S. GEORGES
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Artigo IPEN-doc 21406 Direct ethanol anode-supported solid oxide fuel cell2015 - NOBREGA, S.D.; STEIL, M.C.; GEORGES, S.; UHLENBRUCK, S.; FONSECA, F.C.An anode-supported solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) was continuously operated with direct (anhydrous) ethanol for ~600 hours, with a high current density. The operation of the SOFC under ethanol was made possible with the deposition of a ceria-based catalytic layer onto the cermet anode support, which efficiently converts the primary fuel in hydrogen. The catalytic layer associated with the gradual internal reforming (GIR) process avoids carbon deposition on the Ni surface. The results provide a significant advance towards the development of direct ethanol solid oxide fuel cells.Resumo IPEN-doc 19785 Towards fuel flex solid ocide fuel cells by internal gradual reforming2013 - NOBREGA, S.D.; GEORGES, S.; STEIL, M.C.; FONSECA, F.C.Artigo IPEN-doc 19546 Fuel-flex SOFC running on internal gradual reforming2013 - NOBREGA, S.D.; FONSECA, F.C.; GELIN, P.; NORONHA, F.B.; GEORGES, S.; STEIL, M.C.Electrolyte-supported single fuel cells based on yttria-stabilized zirconia components with a ceria-based catalytic layer added to the anode were operated with three different fuels: hydrogen, methane, and ethanol. Methane and ethanol were directly fed to the fuel cells without water or any oxidizing agent. Fuels were interchanged during continuous polarization and fuel cell accumulated ~160 hours of operation delivering comparable current densities for each fuel. This result was supported by stability curves, impedance spectroscopy, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analyses, which showed that deleterious carbon deposits were absent in the anode of tested fuel cells.Artigo IPEN-doc 18301 Gradual internal reforming of ethanol in solid oxide fuel cells2012 - NOBREGA, S.D.; FONSECA, F.C.; GELIN, P.; NORONHA, F.B.; GEORGES, S.; STEIL, M.C.Electrolyte (yttria-stabilised zirconia, YSZ) supported solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) were fabricated using spin coating of standard LSM cathode and Ni-YSZ cermet anode. A ceria-based catalytic layer was deposited onto the anode with a special current collector design. Such a single cell configuration allows operation by gradual internal reforming of direct carbon-containing fuels. First, the fabricated single cells were operated with hydrogen to determine the optimised conditions of fuel concentration and flow rate regarding faradaïc efficiency. Then, the fuel was switched to dry ethanol and the cells were operated for several hours (100 h) with good stability. Post-operation electron microcopy analyses revealed no carbon formation in the anode layer. The results indicate that the gradual internal reforming mechanism is effective, opening up the way to multi-fuel SOFCs, provided that a suitable catalyst layer and cell design are available.