OTAVIO HIROKI ISHIKAWA
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Artigo IPEN-doc 28665 Development of sustainable food packaging material based on biodegradable polymer reinforced with cellulose nanocrystals2022 - ANDRADE, MARCIO S.; ISHIKAWA, OTAVIO H.; COSTA, ROBSON S.; SEIXAS, MARCUS V.S.; RODRIGUES, RITA C.L.B.; MOURA, ESPERIDIANA A.B.The increased environmental impact and sustainability issues related to conventional food packaging have gained attention and led to a global concern. The massive consumption of conventional food packaging has increased disposal of non-eco-friendly packaging waste, severely damaging the environment. The replacement by sustainable packaging is an important alternative to reduce the enormous volume of plastic waste. In this work, bionanocomposite films composed of PBAT/PLA blend and cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) extracted from agro-waste were investigated. Characterization of CNCs confirmed that nanocrystals were obtained. Bionanocomposite films presented better hydrophobic character and thermal stability than the blend film. In addition, the tensile strength, elongation at break, and Young's modulus was around 52%, 29%, and 118%, respectively, higher than blend films. These mechanical values were comparable to values of commercial plastic materials that are extensively used in food packaging. Thus, the prepared bionanocomposite films might be an interesting alternative to produce sustainable food packaging materials.Resumo IPEN-doc 27667 UV Barrier influence according to the amount of TiO2 in PBAT biodegradable flexible film2020 - BARTOLOMEI, M.R.; ISHIKAWA, O.; BARTOLOMEI, S.S.; MOURA, E.M.Manufacturing and consumption of polymeric products and packaging continues to grow despite concerns about environmental contamination due to improper post-consumer disposal, causing polymeric waste to emerge in increasingly remote places, polluting seas and soil, affecting flora, fauna and human health. Among these wastes are flexible food packaging. One of the alternatives to reduce this problem is the use of biodegradable materials, such as poly (butylene adipate-terephthalate) (PBAT), but the properties of this material do not meet all the needs of a food packaging, focus of this work. Additives and / or fillers must be added to improve the properties of this polymer, such as mechanical, thermal and barrier properties. One of the important features of a food packaging is the UV light barrier, as many products have shortened shelf life due to interaction with light. This work studies the effect of the addition of titanium dioxide (TiO2) particles to improve UV light barrier in biodegradable flexible PBAT films, with clay addition to improve mechanical properties. The films were obtained by melt processing so that the application is industrially and economically viable. For this, known amounts of TiO2 (0.1, 0.2 and 0.3 wt%) were added in a poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) solution, along with 0.5 wt% organophilized light green clay. This mixture was sonicated, poured onto PBAT pellets and oven dried. Then, the particle coated pellets were processed in a twin screw extruder, cooled and pelleted. Then the flexible film was produced in a flat die single screw extruder, thus producing 4 nanocomposites (PBAT + 0.5wt% Clay; PBAT + 0.5wt% Clay + 0.1wt% TiO2; PBAT + 0.5wt% Clay + 0.2wt% TiO2; PBAT + 0.5wt% Clay + 0.3wt% TiO2). The results of X Rays Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and tensile test showed that the clay was exfoliated in the polymer matrix, allowing improvements in the mechanical strength and elongation of the films. UV-vis absorption assays showed that the higher the TiO2 concentration the higher the UV barrier.Resumo IPEN-doc 27657 Graphene oxide nanosheets as fillers for thermoplastic-matrix nanocomposites2020 - MOURA, E.A.; SANTOS, B.S.; ISHIKAWA, O.; SANTANA, J.G.; BARTOLOMEI, M.R.; OLIVEIRA, R.R.Recent studies have shown that the synthesis of graphene oxide (GO) by chemical oxidation of graphite followed by its reduction is one's the most promising routes to prepare remarkable polymer/graphene nanocomposite materials with significant improvement of properties compared to the base polymer. The addition of a very small amount of reduced graphene oxide (RGO)in a polymer can enhance its properties, with respect to electrical conductivity, barrier resistance, stiffness, abrasion resistance, mechanical resistance, and fire retardancy. Numerous approaches have been established to prepare RGO from the desoxygenation of GO. This work presents the synthesis of graphene oxide by chemical oxidation of graphite followed by its photoreduction in aqueous dispersion using UV radiation and highlights some examples of RGO/thermoplastic-matrix nanocomposites prepared by melt processing. To evaluate the potential application of thermoplastic composites prepared, the RGO's content on the morphological, mechanical and thermal properties of the as-obtained nanocomposites has been assessed. In addition, GO/RGO nanosheets were characterized by ATR–FTIR, XRD, Raman, and FE-SEM. According to the results, it can be inferred that the addition of RGO leads to a remarkable improvement in the performance of thermoplastic-matrix nanocomposites and offers a competitive solution for various potential applications.Resumo IPEN-doc 27641 Sonochemical synthesis of reduced graphene oxide2020 - MOURA, E.A.; ISHIKAWA, O.; MANGIERI, F.; BARTOLOMEI, M.R.; BARTOLOMEI, S.S.; OLIVEIRA, R.R.; FRANCISCO, D.L.; GUIMARÃES, K.The reduction of graphene oxide (GO) by a safe and eco-friendly route, without the use of harmful chemicals, has drawn much attention as one of the most promising routes to produce graphene nanosheets, a 2D material with excellent electrical and thermal conductivity, optical and mechanical properties. Graphite exfoliation is widely performed by the chemical reduction of GO, which is commonly produced by oxidation of graphite using a strong oxidizing agent by Hummers’ method. This work presents a study of the influence of sonochemical application on synthesis of reduced graphene oxide induced by UV radiation. Commercial graphite powder was used as raw material. Firstly, graphite powder was dispersed into a DMF/deionized water solution and ultrasonicated using a high intensity ultrasonic device for 1 8 hours in other to reduce the particle sizes. After, sonicated graphite samples were frozen for 24 hours and freeze-dried for 24 hours to obtain the powder. Graphite powder obtained with different particle sizes was used to prepared GO through a chemical route. GO prepared was dispersed into a DMF/deionized water solution, ultrasonicated using a high intensity ultrasonic device for 1-2 hours, frozen for 24 hours and freeze-dried for 24 hours. Finally, GO powder samples were dispersed in a mixture of isopropyl alcohol, acetone, and deionized water and irradiated using UV radiation by different irradiation time to obtain reduced GO (RGO). The GO and RGO were characterized by BET, ATR–FTIR, XRD, Raman, TG, and FE-SEM analysis. In addition, graphite samples were characterized by BET, SEM and XRD analysis. The results showed that sonochemical application has a fundamental role in the synthesis of GO nanosheets and RGO. Ultrasonically prepared GO exhibited higher surface area, higher crystallinity and higher oxidation efficiency with many hydrophilic groups. FE-SEM analysis of the GO showed that sonochemical application reduced the aggregated domains and close stacking of sheets on the GO surface and led to obtaining reduced GO with a smooth surface, fewer layers and significant effective surface area.