VANESSA SILVA GRANADEIRO GARCIA

VANESSA SILVA GRANADEIRO GARCIA

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Toxicidade aguda e avaliação de riscos ecológicos de fármacos pertencentes a diferentes classes detectados em ambientes aquáticos
2021 - TOMINAGA, F.K.; BOIANI, N.F.; GARCIA, V.S.G.; SILVA, T.T.; LEO, P.; BORRELY, S.I.
Avaliação da toxicidade da mistura de fármacos submetidos a irradiação por feixe de elétrons
2021 - BOIANI, N.F.; SILVA, T.T.; TOMINAGA, F.K.; GARCIA, V.S.G.; BORRELY, S.I.
Acute and chronic ecotoxicological effects of pharmaceuticals and their mixtures in Daphnia similis
2022 - TOMINAGA, FLAVIO K.; BOIANI, NATHALIA F.; SILVA, THALITA T.; GARCIA, VANESSA S.G.; BORRELY, SUELI I.
Pharmaceuticals have increasingly received attention from the scientific community due to their growing intake, improved detection and potential ecological risks. Several pharmaceuticals, including antidepressants, anti-inflammatory and antidiabetic compounds and antibiotics, have been described as contaminants in different water matrices. In this context, the aim of the present study was to assess the acute and chronic effects of four classes of pharmaceuticals (acetylsalicylic acid, fluoxetine, metformin and ciprofloxacin) individually and in binary and quartenary mixture. Furthermore, the toxicity of binary mixtures containing the antidepressant fluoxetine was also evaluated. The results of the single acute and chronic toxicity assays indicate lower acetylsalicylic acid and higher fluoxetine toxicity towards Daphnia similis. Regarding the evaluated mixture toxicity, the nature of potential toxicological interactions was predicted by applying mathematical concentration addition and independent action models. The findings revealed both antagonistic and synergistic features, depending on the applied amounts and doses. Finally, the chronic assays performed with the quaternary mixture indicated the presence of a hormetic effect at low concentrations. In sum, the present study demonstrated that the effects of individual pharmaceuticals can underestimate the risk level of these contaminants in the environment.
Acute toxicity assessment of fluoxetine hydrochloride (Prozac®) when submitted to electron beam irradiation
2011 - SANTOS, D.R.A.; GARCIA, V.S.G.; VILARRUBIA, A.C.S.; BORRELY, S.I.
The large-scale production of medicinal products is directly related to the presence of pharmaceutical drugs in sewage and water. The continuous input of medicines and its residues into the environment especially by sewage and wastewater generates an increasing need of new methods for its treatment and suitable control. The fluoxetine hydrochloride (FH), also known as Prozac®, is an active ingredient used in the treatment of depressive and anxiety disorders [1]. The present study focused on applying the ionizing radiation in order to reduce the acute toxicity of the FH drug solution, under its manipulated formula, to aquatic organisms. Hyalella azteca and Daphnia similis were the organisms used in the biological assays applied for the toxicity studies. It was used a Dynamitron electron beam accelerator and its energy was fixed at 1,4MeV for 5kGy and 10kGy doses [2]. For the calculation of the effective concentration (EC50) it was used the statistic program Trimmed Spearman - Karber. The average values for acute toxicity of FH were 0.59mg.L-1 (EC5 096h) for Hyalella azteca and of 1,44mg.L-1 (EC5 048h) for Daphnia similis. After irradiation of the FH aqueous solution, the following EC50 average values were obtained: 7.81mg.L-1 (5kGy) and 7.97mg.L-1 (10kGy) for Hyalella azteca; 8,46mg.L-1 (5kGy ) and 7.31mg.L-1 (10kGy ) for Daphnia similis. The obtained results revealed the FH as a very toxic compound. These results are confirmed by the EU - Directive 93/67/EEC (Commission of the European Communities) [3]. A significant reduction of the acute effects was obtained when 5kGy and 10kGy were applied.
Ecotoxicological approach of surfactants treated by ionizing radiation
2021 - GARCIA, VANESSA S.G.; ROSA, JORGE M.; SILVA, THALITA T.; BORRELY, SUELI I.
Removing surfactants from liquid effluents has been a fundamental issue since they are found in several industrial effluents, hospitals, restaurants, and even homes. When disposed into aquatic environmental, surfactants can implicate in significant changes, including several adverse effects to aquatic organisms. The present study was developed to assess the ecotoxicological effects of surfactants (anionic and nonionic) to aquatic organisms Vibrio fischeri bacteria, Daphnia similis crustacean. The ionizing radiation (Electron Beam Irradiation - EBI) was applied as a possible technology for the treatment of these contaminants in order to reduce acute toxic effects. The obtained data showed that the surfactants were toxic for both organisms, and the nonionic were more toxic than anionic. EB irradiation reduced surfactants toxicity by 40% acute toxic effects for nonionic surfactant and more than 70% for anionic, for both exposed organisms classes.
Avaliação ecotoxicológica de efluente têxtil submetido a radiação ionizante
2021 - GARCIA, VANESSA S.G.; TALLARICO, LENITA de F.; ROSA, JORGE M.; NAKANO, ELIANA; BORRELY, SUELI I.
O setor têxtil demanda elevada quantidade de água para o processo de beneficiamento das fibras, e adicionalmente gera um grande volume de efluente colorido e com diversos contaminantes. Estes são responsáveis por uma parcela importante na degradação dos corpos hídricos em diversas regiões do mundo, causando efeitos adversos aos ecossistemas. Devido a elevada carga tóxica, composição e coloração, geralmente esses efluentes necessitam de tratamentos complementares para melhorar a degradação. Desta forma, tem-se buscado tecnologias mais eficientes para a oxidação destes contaminantes, com ênfase para os processos oxidativos avançados, como a irradiação por feixe de elétrons. O processo com radiação ionizante promove a radiólise da água com formação de radicais hidroxila ou produtos moleculares que atuam na degradação dos compostos orgânicos. O presente estudo dedicou-se a análise da toxicidade aguda de um efluente têxtil (contendo corante reativo Red 239) em dois níveis tróficos do ambiente aquático, o microcrustáceo Daphnia similis e o caramujo Biomphalaria glabrata. A exposição para D. similis foi de 48 horas e o efeito observado foi a imobilidade dos organismos expostos, já para B. glabrata a exposição foi de 24h e observada a letalidade. Os resultados de toxicidade foram expressos pela CE(L)50 (Concentração efetiva/letal mediana). A radiação ionizante por feixe de elétrons foi proposta como tecnologia para tratamento do efluente visando a redução da toxicidade, sendo avaliadas as doses de 2,5 kGy e 5 kGy. As amostras foram irradiadas em Acelerador de Elétrons (Dynamitron®), com energia fixada em 1,4 MeV. A eficiência da irradiação quanto à redução de toxicidade foi obtida a partir dos valores de CE(L)50, transformados para unidade de toxicidade (UT= 100/CE(L)50). Com relação ao efeito agudo para os organismos avaliados, pode-se observar que o efluente bruto foi mais tóxico para o microcrustáceo, com CE50= 9,61% enquanto para B. glabrata foi obtido o valor de CL50=25,09%. As amostras irradiadas, os valores em relação a redução da toxicidade foram melhores se comparados ao efluente bruto: D. similis, CE50%= 12,62 (2,5 kGy); 17,24 (5 kGy), B. glabrata, CL50= 63% (2,5 kGy) e 70,71% (5 kGy). A partir da dose de 2,5 kGy já foi possível observar eficiência em relação a redução da toxicidade para ambos os organismos. Com 5 kGy, a eficiência em relação a redução de efeitos agudos foi superior a 64% em B. glabrata e superior a 44% para D. similis. Os resultados aqui obtidos confirmam que efluentes industriais, como os do setor têxtil, são críticos do ponto de vista de contaminação ambiental, destacando, assim, a necessidade de melhor gerenciamento, tratamento e descarte adequados destes efluentes. Com a tecnologia por feixe de elétrons, foram obtidos dados promissores em termos de tratamento com diminuição significativa da toxicidade.
Avaliação da toxicidade de surfactantes não iônico e aniônico submetidos a tratamento por feixe de elétrons
2021 - GARCIA, VANESSA S.G.; TOMINAGA, FLAVIO K.; BOIANI, NATHALIA F.; SILVA, THALITA T.; ROSA, JORGE M.; BORRELY, SUELI I.
Toxicidade do efluente e consumo hídrico e energético no tingimento de poliamida
2021 - MORAIS, ALINE V. de; MELO, CAMILA G.; GARCIA, VANESSA S.G.; PEREIRA, MARIA da C.C.; ROSA, JORGE M.; BORRELY, SUELI I.
O uso racional da água é imprescindível no setor industrial e deste modo necessita de tecnologia e esforços que permitam o reuso desse recurso natural. O estudo concentrou-se na determinação do consumo hídrico e energético durante o tingimento da poliamida, bem como na avaliação do efeito tóxico do efluente para o microcrustáceo Daphnia similis. O efluente pode ser considerado como muito tóxico tendo em vista que a CE50 foi 0,61 ± 0,21 (%, v/v) após 48 horas de exposição. Conforme orientação da Resolução CONAMA 430/2011 o efluente deve ser tratado em nível tal que não induza toxicidade quando lançado no corpo receptor. Buscas por tecnologias que permitam o reúso e a melhoria dos efluentes também são necessários nessa atividade industrial.
Multiple adverse effects of textile effluents and reactive Red 239 dye to aquatic organisms
2021 - GARCIA, VANESSA S.G.; TALLARICO, LENITA de F.; ROSA, JORGE M.; SUZUKI, CELSO F.; ROUBICEK, DEBORAH A.; NAKANO, ELIANA; BORRELY, SUELI I.
Textile dyeing consumes high volumes of water, generating proportional number of colored effluents which contain several hazardous chemical. These contaminants can implicate in significant changes in aquatic environmental, including several adverse effects to organisms in different trophic levels. The present study was developed to assess the ecotoxicological effects of textile effluent samples and reactive Red 239 dye (used in cotton dyeing) to aquatic organisms Vibrio fischeri bacteria, Daphnia similis crustacean, and Biomphalaria glabrata snail (adults and embryos). Chronic assays with lethal and sublethal effects for Daphnia similis were included and performed only for textile effluents samples. The mutagenicity was also evaluated with Salmonella/microsome assay (TA98, TA100, and YG1041 strains). V. fischeri bacteria was the most sensitive to reactive Red 239 dye (EC50 = 10.14 mg L−1) followed by mollusk embryos at all stages (EC50 = 116.41 to 124.14 mg L−1), D. similis (EC50= 389.42 mg L−1), and less sensitive to adult snails (LC50= 517.19 mg L−1). The textile effluent was toxic for all exposed organisms [E(L)C50 < 15%] and B. glabrata embryos showed different responses in the early stages of blastulae and gastrulae (EC50 = 7.60 and 7.08%) compared to advanced development stages trochophore and veliger (EC50 = 21.56 and 29.32%). Developmental and sublethal effects in B. glabrata embryos and D. similis were evidenced. In the chronic assay with effluent, the EC10/NOEC = 3% was obtained. Mutagenic effects were not detected for dye aqueous solutions neither for effluents samples. These data confirmed the importance of evaluating the effects in aquatic organisms from different trophic levels and reinforce the need for environmental aquatic protection.
Electron beam irradiation of combined pharmaceuticals
2021 - BOIANI, NATHALIA F.; GARCIA, VANESSA S.G.; BORRELY, SUELI I.
There are serious evidences that justify the search for treatment technologies or processes combination for the improvement of decomposition for dozens of pharmaceuticals in wastewaters. Electron beam irradiation may play an important role in this scenario and relatively low doses have been reported for such purposes. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the toxic response of the crustacean Daphnia similis exposed to individual and combined pharmaceuticals, before and after electron beam irradiation treatment. Several experimental trials of an acute immobilization test were performed with a mixture of pharmaceuticals composed of fluoxetine hydrochloride (Prozac®), and propranolol. Single pharmaceuticals were first tested separately. Toxicity of binary mixture was then assessed using five concentrations and five percentages of each substance in the mixture (0, 25, 50, 75, and 100%). Acute EC50% values ranged from 5.0 to 7.4 for fluoxetine and from 11.3 to 13.7 for propranolol. In mixture, values ranged from 6.4 to 9.8. Fluoxetine was more toxic than propranolol for D.similis. The different pharmaceuticals concentrations employed in a mixture showed no difference in toxicity values. When electron beam irradiation was applied, approximately 80% of acute effects were reduced at 5 kGy, and the mixture containing a higher percentage of fluoxetine, also showed a greater reduction of toxicity.