Innovative lead-carbon battery utilizing electrode-electrolyte assembly inspired by PEM-FC architecture

Abstract

This study explores the innovative integration of a lead‑carbon battery with an electrode-electrolyte assembly inspired by Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEM-FC) architecture. The lead‑carbon material, synthesized with a 40 % mass ratio using the Flash Joule Heating Method, exhibits predominant Pb0 and PbO phases, as observed in lattice parameter fringes, with additional detection of the PbO2 phase. The resulting Carbon-Lead Acid Battery (CLAB) demonstrates a specific capacity of 11.2 mAh g−1. The incorporation of carbon enhances nanoparticle stability, yielding a highly stable battery performance over 100 cycles, with discharge potential variations of <2 %. This innovative CLAB assembly not only showcases stable performance and also introduces the potential for constructing flexible lead batteries, expanding technological applications. The study provides comprehensive insights into the synthesis, performance, and prospects of this novel lead‑carbon battery architecture, emphasizing its significance in the realm of energy storage solutions.