SANDRA REGINA DAMATTO

SANDRA REGINA DAMATTO

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Caracterização química elementar de matrizes biológicas empregando a técnica de INA
2022 - LEONARDO, LUCIO; DAMATTO, SANDRA R.
A INAA foi utilizada no estudo do uso de líquens Canoparmelia texana como bioindicador ambiental de radionuclídeos e metais em região impactada por NORM, na proposta de uso da tartaruga de água doce Trachemis scripta elegans como bioindicadora ambiental em áreas urbanas de São Paulo e com o objetivo de caracterização química elementar dos produtos derivados da Nicotiana tabacum L. Foram determinados nas irradiações realizadas no reator IEA-R1 do IPEN, os elementos As, Ba, Br, Ca, Ce, Co, Cr, Cs, Eu, Fe, Hf, K, La, Lu, Na, Nd, Rb, Sb, Sc, Se, Sm, Ta, Tb, Th, U, Yb e Zn usando os materiais de referência lichen, folhas de pêssego, folhas de tomate, peixe e mexilhão. Os resultados indicaram a possibilidade do uso da espécie de liquens como bioindicador de radioatividade e metais, pois as concentrações máximas obtidas de 53 ± 5 mg kg-1, 79 ± 8 mg kg-1, 135 mg kg-1 para os elementos Hf, Ta e ΣETR, foram maiores que as concentrações 1,51 ± 0,05 mg kg-1, 1,70 ± 0,22 mg kg-1 e 8,5 mg kg-1 da amostra considerada background, respectivamente, indicando o enriquecimento dos elementos citados. Nas amostras da tartaruga de água doce, os referidos elementos químicos foram determinados no casco, tecido epidérmico córneo, músculo, rim, coração e pulmões e as maiores concentrações foram para os elementos Ca, K e Na. Nas amostras de escudo epidérmico e casco foi observada a presença de Zn que pode ser uma característica da espécie ou uma contribuição do ambiente, sendo necessário mais amostras para a verificação da possibilidade de uso da espécie como bioindicador. Nos produtos derivados da Nicotiana tabacum L. comercializados em algumas regiões do Brasil, como cigarros, charutos, fumo de corda e rapé, os elementos que apresentaram maiores concentrações foram Ba, Br, Ca, Ce, K, e Zn.
Monitoring anthropogenic airbone natural radionuclides in the vicinity of TENORM industry using lichen as bio-indicator
2010 - MAZZILLI, B.P.; LEONARDO, L.; DAMATTO, S.R.
It is well known that the operation of TENORM industries may affect the surrounding environment. The amount of natural radionuclides discharged to the atmosphere from a TENORM industry depends on a number of factors such as the composition of the raw material and final residue formed and the chemical process involved. The tin industry is a typical example of a TENORM industry, since the high temperatures used in the smelting and refining processes may lead to concentrations of natural radionuclides, mainly in the precipitated dust and in slag, which are stored in piles in open air. Pb-210 can also be released to the atmosphere during the combustion, depending on the efficiency of the emission control devices. This paper aims to study the viability of using Canoparmelia texana lichen species as bio-indicator of air pollution by natural radionuclides of the U and Th series (238U, 226Ra, 210Pb, 210Po, 232Th and 228Ra) in the surroundings of a tin and lead industry located in Pirapora do Bom Jesus city in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. This installation is responsible for the production of about 7 500 ton year-1 of tin and 120 ton year-1 of lead. The raw material used is cassiterite, which presents in its composition concentrations of U and Th up to 42 kBq kg-1 and 60 kBq kg-1 , respectively. The amount of waste stored is estimated to be about 54 000 ton annually. The radionuclides 226Ra, 228Ra and 210Pb were determined by radiochemical separation followed by gross alpha and beta counting using a gas flow proportional counter. Po-210 was spontaneously plated on a silver disc and measured by alpha spectrometry. Uranium and thorium were determined by instrumental neutron activation analysis. Concentration values obtained for lichen samples varied from 19 Bq kg-1 to 473 Bq kg-1 for 238U, 21.4 Bq kg-1 to 265 Bq kg-1 for 226Ra, 401 Bq kg-1 to 1083 Bq kg-1 for 210Pb, 16 Bq kg-1 to 574 Bq kg-1 for 232Th, from 175 Bq kg-1 to 389 Bq kg-1 for 228Ra and from 115 ± 4 Bq kg-1 to 1318 ± 30 Bq kg-1 for 210Po. It was also observed that the lichens more exposed to atmospheric deposition and for a longer period of time presented a higher accumulation of these elements.
Assessment of atmospheric pollution in the vicinity of a tin and lead industry using lichen Canoparmelia texana
2008 - LEONARDO, LUCIO; DAMATTO, SANDRA R.; MAZZILLI, BARBARA P.; SAIKI, MITIKO; OLIVEIRA, SONIA M.B. de
Monitoring anthoropogenic airbone sup(210)Pb and sup(210)Po in the vicinity of a TENORM industry using lichen as bio-indicator
2009 - DAMATTO, S.R.; LEONARDO, L.; MAZZILLI, B.P.
Lichen specie Canoparmelia texana as bioindicator of environmental impact from the phosphate fertilizer industry of Sao Paulo, Brazil
2014 - LEONARDO, L.; DAMATTO, S.R.; GIOS, B.R.; MAZZILLI, B.P.
The Brazilian phosphate industry is the sixth worldwide producer of phosphate rock concentrate generating phosphoric acid, fertilizers, intermediates for fertilizers and other products. Two of the most important of these industries are both located in the city of Cubata˜o— Sa˜o Paulo, Brazil, and they are responsible for the production of P2O5, generating a residue known as phosphogypsum. The raw material, phosphate rock and products are commonly transported to the industrial complex by a railroad line and present in their composition natural radionuclides from the U and Th series and rare earth elements. Lichens have been used for monitoring atmospheric pollution and radiological contamination for a long time and have proven to be an important tool. This paper aims to highlight the use of the lichen specie Canoparmelia texana (family Parmeliacea) as a bioindicator of atmospheric pollution by the natural radionuclides from the U and Th series and RREs due to the operation of these industries and the storage of their residue in the open air. Samples of these lichen specie were collected in the vicinity of the industries and the railroad. The radionuclides 226Ra, 228Ra and 210Pb were measured by alpha and beta counting, after radiochemical separation, and 238U, 232Th as well as REEs were determined by instrumental neutron activation analysis. The results showed that the lichens present the same fingerprint as the phosphate rock and phosphogypsum, furthermore the cluster analysis of the results showed that the lichen samples collected near to the railroad line presented the highest values for all the elements studied.
Assessment of atmospheric pollution in the vicinity of a tin and lead industry using lichen species Canoparmelia texana
2011 - LEONARDO, LUCIO; MAZZILLI, BARBARA P.; DAMATTO, SANDRA R.; SAIKI, MITIKO; OLIVEIRA, SONIA M.B. de