FERNANDO MANTOVANI KONDO
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Artigo IPEN-doc 28152 Extraction of molybdenum from spent NiMo hydrocracking catalysts assisted by ionizing radiation2022 - KONDO, F.M.; DUARTE, C.L.; SOMESSARI, S.L.; SATO, M.I.; SALVADOR, V.L.R.; LIMA, N.B.; MARTINELLI, J.R.; CALVO, W.A.P.A catalyst is a substance that changes the rate of a reaction. In the petroleum industry, the catalysts are commonly used for fluid catalytic cracking and hydrocracking carried out with catalyst, each of them applied in a specific stage. These catalysts are used to facilitate the molecular chains cracking, which will generate a mixture of hydrocarbons. However, the catalyst gradually loses its activity, either by changing its original molecular structure or by its contamination from other petroleum molecules. The application of ionizing radiation (medium-energy electron beam) over these spent catalysts was studied to contribute the extraction of metals or rare-earths of high added-value. Tests conducted with hydrocracking catalysts were used the technique of electron beam irradiation (1.3 MeV) and had as a subject the extraction of molybdenum. Energy Dispersive X-ray analysis was performed on a Shimadzu EDX-720/800HS and X-ray Diffraction analysis on a Rigaku MultiFlex. Electron beam irradiation had a positive contribution if compared to traditional thermal and chemical methods. In temperature around 750 °C, hydrocracking irradiated catalysts of the lower region have an extraction of molybdenum (MoO3) yield twice higher compared to non-irradiated ones, in other words 57.65% and 26.24%, respectively.Artigo IPEN-doc 27971 Extraction of molybdenum from spent cracking catalysts2019 - KONDO, F.M.; DUARTE, C.L.; SOMESSARI, S.L.; SATO, M.I.; SALVADOR, V.L.R.; LIMA, N.B.; MARTINELLI, J.R.; CALVO, W.A.P.A catalyst is a substance that changes the rate of a reaction. In the petroleum industry, the catalysts are commonly used for Fluid Catalytic Cracking (FCC) and Hydro Catalytic Cracking (HCC), each of them applied in a specific stage. These catalysts are used to facilitate the molecular chains cracking, which will generate a mixture of hydrocarbons. However, the catalyst gradually loses its activity, either by changing its original molecular structure or by its contamination from other petroleum molecules. The application of ionizing radiation (medium-energy electron beam) over these spent catalysts was studied to contribute the extraction of metals or rare-earths of high added-value. Tests conducted with HCC catalysts were used the technique of electron beam irradiation (1.3 MeV) and had as a subject the extraction of Molybdenum. Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis was performed on a Shimadzu EDX-720/800HS and X-ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis on a Rigaku MultiFlex. Electron beam irradiation had a positive contribution if compared to traditional thermal and chemical methods. In temperature around 750°C, HCC irradiated catalysts of the lower region have an extraction of Molybdenum (MoO3) yield twice higher compared to non-irradiated ones, in other words 57.65% and 26.24%, respectively.Artigo IPEN-doc 22711 Electron beam application for regeneration of catalysts used in refinery cracking units2016 - KONDO, FERNANDO M.; DUARTE, CELINA L.; SATO, IVONE M.; SALVADOR, VERA L.R.; CALVO, WILSON A.P.A catalyst is a substance that alters the rate of a reaction. The process of catalysis is essential to the modern day manufacturing industry, mainly in FCC (Fluid Catalytic Cracking) process units. However, long-term exploitation of oil and gas processing catalysts leads to formation of carbon- and sulfur-containing structures of coke and dense products on the catalyst surface. They block reactive catalyst sites and reduce the catalytic activity. The main advantage of radiation processing by EB (electron beam) and gamma rays is chain cracking reaction in crude oil. Otherwise, under exposure to ionize radiation, considerable structure modification of equilibrium silica-alumina catalyst from FCC process may occur, in addition to the removal of impurities. The conditions applied in the irradiation range (20-150 kGy) of gamma rays and EB were not sufficient to alter the structure of the catalyst, whether for removal of the contaminant nickel, a major contaminant of the FCC catalyst, either to rupture of the crystalline structure either for the future reutilization of chemical elements. ATR-FTIR (Attenuated Total Reflectance-Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy and EDXRFS (Energy Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry) analysis were used to characterize and evaluate effects of radiation processing on equilibrium catalysts purification. To evaluate and comprehend the reactive catalyst sites, SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopy) and particle size distribution analyses were carried out.Dissertação IPEN-doc 20537 Estudo do efeito da radiação ionizante na utilização dos catalisadores desativados de craqueamento2014 - KONDO, FERNANDO M.Catalisador é uma substância que altera a velocidade de uma reação. Na indústria do petróleo os catalisadores mais utilizados são os catalisadores de Fluid Catalytic Cracking (FCC) e Hidrocatalytic Cracking (HCC) cada qual utilizado em uma determinada etapa do processo. Esses catalisadores são usados para facilitar a quebra das cadeias moleculares que darão origem a uma mistura de hidrocarbonetos. Contudo, o catalisador perde progressivamente sua atividade, seja pela mudança de sua estrutura molecular original ou pela sua contaminação provenientes de outras moléculas do petróleo. A aplicação das radiações ionizantes (feixe de elétrons e raios gama) nesses catalisadores desativados foi estudada para auxiliar na extração de metais ou terras-raras de alto valor agregado. Nos ensaios realizados com os catalisadores de FCC utilizaram-se das técnicas de irradiação por 60Co e por feixe de elétrons (EB) e tiveram como estudo a extração do lantânio (La2O3), a regeneração e utilização desses catalisadores. Entretanto, o uso da radiação ionizante não contribuiu nesses processos. Já nos catalisadores de HCC foi utilizado a irradiação por feixe de elétrons e como estudo a extração do molibdênio (MoO3). Na temperatura em torno de 750°C nesses catalisadores irradiados do leito inferior obteve-se um rendimento de extração duas vezes maior em comparação aos não irradiados, ou seja de 57,65% e 26,24% respectivamente.Artigo IPEN-doc 19421 Electron beam application for regeneration of catalysts used in refinery cracking units2013 - KONDO, FERNANDO M.; DUARTE, CELINA L.; SATO, IVONE M.; SALVADOR, VERA L.R.; CALVO, WILSON A.P.