IVAN KORKISCHKO
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Artigo IPEN-doc 28365 Three-dimensional CFD modeling of H2/O2 HT-PEMFC based on H3PO4-doped PBI membranes2021 - PANESI, A.R.Q.; SILVA, R.P.; CUNHA, E.F.; KORKISCHKO, I.; SANTIAGO, E.I.A complete non-isothermal model of a HT-PEMFC setup using a PBI/ H3PO4 membrane was developed, modeled, and solved using COMSOL Multiphysics. Polarization curves were simulated and compared to the corresponding experimental data. In this work, a serpentine flow field and an active area of 5 cm2 have been implemented in a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) application. The model predicts water vapor transport, mass concentration of H3PO4, temperature, and membrane current density distribution. In this model, the anode feed is pure hydrogen, and oxygen is introduced at the cathode side. The heat transfer model was coupled with the electrochemical and mass transport; a particular heating configuration is investigated for temperature distribution, emphasizing the membrane. The models showed consistency and were used to investigate the behavior of H3PO4 concentration and all transport characteristics. The concentration of phosphoric acid decreases with increasing temperature and relative humidity and the diffusive flux of water vapor increases with the decrease of the operating voltage. Two different configurations of inlet and outlet flow channels were analyzed and the results were compared.Artigo IPEN-doc 27739 Performance analysis of a water ejector using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations and mathematical modeling2021 - MARUM, VICTOR J. de O.; REIS, LIVIA B.; MAFFEI, FELIPE S.; RANJBARZADEH, SHAHIN; KORKISCHKO, IVAN; GIORIA, RAFAEL dos S.; MENEGHINI, JULIO R.A quasi-one-dimensional (1D) mathematical model coupled with Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations of a water ejector is presented. Using data from CFD simulations, the mathematical model was used to calculate the friction loss coefficients of the ejector components, to predict its maximum efficiency point and to delimit its envelope of operation. The CFD approach was validated with experimental data and employed the finite element method to test the main turbulence models found in the literature (k-ε, k-u and k-u SST) for incompressible-flow ejectors. A set of operational conditions (OP) was tested and results show that the k-u SST turbulence model is the most suitable to capture the ejector flow characteristics in all OP. In addition, for higher entrainment ratio (M) values, it was observed a possible correlation between how well the boundary layer can be solved and how the model is able to capture the ejector efficiency curve. Moreover, for lower M values, another possible correlation may be stated between how the turbulence model is able to capture the velocity profile.Artigo IPEN-doc 25825 Spatially resolved oxygen reaction, water, and temperature distribution2019 - LOPES, THIAGO; BERUSKI, OTAVIO; MANTHANWAR, AMIT M.; KORKISCHKO, IVAN; PUGLIESI, REYNALDO; STANOJEV, MARCO A.; ANDRADE, MARCOS L.G.; PISTIKOPOULOS, EFSTRATIOS N.; PEREZ, JOELMA; FONSECA, FABIO C.; MENEGHINI, JULIO R.; KUCERNAK, ANTHONY R.In situ and ex situ spatially-resolved techniques are employed to investigate reactant distribution and its impacts in a polymer electrolyte fuel cell. Temperature distribution data provides further evidence for secondary flows inferred from reactant imaging data, highlighting the contribution of convection in heat as well as reactant distribution. Water build-up from neutron tomography is linked to component degradation, matching the pattern seen in the reactant distribution and thus suggesting that high, non-uniform local current densities shape degradation patterns in fuel cells. The correlations shown between different techniques confirm the use of the versatile reactant imaging technique, which is used to compare commonly used flow field designs. Among serpentine-type designs, the single serpentine is superior in both equivalent current density and reactant distribution, showing large contributions from convective flow. On the other hand, the interdigitated design is shown to produce larger equivalent current densities, while showing a somewhat poorer reactant distribution. Considering the correlations drawn between the techniques, this suggests that the interdigitated design compromises durability in favour of power output. The results highlight how established techniques provide a robust background for the use of a new and flexible imaging technique toward designing advanced flow fields for practical fuel cell applications.Artigo IPEN-doc 24378 Shape optimization of PEMFC flow-channel cross-sections2017 - KORKISCHKO, I.; CARMO, B.S.; FONSECA, F.C.This paper presents the modeling, simulation and optimization of a single channel proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) using computational fluid dynamics methods. The shape optimization of the flow-channels was employed to improve the electrical performance of the fuel cell. The maximization of the current density was the objective function of the single-objective optimization problem, the upper and lower widths of the flow channels were the control variables and a cross-section area restriction was imposed. The optimized flow-channel PEMFC presented improved current generation characteristics, showing higher current and power densities and a more uniform current density distribution than the rectangular flow-channel.Artigo IPEN-doc 23187 CFD analysis of PEMFC flow channel cross sections2017 - PAULINO, A.L.R.; CUNHA, E.F.; ROBALINHO, E.; LINARDI, M.; KORKISCHKO, I.; SANTIAGO, E.I.This paper presents a study of single-channel proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) using computational modeling and simulation. For this analysis, the commercial software COMSOL Multiphysics was used to build a single-phase isothermal and tridimensional fuel cell model. For the mathematical description of the catalyst layer, the flooded agglomerate model was implemented, and it proved to be more accurate than Butler-Volmer model, which is the pre-built model in the software. Such evidence was verified when comparing the polarization curves obtained using both models with an experimental curve. After definition of the model, the main objective of this study was to analyze the influence of the flow channel cross-section in the water distribution inside the cell, studying rectangular, trapezoidal and hybrid stepped geometries. The fuel cell with stepped channel was equivalent to the trapezoidal cell in all aspects analyzed, and both provided superior water management than the rectangular cell. However, the current generation in the rectangular design was slightly higher. It was noted that the simulation of a tridimensional model provided a better understanding of the regions where higher concentrations of water can occur, and that different flow channel designs can be used to enhance water management.