DENISE SAHYUN LEVY
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Artigo IPEN-doc 29699 O Museu Ciências Nucleares como um espaço interativo para desmistificação das ciências nucleares2022 - OLIVEIRA, BRUNA; AQUINO, KATIA A. da S.; LEVY, DENISE S.; KHOURY, HELEN J.O presente artigo discute o potencial educacional do Museu de Ciências Nucleares (MCN) localizado na Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, primeiro museu de Ciências Nucleares da América Latina e o único no Brasil inteiramente dedicado ao tema da radioatividade e suas aplicações benéficas. Também apresenta apontamentos sobre o museu enquanto espaço facilitador para a produção de novos saberes e desenvolvimento de competências e habilidades para a educação básica. Nesta direção, o MCN proporciona uma aprendizagem interativa e significativa da Ciência Nuclear, articulando a informação científica à realidade social, possuindo um grande papel no processo de reconstrução do conhecimento, desmistificando mitos e medos infundados, promovendo um senso crítico e reflexivo acerca da radioatividade. Além disso, a visita ao MCN proporciona o questionamento reconstrutivo sobre riscos e benefícios da radioatividade que oportuniza aos envolvidos a tomarem decisões éticas e cidadãs a respeito do tema com uma visão mais ampliada e cientificamente embasada.Livro IPEN-doc 29577 A mega master interessante vida de uma pastilha de urânio2022 - LEVY, DENISE; VILLAVICENCIO, ANNA L.Livro IPEN-doc 28543 Investigando as Aplicações da Radioatividade2021 - LEVY, DENISECapítulo IPEN-doc 28540 Breve história da Física Atômica e Nuclear2021 - LEVY, DENISEResumo IPEN-doc 28002 Risk perception and risk acceptance2021 - LEVY, DENISE; SORDI, GIAN M.A.A.Effective nuclear science communications can inform people about benefits and risks, allowing them to make decisions and choices. Nevertheless, regarding radiological protection, controversies and misinformation distort public's perceptions of radiation risks. This paper offers an overview of ineffective mass media communication and its impacts on citizens' perceptions of nuclear technology. There seem to be a gap between society and the scientific community. The general public do not read high-specialized articles written by scientists. In Knowledge Society, where Internet and social media are the most common source of information, opinion makers seem to privilege sensationalistic rumors about the harmful effects of ionizing radiation, environment contamination and accidents. Moreover, available information about the biological effects of the exposure to ionizing radiation confuse public's perceptions of radiation risks and benefits. Whether experts agree that radiation causes observable health effects at high doses, Intemet highlights controversies on the biological effects of low-dose radiation. Internet reports that the exposure to indoor radon is a risk factor for lung cancer. Intemet reports that the radioactive monazitic sand brings health benefits. It is not easy for the general public to understand contradictions and to identify reliable sources. This article presents and discusses examples of pseudo-scientific information, newspapers errors, fake news, and anti-nuclear didactic material, where basic concepts are mamipulated, and omission of vital information leads the public to mistrust and fear. Unfounded prejudices, misconceptions and misinformation are delivered in TV news, Intemet articles, social media, TV series, cartoons and even through science journals. The general public, most often, do not have trustful information about radiological protection regulations and recommendations regarding human health, environment protection, management of radioactive waste or safe transport of radioactive material. Finally, this paper emphasizes the importance for scientists to be able to communicate to the public developing science-based communication programs, evaluating the adequacy of those communications, investing in properly scientific divulgation about the risks and benefits of nuclear sciences that impact in citizens' everyday hfe, such as medical applications, industrial applications, public safety and nuclear power generation. The balance between risk perception and risk acceptance depends on effective, trustworthy and understandable mformation. It is essential to educate educators and opinion-makers, combating fake pseudo-scientrfic information, social networks sensationalism and omissions of the media.Artigo IPEN-doc 27594 Irradiação de alimentos no Brasil2020 - LEVY, D.; SORDI, G.M.A.A.; VILLAVICENCIO, A.L.C.H.O presente artigo apresenta um panorama histórico da evolução do processo de irradiação de alimentos no Brasil, analisando questões regulatórias nacionais, técnicas utilizadas e aportes nos cenários social, sanitário e econômico. Esta revisão tem por objetivo fornecer à comunidade científica uma perspectiva abrangente sobre a atual situação da irradiação de alimentos no Brasil, proporcionando novas reflexões sobre eventos passados, limitações atuais e possibilidades futuras. São analisados e discutidos atuais fatores que limitam uma mais ampla utilização da irradiação de alimentos no país, dentre os quais, a carência de irradiadores que possam atender às distintas regiões do país. Finalmente, o artigo apresenta a equivocada percepção de risco por parte da população e a necessidade de ações para impulsionar a aceitação pública, dentre as quais, o desenvolvimento de programas de comunicação e informação junto ao público leigo que desconhece as contribuições das aplicações pacíficas da tecnologia nuclear.Artigo IPEN-doc 27009 Produção de energia elétrica a partir de fontes nucleares2015 - SANTOS, I.P.; LEVY, D.S.This study reports a pedagogical experiment in high school classes, in a private school in São Paulo. The purpose of this experiment was to put students in touch with topics related to electric power generation from radioactive sources This project was developed with emphasis on the content available in an educational online portal, the site www.radioatividades.com.br. The site has been created in order to disseminate knowledge to children, adolescents, parents and teachers about the peaceful use of nuclear energy. The portal content is free to access and use for educational purposes. The project had three stages: initial dynamics on the subject with students, working with research groups, conducting short courses in the portal "radioatividades" and a final evaluation, which consisted in seminars prepared by students themselves. The first stage aimed to verify the previous knowledge that students had on nuclear energy, raising common prejudices that usually appear. The second phase of the project aimed to demystify some concepts, such as the insecurity linked to the use of atomic energy. For this research there were used reliable sources, as the site of the National Nuclear Energy Commission (CNEN), Institute of Radiation Protection and Dosimetry (IRD) and International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), as well as short courses offered by the portal "Radioatividades". To finish the project, the students formed groups and presented seminars for their classmates, with split topics, illustrative slides and post presentation time to answer questions. There were highly satisfactory results at the end of the project, performances with good theoretical foundation and valuable clarifications on nuclear energy.Artigo IPEN-doc 26945 Divulgación científica2017 - LEVY, D.; SORDI, G.M.A.A.; VILLAVICENCIO, A.L.C.H.La Irradiación de alimentos trae grandes contribuciones a la seguridad alimentaria, además de los impactos en las esferas social y económica del país. En Brasil, sin embargo, aún es grande el desconocimiento: miedos y preconceptos infundados tiemblan la confianza del consumidor. Investigadores del IPEN emprendieron una investigación ante el público en general. Los mayores ejemplos de aplicaciones de la tecnología nuclear parecen ser, en el imaginario popular, armas de destrucción masiva y accidentes nucleares. Entre las mayores preocupaciones de los entrevistados, están la cuestión de la seguridad en relación a la salud, exposición a la radiación y contaminación del medio ambiente. En 2016 se inició una acción para la divulgación científica a gran escala. En la llamada Sociedad de la Información, la acción se centra en el desarrollo de cursos virtuales destinados al público en general. El proceso involucró una amplia investigación sobre las posibilidades de acceso a Internet en los domicilios brasileños y perspectivas futuras. Los cursos tienen como objetivo llevar al conocimiento del público cuestiones pertinentes a la irradiación de alimentos de la agricultura a la mesa del consumidor, entre las cuales, un mini curso completamente destinado a la comunicación de la protección radiológica, una vez que la investigación apunta entre las mayores preocupaciones de la población la Seguridad, contaminación y efectos maléficos de la radiación. Esta acción pretende proporcionar al público en general material confiable y de fácil comprensión para la diseminación del conocimiento en los más diversos sectores de la sociedad. La alimentación es una de las grandes cuestiones brasileñas y la irradiación de alimentos es una técnica segura y confiable para responder a esta demanda. Los consumidores hacen juicios intuitivos según su percepción de riesgo y el desconocimiento conduce a miedos infundados y conclusiones equivocadas. Se espera con esta iniciativa acercar la sociedad y la comunidad científica. Una acción ciudadana para promover la conciencia crítica llevando al ciudadano a cuestionar la realidad, interpretar las informaciones de la mídia y construir opiniones científicamente fundamentadas.Artigo IPEN-doc 26252 Food irradiation2019 - LEVY, DENISE S.; VILLAVICENCIO, ANNA L.C.H.Brazil is a major food producer and food exporter. Still, a large part of the Brazilian population faces hunger, food insecurity and malnutrition. From agriculture to the consumer's table, a significant part of the production is lost during post-harvest, transport, storage and commerce, due to the deterioration of food products. These are some of the main Brazilian issues and nuclear techniques present alternatives to this demand. Nevertheless, Brazilian consumers fear ionizing radiation and misunderstand its real benefits. Consumers do not know the difference between irradiated food and radioactive food and the public has major concerns about the negative health effects and environmental contamination. This article brings the authors' experience on science communication about Food Irradiation to teach fundamental concepts and answer to the most Frequently Asked Questions about processes, safety, advantages, limitations, possibilities, impacts on human health and impacts on the environment. The content includes global aspects of food irradiation, laws and regulations, nuclear techniques in agriculture and the potential value of nuclear technology to contribute to national economy and public health. This paper describes the different tools used for outreach different audiences, to assist other experts on planning strategies to communicate nuclear science. Food irradiation improves the quality of daily life, but it is not enough to have innovation and technology if there is no information. Scientific community is expected to communicate science outside academia, informing the public and qualifying opinion-makers. It is a must to educate future problem solvers and actual decision-makers, including producers, industry, commerce and consumers.Artigo IPEN-doc 26434 Educating the educators2019 - LEVY, DENISE; VILLAVICENCIO, ANNA L.C.H.In a rapid-changing world, science teachers face considerable challenges. In addition to the basic curriculum, there must be included several transversal themes, which demand creative and innovative strategies to be arranged and integrated to traditional disciplines. In Brazil, nuclear science is still a controversial theme, and teachers themselves seem to be unaware of the issue, most often perpetuating prejudice, errors and misconceptions. This article presents the authors’ experience in the development of an interdisciplinary pedagogical proposal to include nuclear science in the basic curriculum, in a transversal and integrating way. The methodology applied was based on the analysis of several normative documents that define the requirements of essential learning, competences and skills of basic education for all schools in Brazil. The didactic materials and resources were developed according to the best practices to improve learning processes privileging constructivist educational techniques, with emphasis on active learning process, collaborative learning and learning through research. The material consists of an illustrated book for students, a book for teachers and a manual with activities that can articulate nuclear science to different disciplines: Portuguese, mathematics, science, art, English, history and geography. The content counts on high scientific rigor and articulate nuclear technology with topics of interest to society in the most diverse spheres, such as food supply, public health, food safety and foreign trade. Moreover, this pedagogical proposal takes advantage of the potential value of digital technologies, implementing QR codes that excite and challenge students of all ages, improving interaction and engagement. The expected results include the education of the educators for nuclear science communication in a transversal and integrating way, demystifying nuclear technology in a contextualized and significant approach. It is expected that the interdisciplinary pedagogical proposal contributes to improving attitudes towards knowledge construction, privileging reconstructive questioning, fostering a culture of systematic curiosity and encouraging critical thinking skills.