Novel resin-based material containing β-tricalcium phosphate nanoparticles for the reduction of dentin permeability

Abstract

Objectives: To synthesize and characterize a novel dentin adhesive containing Beta-Tricalcium Phosphate (beta-TCP) nanoparticles and test its ability to reduce dentin permeability (dP). Methods: Experimental adhesives were prepared by mixing Bis-GMA, TEGDMA, HEMA (50/25/25 wt.%), photoinitiators, and inhibitors. The following groups were tested: Experimental adhesives without beta-TCP (Exp.); with 10 wt.% beta-TCP (Exp.10 wt.% beta-TCP); with 15 wt.% beta-TCP (Exp.15 wt.% beta-TCP), Scotchbond Multi-Purpose (SBMP) and Clearfil SE Protect Bond (CFPB). Degree of conversion (DC%, 10 and 20 s); Flexural Strength (FS), Knoop Hardness (KHN), and Cell Viability (OD%) tests were performed. dP was evaluated by hydraulic conductance, using human dentin disks (n=12), at three-time intervals: post-EDTA (T0); post-treatment (T1); and post-erosion/abrasion cycling (T2). Data were statistically analyzed (alpha=0.05). Results: For all groups, exposure time for 20 s presented a higher DC% than for 10 s. For FS, filled adhesives did not differ from unfilled and from CFPB. Experimental adhesives did not differ among them and showed lower KHN than the commercial products. Cell viability did not differ among adhesives, except Exp. 15 wt.%, which showed lower OD% than Exp., Exp. 10% and, CFPB. For dP, only Exp.10 and 15 wt.% beta-TCP did not present difference between the times T1 and T2. After cycling, Exp.10 wt.% beta-TCP presented lower permeability than Exp. and CFPB. Conclusions: The incorporation of 10 wt.% beta-TCP nanoparticles into the resin-based dental material did not affect its mechanical properties and biocompatibility, and promoted the greatest reduction in dentin permeability, sustaining this effect under erosive/abrasive challenges. Clinical significance: A novel resin-based dental material containing beta-TCP nanoparticles was able to reduce dentin permeability, maintaining its efficacy after erosive/abrasive challenges. The synthesized material did not affect dental pulp cell viability and might be promising for other conditions that require dental remineralization, such as tooth wear and dental caries.