZFC curves along with results of hyerfine interactions suggest the presence of magneto-crystalline anisotropy effects and a weak long-range coupling in GdMnIn.
  • Artigo IPEN-doc 25614
    Low temperature synthesis of pure and Fe-doped HfSiO4: Determination of Si and Fe fractions by neutron activation analysis
    2019 - SALES, T.N.S.; BOSCH-SANTOS, B.; SAIKI, M.; BURIMOVA, A.; PEREIRA, L.F.D.; SAXENA, R.N.; CARBONARI, A.W.
    A new method of synthesis of hafnium silicate HfSiO4 (also known as hafnon) is reported. We observed a selfcontrolled incorporation of SiO2 from the quartz tube in which a sample of hafnium oxide nanoparticles was heated. This approach was then adapted to Fe-doped hafnon production. Sample structure, morphology and composition were characterized by X-ray diffraction, electron microscopy and neutron activation analysis. Diffraction data has shown that lattice parameters of doped HfSiO4 thus obtained are very close to those previously known for bare hafnon. The hafnon-like phase stabilized at T=900 °C which is about 500 °C lower than the corresponding transition of bare bulk hafnium silicate. The fractions of Si and Fe in the composite matrices were determined with neutron activation analysis. These results completed by X-ray diffraction data allowed to assume that (i) Fe initially substituted Hf in the HfO2 lattice; (ii) there was no migration of iron atoms from Hf to Si sites at the formation of hafnon-like phase; (iii) doped and undoped hafnium oxide has taken as much Si from the quartz as was needed for the arrangement of Fe1-xHfxSiO4 tetragonal system, 0≤x<0.2. Our results are consistent with those obtained for similar materials, such as metal (Fe,V) doped zircon, where the dopant also demonstrated catalytic effect on phase stabilization.
  • Artigo IPEN-doc 23107
    Stable tetragonal phase and magnetic properties of Fe-doped HfO2 nanoparticles
    2017 - SALES, T.S.N.; CAVALCANTE, F.H.M.; BOSCH-SANTOS, B.; PEREIRA, L.F.D.; CABRERA-PASCA, G.A.; FREITAS, R.S.; SAXENA, R.N.; CARBONARI, A.W.
    In this paper, the effect in structural and magnetic properties of iron doping with concentration of 20% in hafnium dioxide (HfO2) nanoparticles is investigated. HfO2 is a wide band gap oxide with great potential to be used as high-permittivity gate dielectrics, which can be improved by doping. Nanoparticle samples were prepared by sol-gel chemical method and had their structure, morphology, and magnetic properties, respectively, investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with electron back scattering diffraction (EBSD), and magnetization measurements. TEM and SEM results show size distribution of particles in the range from 30 nm to 40 nm with small dispersion. Magnetization measurements show the blocking temperature at around 90 K with a strong paramagnetic contribution. XRD results show a major tetragonal phase (94%).