DENISE SAHYUN LEVY

DENISE SAHYUN LEVY

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Communication about occupational exposure
2019 - LEVY, DENISE S.; SORDI, GIAN M.A.A.; RODRIGUES, DEMERVAL L.; CARNEIRO, JANETE C.G.G.
Brazil is the largest country of Latin America, with 8.5 million square kilometers divided into five regions with 3 time zones. In this large between-country distances, with plenty of radioactive facilities throughout the country, professional education and communication is a must and a challenge. This paper discusses a web-based project designed to provide effective communication about occupational exposure, linking geographically distant workers to high-quality reliable information. The web-based-project UNIPRORAD counts on concepts, definitions and theory about radiological protection based on both national and international standards, guidelines and recommendations. The content includes optimization, monitoring, potential exposure and communication on occupational risk agents in the workplace. Regarding potential exposures, it is essential to consider the concept of “risk” which, even among scientific community, seems to assume a great variety of meanings. Regarding risk agents in the workplace, it is necessary to discuss the identification and evaluation of the various risk agents (physical, chemical biological and ergonomic) addressing attention to their association to ionizing radiation. This article presentsthe authors' experience in the communication of radiological protection in Brazil, presenting global and specific issues on radiological protection, analyzing recommendations and discussing discrepancies among the several valid publications. It is our objective the dissemination of trustful updated communication, providing radioactive facilities relevant, accurate and understandable information. Finally, the article emphasizes the need to spread information wherever it is needed to inform as many people as possible, contributing to develop workers´ professional skills and to improve safety culture in workplace.
Basic characterization of a radioactive facility and evaluation of risk agents
2016 - CARNEIRO, J.C.G.G.; ALVES, A.S.; SANCHES, M.P.; RODRIGUES, D.L.; LEVY, D.S.; SORDI, G.M.A.A.
This is an exploratory and descriptive study with qualitative and quantitative approaches to investigate the basic characterization of a Brazilian radioisotope production facility through ample knowledge of the workplace, workforce, task performed and identification of present risk agents in labor environment. The studied sample was composed by 102 workers distributed in eight work processes. Data were collected from April 2013 to July 2014 by applying questionnaire forms and complemented by interviews and observations. The descriptive statistical analysis included ANOVA test and non-parametric tests, among others. For the purpose of this study, there was adopted a significance level of 5% (p<0.05). The analysis of socio-demographic variables demonstrated that male gender predominated in total sample (74.5%) and the mean age of the workers was (51.8 ± 1.7) years. The largest percentage of the responders (70.6%) was technician-level workers. Regarding task-related exposure, there was considered that all groups presented the same exposure profile. At the workplace, there were identified 17 risk agents, including physical, chemical, biological, ergonomic and accident risks. The workforce was categorized into 3 risk groups according to relative frequency distribution of the occupational risks. Among the sixteen qualitative variables studied at the workplace, only three of them did not demonstrate relative frequency. The only variable that showed association with the three risk groups was the possibility of the contact with ionizing radiation. The study provided an overview of the perception of occupational risk at the facility. According to the results obtained by statistical analysis, most of the qualitative variables presented statistically significant association (p<0.001) related to the occurrence of occupational risks. Even though the workers may be potentially exposed to different risk agents, the ionizing radiation was the main physical risk factor observed in this facility.
Enhancing communication on Radiological Protection throughout Brazil
2016 - LEVY, DENISE S.; SORDI, GIAN M.A.A.; RODRIGUES, DEMERVAL L.; CARNEIRO, JANETE C.G.
This paper focus on the potential value of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) to enhance communication on Radiological Protection throughout Brazil. The servers processing power added to the technology of relational databases allow to integrate information from different sources, enabling complex queries with reduced response time. It is our objective to provide radioactive facilities a complete repository for research, consultation and information on radiological protection in an integrated and efficient way. This webbased project works informatization of Radiological Protection Programs according to the positive tree published by AIEA in its Safety Series No. 102, the most generic and complete tree for an appropriate and effective radiation protection program. Up to this moment, the website counts on concepts, definitions and theory about optimization and monitoring procedures, interrelating information, currently scattered in various publications, in order to meet both Brazilian and international recommendations. The project involves not only the collection and interrelationship of existing information in the several publications, but also new approaches from some recommendations, such as potential exposures. Only few publications develop expressively the issue and, even though they provide fundamental theory, there is still lack of knowledge of failure probabilities, which currently constitutes a broad research field in radiological protection. This research proposes the development of fault trees and the analysis of different scenarios, suggesting paths to quantify probabilistically the occurrence of potential exposures, as well as probabilities to reach a certain level of dose. It is our target to complete the system in a near future, including other relevant issues, such as safe transport of radioactive materials, emergency response, radioactive waste management and decommissioning, among others. We believe the use of information technology for the radiological protection programs shall contribute greatly to provide information to Brazilian radioactive facilities throughout the country, spreading information to as many people as possible, minimizing geographic distances and stimulating communication and development.
Produção de energia elétrica a partir de fontes nucleares
2015 - SANTOS, I.P.; LEVY, D.S.
This study reports a pedagogical experiment in high school classes, in a private school in São Paulo. The purpose of this experiment was to put students in touch with topics related to electric power generation from radioactive sources This project was developed with emphasis on the content available in an educational online portal, the site www.radioatividades.com.br. The site has been created in order to disseminate knowledge to children, adolescents, parents and teachers about the peaceful use of nuclear energy. The portal content is free to access and use for educational purposes. The project had three stages: initial dynamics on the subject with students, working with research groups, conducting short courses in the portal "radioatividades" and a final evaluation, which consisted in seminars prepared by students themselves. The first stage aimed to verify the previous knowledge that students had on nuclear energy, raising common prejudices that usually appear. The second phase of the project aimed to demystify some concepts, such as the insecurity linked to the use of atomic energy. For this research there were used reliable sources, as the site of the National Nuclear Energy Commission (CNEN), Institute of Radiation Protection and Dosimetry (IRD) and International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), as well as short courses offered by the portal "Radioatividades". To finish the project, the students formed groups and presented seminars for their classmates, with split topics, illustrative slides and post presentation time to answer questions. There were highly satisfactory results at the end of the project, performances with good theoretical foundation and valuable clarifications on nuclear energy.
Divulgación científica
2017 - LEVY, D.; SORDI, G.M.A.A.; VILLAVICENCIO, A.L.C.H.
La Irradiación de alimentos trae grandes contribuciones a la seguridad alimentaria, además de los impactos en las esferas social y económica del país. En Brasil, sin embargo, aún es grande el desconocimiento: miedos y preconceptos infundados tiemblan la confianza del consumidor. Investigadores del IPEN emprendieron una investigación ante el público en general. Los mayores ejemplos de aplicaciones de la tecnología nuclear parecen ser, en el imaginario popular, armas de destrucción masiva y accidentes nucleares. Entre las mayores preocupaciones de los entrevistados, están la cuestión de la seguridad en relación a la salud, exposición a la radiación y contaminación del medio ambiente. En 2016 se inició una acción para la divulgación científica a gran escala. En la llamada Sociedad de la Información, la acción se centra en el desarrollo de cursos virtuales destinados al público en general. El proceso involucró una amplia investigación sobre las posibilidades de acceso a Internet en los domicilios brasileños y perspectivas futuras. Los cursos tienen como objetivo llevar al conocimiento del público cuestiones pertinentes a la irradiación de alimentos de la agricultura a la mesa del consumidor, entre las cuales, un mini curso completamente destinado a la comunicación de la protección radiológica, una vez que la investigación apunta entre las mayores preocupaciones de la población la Seguridad, contaminación y efectos maléficos de la radiación. Esta acción pretende proporcionar al público en general material confiable y de fácil comprensión para la diseminación del conocimiento en los más diversos sectores de la sociedad. La alimentación es una de las grandes cuestiones brasileñas y la irradiación de alimentos es una técnica segura y confiable para responder a esta demanda. Los consumidores hacen juicios intuitivos según su percepción de riesgo y el desconocimiento conduce a miedos infundados y conclusiones equivocadas. Se espera con esta iniciativa acercar la sociedad y la comunidad científica. Una acción ciudadana para promover la conciencia crítica llevando al ciudadano a cuestionar la realidad, interpretar las informaciones de la mídia y construir opiniones científicamente fundamentadas.
The impact of wrong mass media communication on citizens' perception of radiation risks
2018 - LEVY, D.S.; RAMOS, F.C.; SORDI, G.M.A.A.
In Knowledge Society, Internet and mass media contribute to build an inclusive informed society, providing information about all fields of knowledge. Nevertheless, nuclear sciences remain a mystery for a great fraction of the Brazilian population. Controversies on the biological effects of radiation distort and confuse public's perceptions of radiation risks and benefits. Internet reports that the exposure to indoor radon is a risk factor for lung cancer. Internet reports that the radioactive monazitic sand brings health benefits. It is not easy for the general public to understand contradictions and to identify reliable sources. Scientific community is expected to communicate about the impacts of ionizing radiation in daily life. Nevertheless, the public does not read highly specialized papers. There seem to be a gap between society and the scientific community. On the other hand, anti-nuclear information seems to be easily understood. This paper discusses wrong mass media information delivered all over the country, for kids and adults, in very simple language, through cartoons, comics books, newspapers and educational sites, among others. The article brings examples of newspapers errors due to misinformation, anti-nuclear didactic material plenty of omissions and wrong information delivered to children. People fear what they do not understand. People fear the harmful effects of ionizing radiation to human health and the environment. Risk perception and risk acceptance are a matter of education and properly communication. It is a must to invest in properly scientific divulgation about the risks and benefits of nuclear sciences that impact in citizens´ everyday life, such as medical applications, industrial applications and nuclear power generation.
Food irradiation
2019 - LEVY, DENISE S.; VILLAVICENCIO, ANNA L.C.H.
Brazil is a major food producer and food exporter. Still, a large part of the Brazilian population faces hunger, food insecurity and malnutrition. From agriculture to the consumer's table, a significant part of the production is lost during post-harvest, transport, storage and commerce, due to the deterioration of food products. These are some of the main Brazilian issues and nuclear techniques present alternatives to this demand. Nevertheless, Brazilian consumers fear ionizing radiation and misunderstand its real benefits. Consumers do not know the difference between irradiated food and radioactive food and the public has major concerns about the negative health effects and environmental contamination. This article brings the authors' experience on science communication about Food Irradiation to teach fundamental concepts and answer to the most Frequently Asked Questions about processes, safety, advantages, limitations, possibilities, impacts on human health and impacts on the environment. The content includes global aspects of food irradiation, laws and regulations, nuclear techniques in agriculture and the potential value of nuclear technology to contribute to national economy and public health. This paper describes the different tools used for outreach different audiences, to assist other experts on planning strategies to communicate nuclear science. Food irradiation improves the quality of daily life, but it is not enough to have innovation and technology if there is no information. Scientific community is expected to communicate science outside academia, informing the public and qualifying opinion-makers. It is a must to educate future problem solvers and actual decision-makers, including producers, industry, commerce and consumers.
Educating the educators
2019 - LEVY, DENISE; VILLAVICENCIO, ANNA L.C.H.
In a rapid-changing world, science teachers face considerable challenges. In addition to the basic curriculum, there must be included several transversal themes, which demand creative and innovative strategies to be arranged and integrated to traditional disciplines. In Brazil, nuclear science is still a controversial theme, and teachers themselves seem to be unaware of the issue, most often perpetuating prejudice, errors and misconceptions. This article presents the authors’ experience in the development of an interdisciplinary pedagogical proposal to include nuclear science in the basic curriculum, in a transversal and integrating way. The methodology applied was based on the analysis of several normative documents that define the requirements of essential learning, competences and skills of basic education for all schools in Brazil. The didactic materials and resources were developed according to the best practices to improve learning processes privileging constructivist educational techniques, with emphasis on active learning process, collaborative learning and learning through research. The material consists of an illustrated book for students, a book for teachers and a manual with activities that can articulate nuclear science to different disciplines: Portuguese, mathematics, science, art, English, history and geography. The content counts on high scientific rigor and articulate nuclear technology with topics of interest to society in the most diverse spheres, such as food supply, public health, food safety and foreign trade. Moreover, this pedagogical proposal takes advantage of the potential value of digital technologies, implementing QR codes that excite and challenge students of all ages, improving interaction and engagement. The expected results include the education of the educators for nuclear science communication in a transversal and integrating way, demystifying nuclear technology in a contextualized and significant approach. It is expected that the interdisciplinary pedagogical proposal contributes to improving attitudes towards knowledge construction, privileging reconstructive questioning, fostering a culture of systematic curiosity and encouraging critical thinking skills.
Evolução da filosofia do sistema de limitação de dose e a questão das substituições “superseded”
2018 - CORREA, F.; SORDI, G.; LEVY, D.S.
O grande avanço da era nuclear mostrou que a filosofia do sistema de limitação de dose proposta pela Comissão Internacional de Proteção Radiológica em 1958 e os Limites Anuais Máximos Permissíveis (LAMP), careciam de mudanças, assim, com a atualização das recomendações surgiu uma nova filosofia, ainda vigente, denominada de Limites Anuais Máximos Admissíveis (LAMA) para que possamos estuda-los separadamente, analisando cuidadosamente como surgiram estas filosofias e como foram evoluindo até as suas últimas publicações. 352 Uma vez que cada nova publicação substituía a anterior, e a ICRP e o Organismo Internacional de Energia atômica (IAEA) firmaram o acordo pelo qual este último adotaria a filosofia proposta pela Comissão, houve a possibilidade que algumas destas informações, algumas valiosas, possam ter se perdido no decorrer da substituição da publicação e ou da edição da norma do IAEA na adoção da filosofia. Estas informações são discutidas e estudadas em profundidade e o seu valor real mostrado, levantando a possibilidade de reintroduzi-las nas futuras publicações.
Education and communication on radiological protection
2018 - LEVY, D.S.; SORDI, G.M.A.A.
For operational control of exposures to ionizing radiation in any workplace, the International Commission on Radiation Protection (ICRP) recommends establishing a program of operational radiation protection, proportional to the risk, to ensure the effective management of all necessary measures to satisfy the principle of optimization. This project focus on the potential value of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) to enhance education and communication on Radiological Protection throughout Brazil. The content includes optimization programs and monitoring policy and techniques, interrelating 314 information currently scattered in several documents, providing Brazilian facilities a complete repository for consultation and information. The content also brings new approaches from some recommendations, presenting some initiatives towards protection and safety. The growing impact of ICTs shall contribute greatly to provide information where it is needed, stimulating development in this large country where it is a huge challenge to ensure access to information to as many people as possible, minimizing costs and optimizing results.

DENISE SAHYUN LEVY

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