JOAO VICTOR DE SOUSA ARAUJO

JOAO VICTOR DE SOUSA ARAUJO

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A cerium-based nanocoating for corrosion protection of the AA1230 as clad material for the AA2024-T3 alloy
2022 - KLUMPP, RAFAEL E.; ARAUJO, JOAO V. de S.; ANTUNES, RENATO A.; VIVEIROS, BARBARA V.G. de; MAGNANI, MARINA; COSTA, ISOLDA
Aluminum alloys are the state-of-art materials for structural components of aircrafts. As they are susceptible to localized corrosion, this kind of damage can become a major threat for its safe use in aircraft components. Therefore, surface protection of aluminum alloys against corrosion is a core issue in these applications. In this work, an alternative eco-friendly cerium-based surface pretreatment was developed and applied on the AA1230 clad of the AA2024-T3 alloy for corrosion protection. The corrosion resistance evaluation of this modified surface was evaluated by several techniques. The results were compared to chromium based conventional treatments and revealed that the coating layer, composed of spherical nodular nanostructures of cerium, obtained with the proposed eco-friendly treatment, improved the corrosion resistance of the alloy. Moreover, it was comparable to the corrosion behavior of chromate-treated alloy, showing that this treatment is a promising alternative to replace chromate based surface treatments.
Corrosion behaviour of the 2098-T351 Al–Cu–Li alloy after different surface treatments
2022 - BARBOZA, WANESSA das G.; MILAGRE, MARIANA X.; DONATUS, UYIME; MACHADO, CARULINE de S.C.; RAMIREZ, OSCAR M.P.; ARAUJO, JOAO V. de S.; SILVA, REJANE M.P. da; COSTA, ISOLDA
The effect of different surface treatments on the corrosion resistance of the AA2098 Al–Cu–Li alloy has been investigated. Surface characterization was performed using 3D optical profilometry, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The corrosion resistance of the 2098 alloy after the surface treatments was investigated in 0.1 mol L−1 NaCl solution by electrochemical techniques and microscopy. Corrosion results showed that the untreated and the chemically etched surfaces were more active than the mechanically abraded and mechanically polished surfaces owing to differences in the nature of the native oxides formed after the surface treatments. Corrosion rate and mode were also affected by how close the exposed surface was to the mid-thickness region of the AA2098-T351 plate relative to the actual top surface (before polishing). This is associated with the variation in the volume fraction and distribution of the T1 phase as the mid-thickness region of the AA2098-T351 plate is approached.
Corrosion behavior of the 6061 Al–Mg–Si alloy in different soils extracts
2022 - MILAGRE, MARIANA X.; ARAUJO, JOAO V. de S.; MACHADO, CARULINE de S.C.; PEREIRA, MARCO S.; ANTUNES, RENATO A.; GENEZINI, FREDERICO; COSTA, ISOLDA
In this work, the corrosion behavior of the 6061 Al-alloy in different temper conditions was studied in different soil extracts using electrochemical and surface monitoring techniques. The results showed that the corrosion behavior of the 6061 alloy depends on the soil extract composition, with the highest electrochemical activities related to the soil extracts with the lowest nitrate and sulfate concentrations. The 6061-T6 condition was more susceptible to corrosion than the 6061-HCR one. The results were related to the higher amounts of MgSi particles in the 6061-T6 alloy compared to the 6061-HCR. Sulfate and nitrate ions acted as corrosion inhibitor reducing the corrosion kinetics of the 6061 alloy in solutions with high concentration of chloride ions.
Corrosion resistance of precipitation-hardened Al alloys
2021 - DONATUS, UYIME; BODUNRIN, MICHAEL O.; OLAYINKA, AYOTUNDE; MILAGRE, MARIANA X.; OLOYEDE, OLAMILEKAN R.; ARIBO, SUNDAY; ARAUJO, JOAO V. de S.; MACHADO, CARULINE de S.C.; COSTA, ISOLDA
The corrosion resistance of conventional (AA2024-T3, AA6082-T6 and AA7050-T7451) and the new generation (AA2050-T84, AA2098-T351, AA2198-T8, and AA2198-T851) precipitation-hardened alloys has been studied and compared using electrochemical and non-electrochemical approaches. The AA6082-T6 was the most resistant alloy followed by the new generation Al-Cu-Li alloys, except the AA2050-T84. All the alloys exhibited pseudo-passivity, except for the AA2024-T3 alloy which presented the highest number of pitting sites per cm2 and also exhibited the most insidious form of corrosion amongst the alloys tested. However, the alloy with the highest corrosion depth was the AA2050-T84 alloy followed by the AA2024-T3 and AA7050-T7451 alloys. Intergranular corrosion was associated with rapid rates of penetration. In addition to the microstructural features of the alloys before corrosion, the modes of localized corrosion in the alloys were also influenced by evolving microstructural features (such as re-deposited Cu) during corrosion.
How microstructure affects localized corrosion resistance of stir zone of the AA2198-T8 alloy after friction stir welding
2021 - MACHADO, CARULINE de S.C.; DONATUS, UYIME; MILAGRE, MARIANA X.; ARAUJO, JOAO V. de S.; VIVEIROS, BARBARA V.G. de; KLUMPP, RAFAEL E.; PEREIRA, VICTOR F.; COSTA, ISOLDA
In this study, the microstructure and corrosion resistance of the stir zone (SZ) of the AA2198-T8 Al-Cu-Li alloy welded by friction stir welding (FSW) were investigated by microscopy, immersion tests and electrochemical techniques such as measurements of open circuit potential variation with time, and scanning vibrating electrode technique (SVET) measurements. A low chloride-containing solution (0.005 mol L−1 NaCl) was employed in the corrosion studies and severe localized corrosion (SLC) was observed in the SZ related to intergranular attack. The results were compared to those of the non-affected areas by FSW, also known as base metal (BM). In the BM, SLC was found and the type of attack related to it was intragranular. In both zones, BM and SZ, SLC was due to precipitates of high electrochemical activity, specifically T1 (Al2CuLi) phase in the BM, whereas TB (Al7Cu4Li) / T2 (Al6CuLi3) in the SZ. Scanning vibrating electrode technique (SVET) analysis was very useful in the study of SLC in the AA2198-T8 alloy showing the development of high anodic current densities at the mouth of the SLC sites.
Corrosion protection of the AA2198-T8 alloy by environmentally friendly organic-inorganic sol-gel coating based on bis-1,2-(triethoxysilyl) ethane
2021 - KLUMPP, RAFAEL E.; DONATUS, UYIME; SILVA, REJANE M.P. da; ANTUNES, RENATO A.; MACHADO, CARULINE de S.C.; MILAGRE, MARIANA X.; ARAUJO, JOAO V. de S.; VIVEIROS, BARBARA V.G. de; COSTA, ISOLDA
In this work, a surface coating composed of organic‐inorganic hybrid sol‐gel based on bis‐1,2‐(triethoxysilyl) (BTSE) ethane was applied on AA2198‐T8 samples, and its effect on corrosion resistance was investigated and compared with that of a chromate layer formed in a solution with hexavalent chromium ions. The corrosion resistance of BTSE coated samples was evaluated by immersion tests in sodium chloride solution (0.005 mol/L NaCl) and monitored by global electrochemical techniques such as electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and local electrochemical techniques such as scanning vibrating electrode technique (SVET) and scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM). The formed coating layers were characterized by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The results pointed out that the BTSE is an effective alternative coating for corrosion protection of new generation Al‐Cu‐Li alloys and could replace chromates obtained in toxic and carcinogenic CrVI containing solutions leading to improved corrosion protection.
Exfoliation and intergranular corrosion resistance of the 2198 Al–Cu–Li alloy with different thermomechanical treatments
2020 - ARAUJO, JOAO V. de S.; MILAGRE, MARIANA X.; FERREIRA, RAPHAEL O.; MACHADO, CARULINE de S.C.; BUGARIN, ALINE de F.S.; MACHADO, IZABEL F.; COSTA, ISOLDA
In this study, the resistance to exfoliation and intergranular corrosion (IGC) of the 2198 Al–Cu–Li alloy submitted to different thermomechanical treatments (T3, T8, and T851) was investigated. The tests were carried out following the standard practices, ASTM G34‐18 and ASTM G110‐15, respectively. All the tested alloys showed susceptibility to exfoliation and some alloys showed susceptibility to IGC, but the artificially aged alloys presented a higher tendency to exfoliation. The extensive hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) was observed on the surfaces of artificially aged alloys when immersed in the EXCO solution. The HER resulted in an increase in solution pH with the time of immersion. Also, the weight losses related to the artificially aged alloys were higher than that of the naturally aged ones. The T8 treatment was the only condition that resulted in susceptibility to both, intergranular and transgranular corrosion, whereas the T851 treatment did not show IGC susceptibility, only transgranular corrosion. Finally, the 2198‐T3 condition showed the highest corrosion resistance among the thermomechanical treatments tested. The results of the 2198 alloy subjected to various treatments were compared with that of the 2024‐T3 alloy. This last alloy showed higher resistance to exfoliation and IGC as compared with the 2198 alloy.
Galvanic and asymmetry effects on the local electrochemical behavior of the 2098-T351 alloy welded by friction stir welding
2020 - MILAGRE, MARIANA X.; DONATUS, UYIME; MOGILI, NAGA V.; SILVA, REJANE M.P.; VIVEIROS, BARBARA V.G. de; PEREIRA, VICTOR F.; ANTUNES, RENATO A.; MACHADO, CARULINE S.C.; ARAUJO, JOAO V.S.; COSTA, ISOLDA
Scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) and scanning vibrating electrode technique (SVET) were used to investigate the electrochemical behaviour of the top surface of the 2098-T351 alloy welded by friction stir welding (FSW). The SVET technique was efficient in identifying the cathodic and anodic weld regions. The welding joint (WJ), which comprises the thermomechanically affected zone (TMAZ) and the stir zone (SZ), was cathodic relative to the heated affected zone (HAZ) and the base metal (BM). The reactivities of the welding joint at the advancing side (AS) and the retreating side (RS) were analyzed and compared using SECM technique in the competition mode by monitoring the dissolved oxygen as a redox mediator in 0.005 mol L−1 NaCl solution. The RS was more electrochemically active than the AS, and these results were correlated with the microstructural features of the welded alloy.
The effect of acid pickling on the corrosion behavior of a cerium conversion-coated AA2198-T851 Al-Cu-Li alloy
2020 - KLUMPP, RAFAEL E.; DONATUS, UYIME; ARAUJO, JOAO V.S.; REDÍGOLO, MARCELO M.; MACHADO, CARULINE de S.C.; COSTA, ISOLDA
The effect of acid pickling pretreatments prior to cerium conversion coating process on the corrosion behavior of AA2198-T851 alloy substrates was investigated. Three acid pretreatments were employed: nitric acid (HNO3), phosphoric acid (H3PO4) and sulfuric acid (H2SO4). The cerium conversion coating process was performed using a batch solution composed of cerium nitrate and hydrogen peroxide. Microscopic techniques, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, polarization resistance and open-circuit potential measurements were employed to investigate the effect of each acid pretreatment. The untreated and nitric acid pretreated substrates presented more defective cerium conversion layers than the substrates treated with phosphoric and sulfuric acids. Accordingly, the corrosion resistance of the untreated and nitric acid-treated substrates was very low, while that of the substrates treated with phosphoric acid and sulfuric acids were greatly improved. The sulfuric acid pickling treatment was the best pretreatment before cerium conversion coating among the investigated pretreatments on the AA2198-T851 Al-Cu-Li alloy.
Correlating the modes of corrosion with microstructure in the friction stir welded AA2198-T8 alloy in aqueous hydrogen peroxide-chloride medium
2019 - MACHADO, CARULINE de S.C.; DONATUS, UYIME; MILAGRE, MARIANA X.; MOGILI, NAGA V.V.; GIORJÃO, RAFAEL A.R.; KLUMPP, RAFAEL E.; ARAUJO, JOAO V. de S.; FERREIRA, RAPHAEL O.; COSTA, ISOLDA
In this study, different types of localized corrosion in the friction stir welding (FSW) zones of an AA2198-T8 when the alloy is subjected to a corrosion test in a hydrogen peroxide–chloride solution (according to ASTM G110 standard) has been investigated. The corrosion modes were correlated with microstructure, especially with respect to the T1 phase and coarse Al-Cu-Fe phase distribution across the weldment. Simulated thermal profile and microhardness measurements were used to establish the variations in T1 phase distribution. Two types of corrosion were observed in the FSW zones: intense pitting and intergranular corrosion—type I; and the formation of cavities and trenches—type II. Type I is associated with the T1 phase while type II is associated with Al-Cu-Fe coarse intermetallics. Both types were found on the base metal (BM) and heat affected zone, but the type I reduced in the latter toward the stir zone (SZ). The SZ/thermomechanically affected zone (TMAZ) exhibited only type II. Also, Cu enrichment was observed around the type II sites in the SZ/TMAZ. Furthermore, an inverse correlation between microhardness and corrosion resistance which was related to T1 phase concentration in the different zones was also observed. Moreover, the SZ and BM were isolated and evaluated by an immersion test and electrochemical analysis using the ASTM G110 test solution. The results indicated galvanic coupling effects, as the SZ was strongly attacked when exposed separately compared to when it was coupled with the other zones.