Chemical characterization in the production chain of permanent magnets by Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICP OES)
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Brazilian Journal of Analytical Chemistry
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Super-magnets, materials whose
strong magnetic activity is an
attractive differential for the hightech
industry, may have their
magnetic performance affected by
small variations in their chemical
composition. For example, the
neodymium and praseodymium
content can change the
physicochemical properties of the
permanent magnets. Aiming at a
strict chemical quality control, this
work developed an analytical
method to quantify the major elements in the materials involved in the production process of didymium (the
mixture of neodymium and praseodymium) super-magnets. The simultaneous determination of Nd
(401.225 nm), Pr (414.311 nm), Fe (259.837 nm) and B (249.678 nm) in three different sample types
(didymium oxide, metallic didymium and (Nd,Pr)-Fe-B alloy) was performed by sample dissolution in acidic
media, followed by instrumental measurements using an Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometer. Linear calibration curves were obtained with high coefficient of determination (0.9983 ≤ R2
≤ 0.9999) and with appropriate limits for determining these elements at the percentage level, reaching
detection limits less than 0.07 cg g-1. The precision of the method was improved by weighing of the solutions
during all the dilution steps and was evaluated by the coefficient of variation associated to instrumental
precision (0.3 – 0.7%), method intermediate precision (1.9 – 3.1%) and also by the typical mass fraction
provided as uncertainty (0.04 – 0.20 cg g-1), reaching the pressing need to distinguish the content of the
rare earth elements in less than 1 cg g-1. The accuracy of the method was assessed by spiked and
recovery test (96-104% for spikes equal to or greater than 0.50 cg g-1) and also by the use of different
analytical methods, involving the participation of other laboratories, obtaining an acceptable degree of
agreement (85 – 107%).
Como referenciar
PAPAI, RODRIGO; FONSECA, KARINA T. da; ALMEIDA, GILMAR A. de; SILVA, ANDRE L.N. da; NAGASIMA, THIAGO P.; JABES, EDUARDO G.; SANTOS, CELIA A.L. dos; LANDGRAF, FERNANDO J.G.; LUZ, MACIEL S. Chemical characterization in the production chain of permanent magnets by Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICP OES): precise quantification of Nd, Pr, Fe and B in super-magnets samples. Brazilian Journal of Analytical Chemistry, v. 9, n. 36, p. 124-145, 2022. DOI: 10.30744/brjac.2179-3425.TN-108-2021. Disponível em: http://repositorio.ipen.br/handle/123456789/33378. Acesso em: 30 Dec 2025.
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