Antarctic sea ice concentration in the Brazilian Earth System Model Simulations
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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection
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Resumo
Sea ice is an important and complex component of the Earth’s system, acting
as both an indicator and an amplifier of climate change. Here, we investigated the ability of the Brazilian Earth System Model (BESM-OA2.5) and four
state-of-the-art climate models participating in the fifth phase of the Coupled
Model Intercomparison Project, Version 5 (CMIP5) to represent the Antarctic
Sea Ice Concentration (SIC) seasonal cycle. We validated the sea ice model’s
performance using satellite data from 1980 to 2005 and calculated the skill
and RMSE of each model. BESM-OA2.5 results for melt-freeze transitions in
the Southern Ocean are consistent with CMIP5 models and satellite data. In
February, when the sea ice reaches its annual minimum, the BESM-OA2.5
has the best fit among the models. However, in September, when the Antarctic sea ice reaches its annual maximum, the SIC simulated by BESM-OA2.5
indicated the largest area covered by ice compared to satellite, particularly on
the Polar Front. Similar results were found in the CMIP5 models evaluated
here. We suggest that the large bias simulated in the Polar Front is related to
the inability of the sea ice model to represent the complex ocean- atmosphere-sea ice interactions. The subject is considered a hot topic in climate
change studies and lacks conclusive answers.
Como referenciar
CASAGRANDE, FERNANDA; FINOTTI, ELISANGELA; SOUZA, RONALD B. de; MOURA, REGIANE; LEONARDO, NOELI F. Antarctic sea ice concentration in the Brazilian Earth System Model Simulations. Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection, v. 11, n. 9, p. 1-19, 2023. DOI: 10.4236/gep.2023.119001. Disponível em: http://repositorio.ipen.br/handle/123456789/34253. Acesso em: 30 Dec 2025.
Esta referência é gerada automaticamente de acordo com as normas do estilo IPEN/SP (ABNT NBR 6023) e recomenda-se uma verificação final e ajustes caso necessário.