LUCAS FAUSTINO TOMAZ
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Capítulo IPEN-doc 28372 Characteristics of PB2+ doped CsI matrix under gamma and neutron excitations2021 - PEREIRA, MARIA da C.C.; MADI FILHO, TUFIC; BERRETTA, JOSE R.; TOMAZ, LUCAS F.In recent years, there has been an increasing interest in finding new fast scintillating material or improve the characteristics of known scintillatorsfor the demand of high energy physics, industrial and nuclear medical applications. Divalent lead ions Pb2+ built in some crystal structures are efficient emission centers and their applications in scintillators wereand arestill the reason of an intensive study of emission properties of different compounds containing these ions. In this context, the crystals of Pb2+ doped CsI matrix were grown by the vertical Bridgman techniqueandsubjected to annealing in vacuum of 10-6 mbar and constanttemperatureof 350°C, for 24 hours, and then they were employed. To evaluate the response of the CsI:Pb scintillator crystal to gamma radiation, radioactive sources of 137Cs (662 keV), 60Co (1173 keV and 1333 keV), 22Na (511 keV and 1275 keV) and 133Ba (355 keV) wereused. The operating voltage of the photomultiplier was 2700 V for the detection of gamma rays and the accumulation time in the counting process was 600 s. The scintillator response to neutron radiation from a radioactive source of AmBe with energy range of 1 to 12 MeV was available. The activity of the AmBe source was 1 Ci Am. The emission ratewas 2.2x 106 neutrons/ second. The operating voltage of the photomultiplier tube was 1300 V. The accumulation time in the counting process was 600 s. With the results obtained, it may be observed that the crystals are sensitive to these radiations.Artigo IPEN-doc 27897 Growth and optical characteristics of the CsI:Li scintillator crystal for use as radiation detector2021 - PEREIRA, M.C.C.; FILHO, T.M.; TOMAZ, L.F.; BERRETTA, J.R.Materials capable of converting ionizing radiation into light photons are called scintillators, some have specific efficiencies for certain applications and types of radiation, e.g. gamma, X-ray, alpha, beta and neutrons. CsI:Tl and NaI:Tl crystals are commonly found in the market because they have several applications, but few studies have been done on lithium doped cesium iodide crystal (CsI:Li). The lithium element, in this crystal used as a dopant, is also exploited as a converter for neutron detection, as it has a shock section of 940 barns for thermal neutrons. The study of the CsI:Li crystal is convenient considering the natural abundance of the lithium element with 7.5%, besides the interest in having a low cost national scintillator material, with an opportunity to search for the response of a detector for different types of radiation. The CsI:Li crystal was grown with molar concentration 10-4 to 10-1, using the vertical Bridgman technique. The parameters involved in the growth process were investigated. The transmittance was evaluated in the spectral region from 190 nm to 1100 nm. Luminescence emission spectra for the CsI:Li crystal were evaluated by photometric analysis of the crystal stimulated with a 137Cs (662 keV) source in front of the coupled sample at the monochromator input. The crystals showed maximum luminescence intensity at the wavelength of 420 nm. It was evaluated the response of the scintillators, when excited with gamma radiation of 241Am, 133Ba, 22Na, 137Cs, 60Co and neutron radiation from the AmBe source, with energy range of 1 MeV to 12 Mev.Dissertação IPEN-doc 27296 Otimização do crescimento de cristais cintiladores inorgânicos em matriz CsI dopada com lítio para uso como detectores de radiação2019 - TOMAZ, LUCAS F.São denominados cintiladores os materiais sólidos, líquidos ou gasosos capazes de converter radiação de alta energia em radiação no espectro ultravioleta ou visível de forma eficiente, ao absorver de maneira parcial ou total a radiação incidente. No que se refere a área de investigação de cristais cintiladores, os inorgânicos ocupam considerável espaço no grupo dos cintiladores utilizados nas áreas de trabalho com radiação, aplicados como detectores. Este trabalho teve por objetivo desenvolver cristais cintiladores inorgânicos em matriz de CsI, utilizando o íon lítio (Li+) como elemento dopante em concentrações de 10-1 M, 10-2 M, 10-3 M e 10-4 M por meio da técnica de Bridgman. Estudou-se o comportamento dos cristais excitando-os com diferentes níveis de energia de radiação alfa, gama e também com radiação de nêutrons e comparou-se os resultados a matriz pura de CsI. Os cristais foram excitados com radiação gama no intervalo de energia de 59 keV à 1333 keV, radiação alfa com energia de 5,54 MeV e com radiação de nêutrons com energia de 1 MeV a 12 MeV. Os cristais CsI:Li também foram submetidos a caracterizações físicas e químicas tais como: transmitância óptica, emissão de luminescência, distribuição do dopante Li ao longo do eixo de crescimento e confirmação da estrutura cristalina. Os cristais dopados com lítio apresentaram melhor resposta a radiação alfa quando comparados com o cristal CsI puro e a sensibilidade aumenta conforme o também aumento da concentração do dopante Li, cristais CsI:Li com as concentrações de 10-2 M e 10-3 M apresentaram a melhor altura de pulso para radiação gama. Os cristais CsI:Li apresentaram sensibilidade a detecção de nêutrons, com volume de contagens expressivamente superior ao cristal de CsI puro. Os cristais de CsI:Li 10-3 M e 10-2 M apresentaram melhor detecção à radiação de nêutrons no intervalo de concentração do dopante Li estudado. A adição do Li à matriz CsI resultou em cristais com resultados promissores para uso como detectores, quando excitados com radiação alfa,radiaçao gama e radiação de nêutrons.Artigo IPEN-doc 25746 Characteristics of Pb2+ doped CsI matrix under gamma and neutron excitations2019 - PEREIRA, MARIA da C.C.; FILHO, TUFIC M.; BERRETTA, JOSE R.; TOMAZ, LUCAS F.; PINTO, MARLENE C.In recent years, there has been an increasing interest in finding new fast scintillating material or improve the characteristics of known scintillators for the demand of high energy physics, industrial and nuclear medical ap-plications. Divalent lead ions Pb2+ built in some crystal structures are efficient emission centers and their appli-cations in scintillators were and are still the reason of an intensive study of emission properties of different com-pounds containing these ions. In this context, the crystals of Pb2+ doped CsI matrix were grown by the vertical Bridgman technique and subjected to annealing in vacuum of 10-6 mbar and constant temperature of 350°C, for 24 hours, and then they were employed. To evaluate the response of the CsI:Pb scintillator crystal to gamma radiation, radioactive sources of 137Cs (662 keV), 60Co (1173 keV and 1333 keV), 22Na (511 keV and 1275 keV) and 133Ba (355 keV) were used. The operating voltage of the photomultiplier was 2700 V for the detection of gamma rays and the accumulation time in the counting process was 600 s. The scintillator response to neutron radiation from a radioactive source of AmBe with energy range of 1 to 12 MeV was available. The activity of the AmBe source was 1 Ci Am. The emission rate was 2.2 x 106 neutrons / second. The operating voltage of the pho-tomultiplier tube was 1300 V. The accumulation time in the counting process was 600 s. With the results obtai-ned, it may be observed that the crystals are sensitive to these radiations.