Particulate matter extracted from human anthracotic tissues induces inflammatory markers in co-culture of lung cells and macrophages
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Toxicology
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Anthracosis, characterized by black pigmentation in the lungs and tracheobronchial tree due to inhaled carbon
particles, has been linked to urban air pollution. This study analyzed the chemical composition of particulate
matter extracted from anthracotic tissue (APE) and its effects on human bronchial cells (BEAS-2B) and lung
adenocarcinoma cells (A549) in co-culture with M1 or M2 macrophages. Diesel exhaust particles (DEP) served as
a positive control. APE was extracted from lung and lymph nodes at Capital Death Verification Service (SVO) and
chemically characterized for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and inorganic elements like metals and
sulfur. DEP contained more complex PAHs and higher levels of iron, sulfur, and zinc than APE. Pulmonary cell’s
metabolism decreased after exposure to APE, also co-culture macrophage viability. Macrophage immunophenotyping
revealed heterogeneity, with M1 and M2 markers present in mono- and co-cultures, but APE exposure
induced a pro-inflammatory M1 profile. Cytokine analysis showed significant increases in IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, and
IL-8 levels after APE exposure, but not DEP. Gene expression of CYP1A1 and CYP1B1, associated with xenobiotic
responses, increased after DEP exposure but remained unaffected by APE. Both APE and DEP caused mild
modulation of cell cycle markers p53 and EGFR. These findings suggest APE is a metabolized particle, but not
inert, inducing a pro-inflammatory response in pulmonary cells. Differences between APE and DEP effects likely
stem from compositional variations: DEP’s higher PAHs amount elicited a xenobiotic response, whereas APE’s
lower-weight PAHs triggered pronounced cytokine release.
Como referenciar
FRIAS, DANIELA F.; VIEIRA, GABRIELA L.; SMELAN, JULIANA; LACERDA, JOAO P.A. de; SILVA, PAULO S.C. da; SUSSA, FABIO V.; CARVALHO-OLIVEIRA, REGIANI; SALDIVA, PAULO H.N.; MAUAD, THAIS; MACCHIONE, MARIANGELA. Particulate matter extracted from human anthracotic tissues induces inflammatory markers in co-culture of lung cells and macrophages. Toxicology, v. 519, p. 1-12, 2026. DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2025.154299. Disponível em: https://repositorio.ipen.br/handle/123456789/49315. Acesso em: 26 Mar 2026.
Esta referência é gerada automaticamente de acordo com as normas do estilo IPEN/SP (ABNT NBR 6023) e recomenda-se uma verificação final e ajustes caso necessário.