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    Artigo IPEN-doc 30956
    Preliminary study of greenhouse gases near to Santos and São Sebastião ports
    2024 - ARAUJO, ELAINE C.; ANDRADE, IZABEL da S.; CORREA, THAIS; ANDRADE, THAIS; MACEDO, FERNANDA de M.; BRAGA, ELISABETE S.; ANDRADE, MARIA de F.; LANDULFO, EDUARDO
    The carbon biogeochemical cycle in nature involves the atmosphere, ocean, terrestrial and marine biota, and mineral reservoirs, with major fluxes between the atmosphere and both terrestrial biota and ocean waters. Studies link the increase of CO2 and CH4 (GHG) to climate change and anthropogenic activities. Coastal zones have a significant impact on the carbon cycle. This study examines GHG concentrations in estuary systems close to port zones, focusing on Santos and São Sebastião ports in São Paulo, Brazil. Santos Port, the largest in Latin America, and São Sebastião Port, with a petroleum terminal, can be significant contributors of GEE. A preliminary campaign measured CO2 and CH4 for 27 hours using a portable GHG analyzer on the research vessel Albacora from the University of São Paulo's Oceanographic Institute. Results showed promising GHG concentrations, with CO2 levels above 420 ppm near Santos and above 450 ppm near São Sebastião, for methane, the major concentration was ~3 ppm, but in short period of acquisitions, in the major part of traject the level was between ~1.8 - ~1.9 ppm.
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    Artigo IPEN-doc 30789
    Evaluation of the potential for greenhouse gas (CO2, CH4) emissions in the southern São Paulo coastal region, Cananéia-Iguape system
    2024 - ARAUJO, ELAINE C.; CORREA, THAIS; ANDRADE, IZABEL da S.; MACEDO, FERNANDA de M.; MARQUES, MARCIA T.; ANDRADE, THAIS; SOUTO-OLIVEIRA, CARLOS E.; BRAGA, ELISABETE S.; ANDRADE, MARIA de F.; LANDULFO, EDUARDO
    The emissions of CH4 and CO2, the primary greenhouse gases, have a significant impact on radiative forcing. This study investigated these gases along the Cananéia-Iguape estuarine system on the southern coast of the State of São Paulo, Brazil, which is a mangrove region characterized by low anthropogenic impact and a sparse population. As such, this area provides an ideal location for identifying natural emissions and background concentrations. The data for this study were collected using a portable gas analyzer (LGRICOSTM GLA131), known for its high sensitivity and precision in detecting gases, mounted on a research boat. The results obtained were promising for both gases. A small variability in CH4 concentrations was observed along the route, ranging from 1.84 ppm to 1.95 ppm, while CO2, showed greater variation in values obtained during routes, ranging from approximately 411 ppm to 575 ppm. This study underscores the importance of investigating areas with minimal environmental impact. Together with future analyses, this research should help improve Greenhouse Gas (GHG) inventories in Brazil by providing valuable baseline data for comparisons with more impacted areas.