Intra-urban biomonitoring
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Environmental International
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It is of great interest to evaluate if there is a relationship between possible sources and trace elements using biomonitoring techniques. In this study, tree bark samples of 171 trees were collected using a biomonitoring technique in the inner city of São Paulo. The trace elements (Al, Ba, Ca, Cl, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na, P, Rb, S, Sr and Zn)
were determined by the energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence (EDXRF) spectrometry. The Principal Component
Analysis (PCA) was applied to identify the plausible sources associated with tree bark measurements. The
greatest source was vehicle-induced non-tailpipe emissions derived mainly from brakes and tires wear-out
and road dust resuspension (characterized with Al, Ba, Cu, Fe, Mn and Zn), which was explained by 27.1% of
the variance, followed by cement (14.8%), sea salt (11.6%) and biomass burning (10%), and fossil fuel combustion
(9.8%). We also verified that the elements related to vehicular emission showed different concentrations at different sites of the same street, which might be helpful for a new street classification according to the emission
source. The spatial distribution maps of element concentrations were obtained to evaluate the different levels
of pollution in streets and avenues. Results indicated that biomonitoring techniques using tree bark can be applied to evaluate dispersion of air pollution and provide reliable data for the further epidemiological studies.
Como referenciar
MOREIRA, TIANA C.L.; OLIVEIRA, REGIANE C. de; AMATO, LUIS F.L.; KANG, CHOONG-MIN; SALDIVA, PAULO H.N.; SAIKI, MITIKO. Intra-urban biomonitoring: source apportionment using tree barks to identify air pollution sources. Environmental International, v. 91, p. 271-275, 2016. DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2016.03.005. Disponível em: http://repositorio.ipen.br/handle/123456789/26503. Acesso em: 30 Dec 2025.
Esta referência é gerada automaticamente de acordo com as normas do estilo IPEN/SP (ABNT NBR 6023) e recomenda-se uma verificação final e ajustes caso necessário.