DENISE SAHYUN LEVY
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Artigo IPEN-doc 29781 La interdisciplinariedad en la educación básica2022 - LEVY, D.; LEVY, P.J.; VILLAVICENCIO, A.L.C.H.La Base Nacional Común Curricular (BNCC) es un documento de carácter normativo que define el conjunto de aprendizajes esenciales, competencias y habilidades de la escolaridad básica para todas las escuelas brasileñas. El documento que define las etapas de la educación infantil y enseñanza fundamental fue homologado en 2017, y en 2018 se aprobaron las etapas para la Enseñanza Secundaria. La BNCC contempla cuestiones relacionadas con las ciencias nucleares, buscando el desarrollo de habilidades y competencias para una comprensión justa sobre reacciones nucleares y sus aplicaciones. Sin embargo, los propios profesores no fueron preparados para discutir el tema con profundidad y, generalmente, el tema se aborda de forma superficial a fin de cumplir el contenido mínimo requerido. El presente trabajo presenta el desarrollo de una propuesta pedagógica interdisciplinaria pasible de ser incorporada en la Enseñanza Básica, de forma transversal y integradora, desmitificando la irradiación de alimentos y la generación de energía nuclear, estes controvertidos temas que afectan a la vida humana en escala local, regional y global. El material consiste en una colección de libros ilustrados para los estudiantes, libros para docentes y un manual con actividades que se pueden desarrollar en diferentes disciplinas: portugués, matemáticas, ciencias, inglés, historia y geografía. Los libros son elaborados con alto rigor científico y articulan la tecnología nuclear con temas de interés a la sociedad en los más diversos aspectos, como el social, sanitario y económico, entre otros. El objetivo de esta propuesta pedagógica, a ser sometida al Ministerio de Educación de Brasil, es auxiliar a profesores y estudiantes en la construcción colectiva del conocimiento, incentivando la investigación de las ciencias nucleares, imprimiendo nuevos sentidos a la vida cotidiana, ampliando los horizontes de elecciones personales y profesionales de las nuevas generaciones.Livro IPEN-doc 29577 A mega master interessante vida de uma pastilha de urânio2022 - LEVY, DENISE; VILLAVICENCIO, ANNA L.Livro IPEN-doc 29576 A mega master interessante vida de uma manga irradiada2022 - LEVY, DENISE; VILLAVICENCIO, ANNA L.Artigo IPEN-doc 27594 Irradiação de alimentos no Brasil2020 - LEVY, D.; SORDI, G.M.A.A.; VILLAVICENCIO, A.L.C.H.O presente artigo apresenta um panorama histórico da evolução do processo de irradiação de alimentos no Brasil, analisando questões regulatórias nacionais, técnicas utilizadas e aportes nos cenários social, sanitário e econômico. Esta revisão tem por objetivo fornecer à comunidade científica uma perspectiva abrangente sobre a atual situação da irradiação de alimentos no Brasil, proporcionando novas reflexões sobre eventos passados, limitações atuais e possibilidades futuras. São analisados e discutidos atuais fatores que limitam uma mais ampla utilização da irradiação de alimentos no país, dentre os quais, a carência de irradiadores que possam atender às distintas regiões do país. Finalmente, o artigo apresenta a equivocada percepção de risco por parte da população e a necessidade de ações para impulsionar a aceitação pública, dentre as quais, o desenvolvimento de programas de comunicação e informação junto ao público leigo que desconhece as contribuições das aplicações pacíficas da tecnologia nuclear.Artigo IPEN-doc 26945 Divulgación científica2017 - LEVY, D.; SORDI, G.M.A.A.; VILLAVICENCIO, A.L.C.H.La Irradiación de alimentos trae grandes contribuciones a la seguridad alimentaria, además de los impactos en las esferas social y económica del país. En Brasil, sin embargo, aún es grande el desconocimiento: miedos y preconceptos infundados tiemblan la confianza del consumidor. Investigadores del IPEN emprendieron una investigación ante el público en general. Los mayores ejemplos de aplicaciones de la tecnología nuclear parecen ser, en el imaginario popular, armas de destrucción masiva y accidentes nucleares. Entre las mayores preocupaciones de los entrevistados, están la cuestión de la seguridad en relación a la salud, exposición a la radiación y contaminación del medio ambiente. En 2016 se inició una acción para la divulgación científica a gran escala. En la llamada Sociedad de la Información, la acción se centra en el desarrollo de cursos virtuales destinados al público en general. El proceso involucró una amplia investigación sobre las posibilidades de acceso a Internet en los domicilios brasileños y perspectivas futuras. Los cursos tienen como objetivo llevar al conocimiento del público cuestiones pertinentes a la irradiación de alimentos de la agricultura a la mesa del consumidor, entre las cuales, un mini curso completamente destinado a la comunicación de la protección radiológica, una vez que la investigación apunta entre las mayores preocupaciones de la población la Seguridad, contaminación y efectos maléficos de la radiación. Esta acción pretende proporcionar al público en general material confiable y de fácil comprensión para la diseminación del conocimiento en los más diversos sectores de la sociedad. La alimentación es una de las grandes cuestiones brasileñas y la irradiación de alimentos es una técnica segura y confiable para responder a esta demanda. Los consumidores hacen juicios intuitivos según su percepción de riesgo y el desconocimiento conduce a miedos infundados y conclusiones equivocadas. Se espera con esta iniciativa acercar la sociedad y la comunidad científica. Una acción ciudadana para promover la conciencia crítica llevando al ciudadano a cuestionar la realidad, interpretar las informaciones de la mídia y construir opiniones científicamente fundamentadas.Artigo IPEN-doc 26252 Food irradiation2019 - LEVY, DENISE S.; VILLAVICENCIO, ANNA L.C.H.Brazil is a major food producer and food exporter. Still, a large part of the Brazilian population faces hunger, food insecurity and malnutrition. From agriculture to the consumer's table, a significant part of the production is lost during post-harvest, transport, storage and commerce, due to the deterioration of food products. These are some of the main Brazilian issues and nuclear techniques present alternatives to this demand. Nevertheless, Brazilian consumers fear ionizing radiation and misunderstand its real benefits. Consumers do not know the difference between irradiated food and radioactive food and the public has major concerns about the negative health effects and environmental contamination. This article brings the authors' experience on science communication about Food Irradiation to teach fundamental concepts and answer to the most Frequently Asked Questions about processes, safety, advantages, limitations, possibilities, impacts on human health and impacts on the environment. The content includes global aspects of food irradiation, laws and regulations, nuclear techniques in agriculture and the potential value of nuclear technology to contribute to national economy and public health. This paper describes the different tools used for outreach different audiences, to assist other experts on planning strategies to communicate nuclear science. Food irradiation improves the quality of daily life, but it is not enough to have innovation and technology if there is no information. Scientific community is expected to communicate science outside academia, informing the public and qualifying opinion-makers. It is a must to educate future problem solvers and actual decision-makers, including producers, industry, commerce and consumers.Artigo IPEN-doc 26434 Educating the educators2019 - LEVY, DENISE; VILLAVICENCIO, ANNA L.C.H.In a rapid-changing world, science teachers face considerable challenges. In addition to the basic curriculum, there must be included several transversal themes, which demand creative and innovative strategies to be arranged and integrated to traditional disciplines. In Brazil, nuclear science is still a controversial theme, and teachers themselves seem to be unaware of the issue, most often perpetuating prejudice, errors and misconceptions. This article presents the authors’ experience in the development of an interdisciplinary pedagogical proposal to include nuclear science in the basic curriculum, in a transversal and integrating way. The methodology applied was based on the analysis of several normative documents that define the requirements of essential learning, competences and skills of basic education for all schools in Brazil. The didactic materials and resources were developed according to the best practices to improve learning processes privileging constructivist educational techniques, with emphasis on active learning process, collaborative learning and learning through research. The material consists of an illustrated book for students, a book for teachers and a manual with activities that can articulate nuclear science to different disciplines: Portuguese, mathematics, science, art, English, history and geography. The content counts on high scientific rigor and articulate nuclear technology with topics of interest to society in the most diverse spheres, such as food supply, public health, food safety and foreign trade. Moreover, this pedagogical proposal takes advantage of the potential value of digital technologies, implementing QR codes that excite and challenge students of all ages, improving interaction and engagement. The expected results include the education of the educators for nuclear science communication in a transversal and integrating way, demystifying nuclear technology in a contextualized and significant approach. It is expected that the interdisciplinary pedagogical proposal contributes to improving attitudes towards knowledge construction, privileging reconstructive questioning, fostering a culture of systematic curiosity and encouraging critical thinking skills.Artigo IPEN-doc 24749 Construindo pontes entre ciência e sociedade2018 - LEVY, D.S.; SORDI, G.M.A.A.; VILLAVICENCIO, A.L.C.H.A irradiação de alimentos é uma técnica de preservação segura e eficaz para eliminar insetos e reduzir microrganismos prejudiciais à saúde humana. O processo contribui para inibir o brotamento e retardar o amadurecimento dos alimentos, prolongando a vida útil de frutas e legumes frescos. Entretanto, dentre uma grande parcela da população brasileira, ainda há grande desinformação sobre as aplicações pacíficas das ciências nucleares. Não raramente a mídia e as redes sociais tendem a associar a radiação ionizante a armas nucleares e acidentes de grandes proporções. A desinformação compromete a percepção do público: consumidores acabam por associar alimentos irradiados a alimentos radioativos ou contaminados. O público demonstra grandes preocupações quanto aos efeitos negativos das radiações para a saúde e riscos de contaminação ambiental. Os julgamentos e tomadas de decisões por parte da sociedade estão diretamente ligados à sua percepção dos riscos e benefícios advindos da Tecnologa Nuclear. Este artigo apresenta algumas considerações sobre as percepções do público a respeito dos alimentos irradiados, bem como algumas ações de divulgação científica, para aproximar ciência e sociedade. Cabe à comunidade científica construir novas pontes entre as ciências nucleares e o público leigo, oferecendo uma perspectiva mais ampla sobre as aplicações pacíficas das radiações ionizantes e suas contribuições na vida cotidiana.Artigo IPEN-doc 24313 Education and citizenship2017 - LEVY, DENISE; PERALTA, TELMA M.; POZZI, LORENY; TOVAR, IZI P. de; SANTOS, IGOR P. dos; VILLAVICENCIO, ANNA L.C.H.In the so-called Information Society, knowledge is a powerful tool for real social inclusion. Inclusion through knowledge is a citizen attitude, as it changes students’ perceptions, allowing critical thinking, stimulating the ability to question the world and encouraging to change reality as active citizens. Popularization of science is a must and a challenge. In a globalized world where the Internet seems to be the largest vehicle for information, offering children and young people the illusion of unlimited knowledge, the traditional academic practices do not seem to correspond to the student's desire of learning. Under the light of psycho-pedagogical perspective, we can discuss different possibilities to communicate science in the academic context, at different ages, from pre-school to university. This article brings together the experience of six educational professionals who use the psycho-pedagogical know-how to promote a meaningful and interesting learning. Psycho-pedagogical practices consider the singularity of each group, students protagonists in learning process, stimulating reconstructive questions, re-signifying previous knowledge, making knowledge meaningful and relevant, thus articulating student´s desire to the scientific discourse.Artigo IPEN-doc 23753 Web-based tools to increase public understanding of nuclear technology and food irradiation2017 - LEVY, DENISE; VILLAVICENCIO, ANNA L.C.H.Food irradiation is a processing and preservation technique to eliminate insects and parasites and reduce diseasecausing microorganisms. Moreover, the process helps to inhibit sprouting and delay ripening, extending fresh fruits and vegetables shelf-life. Nevertheless, most Brazilian consumers seem to misunderstand the difference between irradiated food and radioactive food and the general public has major concerns about the negative health effects and environmental contamination. Society´s judgment and decision making are directly linked to perceived benefits and risks. The web-based project entitled ‘Scientific information about food irradiation: Internet as a tool to approach science and society’ was created by the Nuclear and Energetic Research Institute (IPEN), in order to offer an interdisciplinary approach to science education, integrating economic, ethical, social and political aspects of food irradiation. This project takes into account that, misinformation and unfounded preconceived ideas impact heavily on the acceptance of irradiated food and purchase intention by the Brazilian consumer. Taking advantage of the potential value of the Internet to enhance communication and education among general public, a research study was carried out regarding the possibilities and trends of Information and Communication Technologies among the Brazilian population. The content includes concepts, definitions and Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) about processes, safety, advantages, limitations and the possibilities of food irradiation, including health issues, as well as its impacts on the environment. The project counts on eight selfinstructional interactive web courses, situating scientific content in relevant social contexts in order to encourage self-learning and further reflections. Communication is a must to improve public understanding of science. The use of information technology for quality scientific divulgation shall contribute greatly to provide information throughout the country, spreading information to as many people as possible, minimizing geographic distances and stimulating communication and development.