MARCOS ANTONIO HORTELLANI

MARCOS ANTONIO HORTELLANI

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Monitoração ambiental de metais do grupo da platina (Pt, Pd e Rh) em amostras de poeira (road dust) coletadas em vias com tráfego intenso de veículos na cidade de São Paulo
2019 - HORTELLANI, MARCOS A.
Na poeira acumulada nas ruas das cidades ("road dust"), encontra-se a presença de platina, paládio e ródio (Elementos do Grupo da Platina, os EGPs) liberados, devido aos desgastes com o uso, pelos catalisadores automobilísticos utilizados nos escapamentos, para controle das emissões de gases poluentes. Amostras de "road dust" de algumas das principais vias de tráfego intenso da cidade de São Paulo foram avaliadas quanto aos EPGs em 18 (dezoito) locais estrategicamente escolhidos e amostradas em 3 (três) campanhas de coleta (julho de 2008, julho - agosto de 2016 e julho de 2018). Para a realização deste trabalho foi utilizada metodologia para amostragem, preparação das amostras, digestão, separação dos interferentes da matriz por cromatográfica por troca iônica e a análise dos íons dos EGPs por espectrometria de massa com fonte de plasma, ICP-MS. A separação cromatográfica foi otimizada pelo acompanhamento da manutenção da razão isotópica natural, comprovando-se a eliminação dos íons interferentes durante a separação. A validação da metodologia proposta foi realizada utilizando-se os parâmetros de seletividade, efeito matriz, faixa de trabalho, linearidade, limites de detecção (LD) e de quantificação (LQ), precisão, exatidão e recuperação. Foi estimada a incerteza da medida, composta pela combinação da incerteza analítica e a incerteza de amostragem. Foi calculado o índice de poluição por metais, MPI, e o fator de enriquecimento, EF, dos EGPs. Nessas amostras foram quantificados os elementos nos intervalos: Pt (2,6 - 227 ng g-1), Pd (16,3 - 1875 ng g-1) e Rh (2,02 - 257 ng g-1). Os pontos de coleta das poeiras localizados na Av. da Consolação, na Av. Paulista e na Av. Rebouças, próximo às avenidas Consolação e Paulista, todas regiões com tráfego intenso e lento de veículos, apresentaram os valores mais elevados das concentrações dos EGPs e, portanto, também os maiores índices de poluição, "metal pollution index" (MPI), e dos fatores de enriquecimento "EF", evidenciando que esses EGPs são originários do desgaste dos catalisadores automotivos. Foram verificadas alterações nas razões entre os EGPs de 2008, 2016 e 2018, principalmente o aumento na concentração de paládio e diminuição na concentração da platina, diferenças essas ocorridas de acordo com as alterações feitas pela indústria automobilística nos catalisadores devido ao alto custo da platina.
Mercury chloride toxicity attenuation of the Brine Shrimp Artemia Salina after treatment with Mercurius corrosivus as isotherapic
2022 - PINTO, ANDREIA A.G.; NAGAI, MIRIAN Y. de O.; COIMBRA, EDNAR N.; MOHAMMAD, SUHAM N.; SILVA, JEFFERSON S.; VON ANCKEN, ADALBERTO; PINTO, SANDRA A.G.; AGUIAR, MICHELLE S.; DUTRA-CORREA, MARISTELA; HORTELLANI, MARCOS A.; MIRANDA, ADRIANA; SARKIS, JORGE E. de S.; SUFFREDINI, IVANA B.; PERES, GIOVANI B.; BERNARDI, MARIA M.; CARTWRIGHT, STEVEN J.; BONAMIN, LEONI V.
Isotherapics prepared from toxic substances have been described as attenuation factors for heavy metal intoxication in aquatic animals. Herein, Artemia salina and mercury chloride were used as a model to identify treatment-related bioresilience. The aim was to describe the effects of Mercurius corrosivus (MC) in different potencies on Artemia salina cyst hatching and on mercury bioavailability. Artemia salina cysts were exposed to 5.0 µg/mL of mercury chloride during the hatching phase. MC 6cH, 30cH, and 200cH were prepared and poured into artificial seawater. Different controls were used (nonchallenged cysts and challenged cysts treated with water, succussed water, and Ethilicum 1cH). Four series of nine experiments were performed for 4 weeks to evaluate the percentage of cyst hatching considering all moon phases. Soluble total mercury (THg) levels and precipitated mercury content were also evaluated. Solvatochromic dyes were used to check for eventual physicochemical markers of MC biological activity. Two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with mixed models was used for evaluating the effect of different treatments and the simultaneous influence of the moon phases on the cysts hatching rate, at both observation times (24 and 48 hours). When necessary, outliers were removed, using the Tukey criterion. The level of significance α was set at 5%. Significant delay (p<0.0001) in cyst hatching was observed after treatment with MC 30cH, compared with the controls. An increase in THg concentration in seawater (p<0.0018) and of chlorine/oxygen ratio (p<0.0001) in suspended micro-aggregates was also seen, with possible relation with mercury bioavailability. Specific interaction of MC 30cH with the solvatochromic dye ET33 (p<0.0017) was found. The other observed potencies of Mercurius corrosivus 6 and 200 cH were not significant in relation to the observed groups. The results were postulated as being protective effects of MC 30cH on Artemia salina, by improving its bioresilience.
Bioresilience to mercury chloride of the brine shrimp Artemia salina after treatment with homeopathic Mercurius corrosivus
2021 - PINTO, ANDREIA A.G.; NAGAI, MIRIAN Y. de O.; COIMBRA, EDNAR N.; MOHAMMAD, SUHAM N.; SILVA, JEFFERSON S.; VON ANCKEN, ADALBERTO; PINTO, SANDRA A.G.; AGUIAR, MICHELLE S.; DUTRA-CORREA, MARISTELA; HORTELLANI, MARCOS A.; MIRANDA, ADRIANA; SARKIS, JORGE E. de S.; SUFFREDINI, IVANA B.; PERES, GIOVANI B.; BERNARDI, MARIA M.; CARTWRIGHT, STEVEN J.; BONAMIN, LEONI V.
Introduction: Finding solutions to mitigate the impact of pollution on living systems is a matter of great interest. Homeopathic preparations of toxic substances have been described in the literature as attenuation factors for intoxication. Herein, an experimental study using Artemia salina and mercury chloride was developed as a model to identify aspects related to bioresilience. Aims: The aim of the study was to describe the effects of homeopathic Mercurius corrosivus (MC) on Artemia salina cysts hatching and on mercury bioavailability. Methods: Artemia salina cysts were exposed to 5.0 µg/mL of mercury chloride during the hatching phase. MC potencies (6cH, 30cH, and 200cH) were prepared in sterile purified water and poured into artificial sea water. Different controls were used (non-challenged cysts and challenged cysts treated with water, succussed water, and Ethilicum 1cH). Four series of nine experiments were performed to evaluate the percentage of cyst hatching. Soluble total mercury (THg) levels and precipitated mercury content were also evaluated. Solvatochromic dyes were used to check for eventual physicochemical markers of MC biological activity. Results: Significant delay (p < 0.0001) in cyst hatching was observed only after treatment with MC 30cH, compared with controls. This result was associated with an increase of THg concentration in water (p = 0.0018) and of chlorine/oxygen ratio (p < 0.0001) in suspended micraggregates, suggesting changes in mercury bioavailability. A specific interaction of MC 30cH with the solvatochromic dye ET33 (p = 0.0017) was found. Conclusion: Changes in hatching rate and possible changes in Hg bioavailability are postulated as protective effects of MC 30cH on Artemia salina, by improving its natural bioresilience processes.
Emerging contaminants (Rh, Pd, and Pt) in surface sediments from a Brazilian subtropical estuary influenced by anthropogenic activities
2021 - BERBEL, GLAUCIA B.B.; HORTELLANI, MARCOS A.; SARKIS, JORGE E. de S.; CHIOZZINI, VITOR G.; FAVARO, DEBORAH I.T.; SUTTI, BRUNO O.; SAKAZAKI, NIXON C.; BRAGA, ELISABETE de S.
The concentrations of Platinum (Pt), Rhodium (Rh) and Palladium (Pd) were evaluated from a highly impacted estuary in Brazil influenced by industrial pole, highway traffic and sewage outfall. The Santos-São Vicente region presents important economic activities derived from a largest harbor of Latin America and an industrial pole surrounded by intensive highway traffic. Values of Rh varied from 0.08 to 1.7 ng g−1 with highest values at stations impacted by domestic waste. Pt ranged from 0.15 to 40.3 ng g−1 with highest concentrations located close to the ferryboat traffic. Pd levels varied from 1.05 to 22.0 ng g−1 with values >5 ng g−1 in 50% of the stations. The spatial distribution of PGEs was not always directly associated with muddy sediments, because high PGE levels found even in sandy sediments. Pollution indexes, including anthropogenic factor (AF), geoaccumulation index (Igeo), Enrichment factor (EF), and Pollution Load Index (PLI) were used for evaluating contaminant potential. Based on EF, Igeo, and PLI, 50% of samples of the sediments from Santos-São Vicente Estuarine System (SSV) were classified with significant to strong PGE contamination. All stations on the Santos Channel (SC), São Vicente Channel (SVC) and Bertioga Channel (BC) had AF higher than 80% in at least one of PGE elements, as showed in station 2A, which presented AF <50% for Rh and Pd and 86% for Pt. Despite high anthropogenic enrichment, no correlations among PGE elements were observed in surface sediments. Only two stations presented Pd/Pt, Pt/Rh, and Pd/Rh typical ratios of auto catalyst (st. 14 and Piaçaguera) both located in the vicinity of highways. This could be due to the PGE deposition process in road dust, soil, and water as well as the biogeochemical cycling of PGEs involving organic metallic and inorganic complexes formed in the estuarine and seawaters.
Natural factors and chemical contamination control the structure of macrobenthic communities in the Santos Estuarine System (SP, Brazil)
2019 - ABESSA, D.M.S.; RACHID, B.R.F.; ZARONI, L.P.; GASPARRO, M.R.; PINTO, Y.A.; BICEGO, M.C.; HORTELLANI, M.A.; SARKIS, J.E.S.; MUNIZ, P.; MOREIRA, L.B.; SOUSA, E.C.P.M.
The Santos Estuarine System (SES) is a complex of bays, islands, estuarine channels, and rivers located on the Southeast coast of Brazil, in which multiple contaminant sources are situated in close proximity to mangroves and other protected areas. In this study, the composition and structure of the macrobenthic communities of SES were described and ninetynine species were identified, with the predominance of polychaetes and bivalve mollusks. The benthic assemblages also showed strong signs of stress, as indicated by the low abundance, richness and diversity, and the dominance of opportunistic species. Integrated analysis including sediment characteristics related to natural and anthropogenic factors (e.g., sediment chemistry, and toxicity) indicated that benthic fauna from the inner portions of the SES and vicinities of the SSOS diffusers as Santos Bay were affected. Some locations at the mouths of Santos and Sao Vicente estuaries exhibited moderate disturbance. In other sites from the mouth of São Vicente and Bertioga channels, and Santos Bay, the benthic fauna were considered not degraded. Our results suggest that a combination of both environmental factors and contaminants were responsible for the benthic community structure.
Organotropism of total mercury (THg) in Cichla pinima, ecological aspects and human consumption in fish from Amazon region, Brazil
2019 - AZEVEDO, JULIANA de S.; HORTELLANI, MARCOS A.; SARKIS, JORGE E. de S.
Specimens of the Cichla pinima are of ecological and economic importance in the Amazon region and are a good bioindicator species of Hg bioaccumulation. Adult specimens of Cichla pinima were obtained by fisheries in the Tapajós river region’s impacted gold mining area. Tissues such as muscle, liver, skin, and gill were submitted for total mercury (THg) analysis. For hepatic bioavailability, assays were carried out in the whole liver and in the sub-cellular hepatic fraction. The weight–length relationship showed an equation ofW= 2E− 06L3.3002 (R2 = 0.856) indicating an allometric growth. The mean THg values found in the muscle tissue of 676 ± 258 μg kg−1 were below the maximum limit established for human consumption, but were similar to Cichla fish from other areas impacted by Hg in the Amazon region. The trends of levels in the tissues were as follows: liver>muscle>gonads>skin>gill, with no significant differences between the gills and skin. A significant and positive correlation as rs = 0.65 was obtained between the THg contents in cytosolic fraction and the total hepatic THg (liver homogenate). However, only 7% of the THg were found and were available to the sub-cellular hepatic fraction. This profile can be an indicative of a hepatic cellular transference in fish exposed to high Hg levels in the Amazon region now that low concentrations of Hg have been found in the sub-cellular fraction. However, data of differential THg partition in the subcellular compartments should be considered, since others’ hepatic fractions can act in the Hg linkage into the cell.
In vitro biocompatibility of new bioactive lithia-silica glass-ceramics
2019 - DAGUANO, JULIANA K.M.B.; MILESI, MARIANA T.B.; RODAS, ANDREA C.D.; WEBER, ALINE F.; SARKIS, JORGE E.S.; HORTELLANI, MARCOS A.; ZANOTTO, EDGAR D.
Glass-ceramics based on the Li2O-SiO2 system have been extensively used as restorative dental materials due to their excellent chemical durability, aesthetics, inertness in the buccal environment, and high fracture strength; but they are not bioactive. On the other hand, all known bioactive glasses show ability to bond to bone, teeth and cartilage coupled to osteoconduction and osteoinduction, but their fracture strength and toughness are rather low. The aim of this study is to develop and evaluate the in vitro biocompatibility of a new type of (bioactive and strong) lithia-silica glass-ceramic. For these purposes, two types of glass-ceramics based on a multicomponent lithia-silica system were studied: lithium metasilicate (LM) and lithium disilicate (LD). The in vitro bioactivity study was conducted in a SBF solution, before and after different times of immersion; the new materials were analyzed by XRD, FTIR, and SEM. Some samples were subjected to in vitro biodegradation tests to quantify the release of lithium and the weight loss. Cytotoxicity, adhesion, and cell proliferation on different samples were examined by using the Methyl Tetrazolium salt (MTS) and Alizarin Red. For ~40 vol% crystallinity, lithium metasilicate was detected as the major phase, whereas for ~80 vol% crystallinity, lithium disilicate was the major phase. The LD proved to be strong (3p-bending strength of 233 ± 12 MPa) and bioactive after 14 days of immersion in SBF. In terms of lithium ion release, the LD was outside the toxic range (> 8.3 ppm). The LM and LD are not cytotoxic. The LD shows the best cellular adhesion and proliferation, leading to the formation of a mineralized matrix after 21 days. These results clearly suggest that the new LD brand is strong and highly biocompatible and warrants further study.
Bioaccumulation of total mercury (THg) in catfish (Siluriformes, Ariidae) with different sexual maturity from Cananéia-Iguape estuary, SP, Brazil
2019 - PECORARO, GIULLIANA D.; HORTELLANI, MARCOS A.; HAGIWARA, YURI S.; BRAGA, ELISABETE S.; SARKIS, JORGE E.; AZEVEDO, JULIANA S.
In order to improve the knowledge of total mercury (THg) bioaccumulation in bioindicator species of sea catfish (Siluriformes, Ariidae) and taking into account the relatively recent approach with respect to estuarine fish on the Brazilian coast, 65 individuals were caught in the northern and southern regions of the Cananeia estuary to determine the concentration of the THg in muscles, gills, gonads and kidney of the Cathorops spixii and Genidens genidens specimens. The difference in the THg accumulation associated to the maturity of the catfish reflects a differential metabolism regarding THg bioaccumulation in adults (males and females) and juveniles. These observations reinforce the importance of considering the maturity of the individual in order to understand the bioaccumulation and metabolism of fish under different environmental stress and conditions. Furthermore, abiotic conditions such as salinity should be evaluated in association with metabolic/biological conditions of the fish’s bioindicators, especially in environments with large natural or anthropogenic transition gradients.
Assessing the sediment quality of the Laje de Santos marine state park and other marine protected areas of the central coast of São Paulo (Brazil)
2017 - ABESSA, DENIS; VICENTE, THAISA M.; MOREIRA, LUCAS B.; MORAIS, LUCAS G.; CRUZ, ANA C.F.; MASSONETTO, MIRELLA; CAMPOS, BRUNO G. de; BICEGO, MARCIA C.; TANIGUCHI, SATIE; HORTELLANI, MARCOS A.; SARKIS, JORGE E. de S.
In this study, the quality of sediments from three Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) located on the coast of São Paulo (Laje de Santos Marine State Park - PEMLS; Xixova-Japui State Park - XJSP; and Central Coast Marine Protection Area - APAMLC) was assessed. Four sampling surveys were conducted (September/October 2013; January 2014; July 2014; January 2015). Sediment samples were collected at10 sites, distributed along the 3 MPAs. Samples were analyzed for sediment texture, total organic carbon, CaCO3, metals, aliphatic and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and for whole-sediment and sediment-water interface toxicities. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to integrate data. Most of the sediments exhibited low concentrations of chemicals, with the exception of those from P2 (APAMLC) where moderate levels of contaminants were detected. Sediments from P7 and P9 (PEMLS) occasionally showed signs of petroleum hydrocarbons. The other sediments showed no relevant contamination but presented variable toxicity, especially those of bioclastic composition. The PCA indicated a contribution of the sediment properties to the toxicities, especially the CaCO3. In bioclastic sediments, toxicity might be due to physical causes by or any indirect factor such as the presence of ammonia. It was concluded that both natural and anthropic factors are causing toxicity in sediments from the MPAs studied.
Assessing legacy contaminants in sediments from marine protected areas of the central coast of São Paulo (Brazil)
2017 - MOREIRA, LUCAS B.; VICENTE, THAISA M.; TANIGUCHI, SATIE; HORTELLANI, MARCOS A.; SARKIS, JORGE E.S.; BICEGO, MARCIA C.; ABESSA, DENIS M. de S.
The presence of legacy contaminants in sediments from three Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) of the coast of São Paulo State was evaluated. Four sampling surveys were conducted between 2013 and 2015 in 10 sites, distributed along the Laje de Santos Marine and Xixova-Japui State Parks (PEMLS and XJSP, respectively) and Central Coast Marine Protection Area (APAMLC). Samples were analyzed for sediment texture, total organic carbon, CaCO3, metals (Al, Fe, Hg, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn), aliphatic and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (AH and PAH). Sediments were generally sandy (excepting muddy samples from APAMLC), with variable amounts of TOC, OM and CaCO3. Most of the sediments exhibited low to moderate concentrations of metals, except APAMLC. Low contamination of sediments by hydrocarbons was found but samples from XLSP and APAMLC exhibited the highest concentrations of biogenic AH and PAH from pyrogenic sources. In APAMLC and PEMLS, the levels of metals can be considered as background levels according to geochemical indices (Igeo and EF). In XJSP and especially in APAMLC data indicated poor sediment quality, probably due to the effect of anthropic activities.