Effects of aluminum distearate addition on UO2 sintering and microstructure

Abstract

Uranium dioxide (UO2) is widely used as a fuel in commercial nuclear light-water reactors (LWRs). Rigorous control of density, pore, and grain size of UO2 pellets are important prerequisites for fuel performance. Solid lubricants, frequently used in pellets manufacturing, minimize structural defects on compaction such as cracks and end-capping, promoting grain growth during sintering. This work presents and discusses the effects of the aluminum distearate (ADS) addition on the sintering behavior and microstructure of UO2 fuel pellets. UO2 and UO2-0.2wt% ADS pellets were sintered at 1760 °C for 5.7 h for comparison purposes. The results show that the densification rate increases using the solid lubricant, but the shrinkage is lowered by 0.7% due to low homogenization. The average grain size was increased by about 35% during sintering. Based on our results and a literature review, a mechanism for grain growth by aluminum addition is proposed.