Toxicity removal of pharmaceuticals, fluoxetine and caffeine, by electron beam irradiation
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Biomedical Journal of Scientific & Technical Research
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The wide use of pharmaceuticals and water scarcity are associated to increasing levels of pharmaceutical
compounds discharged into water and wastewater worldwide, affecting relevant ecological services,
including biodegradation. However, water pollution has also encouraged studies applying advanced
oxidative processes (AOP) in organic pollutant degradation. Among AOPs, ionizing radiation has been
proven an effective technology for organic compound removal from waters and wastewater. The objective
of this study was to assess Electron Beam (EB) irradiation in the degradation of caffeine and fluoxetine and
their binary mixture in pure aqueous solutions. The degradation of these pharmaceuticals was evaluated
by GC/MS analyses. The degradation dose response was higher for the caffeine and fluoxetine mixture
(1:1) at 2.5 kGy. This dose led to decreased toxicity towards Daphnia similis for both the fluoxetine +
caffeine mixture and the isolated fluoxetine solution, but not for the isolated caffeine. On the other hand,
Vibrio fischeri exposure for 15 min indicated toxicity removal for the entire pharmaceuticals sample
set and radiation dose. Fluoxetine was the most toxic pharmaceutical, followed by the binary mixture.
Thus, we suggest ecopharmacovigilance, where attention should be paid to the increasing amount of
pharmaceuticals, caffeine and fluoxetine detected in water.
Como referenciar
BOIANI, NATHALIA F.; REDIGOLO, MARCELO M.; CALVO, WILSON A.; TOMINAGA, FLAVIO K.; BORRELY, SUELI I. Toxicity removal of pharmaceuticals, fluoxetine and caffeine, by electron beam irradiation. Biomedical Journal of Scientific & Technical Research, v. 51, n. 3, p. 42647-42651, 2023. DOI: 10.26717/BJSTR.2023.51.008094. Disponível em: https://repositorio.ipen.br/handle/123456789/47863. Acesso em: 30 Dec 2025.
Esta referência é gerada automaticamente de acordo com as normas do estilo IPEN/SP (ABNT NBR 6023) e recomenda-se uma verificação final e ajustes caso necessário.