Effectiveness of Ni-based and Fe-based cladding alloys in delaying hydrogen generation for small modular reactors with increased accident tolerance
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Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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This study investigates the high temperature oxidation behaviour of a Ni–20Cr-1.2Si (wt.%) alloy in steam from 1200 °C to 1350 °C by Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS) and X-ray Diffraction (XRD). The results demonstrate that exposed Ni-based alloy developed a thin oxide scale, consisted mainly of Cr2O3. The oxidation kinetics obtained from the experimental results was applied to evaluate the hydrogen generation considering a simplified reactor core model with different cladding alloys following an unmitigated Loss-Of-Coolant Accident (LOCA) scenario in a hypothetical Small Modular Reactor (SMR). Overall, experimental data and simulations results show that both Fe-based and Ni-based alloys may enhance cladding survivability, delaying its melting, as well as reducing hydrogen generation under accident conditions compared to Zr-based alloys. However, a substantial neutron absorption occurs when Ni-based alloys are used as cladding for current uranium-dioxide fuel systems, even when compared to Fe-based alloys.
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AVELAR, ALAN M.; CAMARGO, FABIO de; SILVA, VANESSA S.P. da; GIOVEDI, CLAUDIA; ABE, ALFREDO; MOURAO, MARCELO B. Effectiveness of Ni-based and Fe-based cladding alloys in delaying hydrogen generation for small modular reactors with increased accident tolerance. Nuclear Engineering and Technology, v. 55, n. 1, p. 156-168, 2023. DOI: 10.1016/j.net.2022.09.002. Disponível em: http://repositorio.ipen.br/handle/123456789/33996. Acesso em: 20 Mar 2026.
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