Mucoadhesive gellan gum-based and carboxymethyl cellulose -based hydrogels containing gemcitabine and papain for bladder cancer treatment
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International Journal of Biological Macromolecules
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Local treatment of bladder cancer faces several limitations such as short residence time or low permeation
through urothelium tissue. The aim of this work was to develop patient-friendly mucoadhesive gel formulations
combining gemcitabine and the enzyme papain for improved intravesical chemotherapy delivery. Hydrogels
based on two different polysaccharides, gellan gum and sodium carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), were prepared
with either native papain or papain nanoparticles (nanopapain) to explore for the first time their use as
permeability enhancers through bladder tissue. Gel formulations were characterized regarding enzyme stability,
rheological behavior, retention on bladder tissue and bioadhesion, drug release properties, permeation capacity,
and biocompatibility. After 90 days of storage, the enzyme loaded in the CMC gels retained up to 83.5 ± 4.9 % of
its activity in the absence of the drug, and up to 78.1 ± 5.3 with gemcitabine. The gels were mucoadhesive and
the enzyme papain showed mucolytic action, which resulted in resistance against washing off from the urothelium
and enhanced permeability of gemcitabine in the ex vivo tissue diffusion tests. Native papain shortened
lag-time tissue penetration to 0.6 h and enhanced 2-fold drug permeability All formulations demonstrated
pseudoplastic behavior and no irritability. Overall, the developed formulations have potential as an upgraded
alternative to intravesical therapy for bladder cancer treatment.
Como referenciar
LIMA, CAROLINE S.A. de; RIAL-HERMIDA, MARIA I.; FREITAS, LUCAS F. de; PEREIRA-DA-MOTA, ANA F.; VIVERO-LOPEZ, MARIA; FERREIRA, ARYEL H.; KADŁUBOWSKI, SŁAWOMIR; VARCA, GUSTAVO H.C.; LUGAO, ADEMAR B.; ALVAREZ-LORENZO, CARMEN. Mucoadhesive gellan gum-based and carboxymethyl cellulose -based hydrogels containing gemcitabine and papain for bladder cancer treatment. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, v. 242, n. 3, p. 1-16, 2023. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124957. Disponível em: http://repositorio.ipen.br/handle/123456789/34103. Acesso em: 30 Dec 2025.
Esta referência é gerada automaticamente de acordo com as normas do estilo IPEN/SP (ABNT NBR 6023) e recomenda-se uma verificação final e ajustes caso necessário.