NATALIE COSTA ROLINDO

NATALIE COSTA ROLINDO

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Preliminary study on important radionuclides for the safety assessment of the Brazilian repository for LILW (CENTENA)
2023 - CABRERA, PALOMA S.; TELLO, CLEDOLA; VICENTE, ROBERTO; ROLINDO, NATALIE
The Nuclear and Environmental Technological Center (CENTENA) will be the Brazilian near surface repository for low and intermediate-level radioactive wastes. It is in the construction site selection phase and consists in an undertaking of great importance for nuclear technology development in Brazil. In this work, we evaluated the Brazilian radioactive waste inventory and a preliminary list of important radionuclides to be considered for the CENTENA safety assessment is presented. We hope to contribute to the discussion of the subject in the country and to assist in the decision making regarding the safety of the project.
Assessment of radiation doses in "conditional clearance" of tenorm waste from oil and gas industry
2023 - ROLINDO, NATALIE; VICENTE, ROBERTO; CABRERA, PALOMA S.
Brazil lacks legal basis for disposal of the NORM waste generated in oil and gas production platforms. Currently, oil sludge or scales containing the radionuclides of the natural decay chains above clearance levels are only packaged in drums and stored indefinitely in licensed storage facilities. The clearance levels are established for unconditional release, resulting in very conservative values for the activities and the activity concentrations of those radionuclides. This work aims to obtain a basis for deriving new, higher concentration limits for clearance of solid radioactive wastes based on the concept of ‘conditional clearance’, allowing the disposal of a larger fraction of the waste in licensed landfills.
Prospects for fungal bioremediation of unburied waste packages from the Goiânia radiological accident
2023 - TESSARO, ANA P.G.; ARAUJO, LEANDRO G. de; SILVA, THALITA T.; COELHO, EDNEI; CORREA, BENEDITO; ROLINDO, NATALIE C.; VICENTE, ROBERTO
Goiânia, the Goiás State capital, starred in 1987, where one of the largest radiological accidents in the world happened. A teletherapy machine was subtracted from a derelict radiotherapy clinic and disassembled by scavengers who distributed fragments of the 50 TBq 137CsCl source among relatives and acquaintances, enchanted by the blue shine of the substance. During the 15 days before the accident was acknowledged, contaminated recycling materials were delivered to recycling factories in four cities in the state of São Paulo, Brazil, in the form of recycling paper bales. The contaminated bales were spotted, collected, and stored in fifty 1.6 m3 steel boxes at the interim storage facility of the Nuclear and Energy Research Institute (IPEN). In 2017, a check of the content was performed in a few boxes and the presence of high moisture content was observed even though the bales were dry when conditioned and the packages were kept sealed since then. The main objective of this work was to report the fungi found in the radioactive waste after they evolved for 30 years in isolation inside the waste boxes and their role in the decay of the waste. Examination of the microbiome showed the presence of nematodes and fungal communities. The fungi species isolated were Aspergillus quadricinctus, Fusarium oxysporum, Lecanicillium coprophilumi, Scedosporium boydii, Scytalidium lignicola, Xenoacremonium recifei, and Pleurostoma richardsiae. These microorganisms showed a significant capacity to digest cellulose in our trials, which could be one of the ways they survive in such a harsh environment, reducing the volume of radioactive paper waste. These metabolic abilities give us a future perspective of using these fungi in biotechnology to remediate radioactively contaminated materials, particularly cellulose-based waste.
Further analyses of the unburied Goiania accident packages
2021 - SMITH, RICARDO B.; TESSARO, ANA P.G.; ROLINDO, NATALIE C.; VICENTE, ROBERTO
In 1987, in the city of Goiania, Brazil, a derelict teletherapy machine was disassembled by scavengers and Cs-137 was released in the environment, unleashing the biggest radiological accident in Brazil. During the 15 days before the accident was acknowledged, some contaminated materials were sold and delivered to recycling factories in a few cities in the state of Sao Paulo, Brazil, in the form of metal scrap and recycled paper bales. The contaminated material was then collected, the metal scrap was conditioned in forty-three 200-liter drums, and the paper bales were stored in fifty 1.6 cubic meter steel boxes at the interim storage of the Nuclear and Energy Research Institute (IPEN), in the city of Sao Paulo, and there remained ever since. In 2017, 30 years later, initial analyses were performed at a sample of these boxes, checking for their activity, weight, and incongruences between the original values recorded at the time of collection and the measurement results 30 years later. The results indicated that none of the boxes checked were close to the clearance limit and that, without any sort of treatment, this radioactive waste should be stored for at least 150 years more. Visual inspection could not be performed at that time. Nowadays, some of the boxes were opened and samples from the contaminated material inside were taken for analysis. The main objective of this work is to report the results from the evaluation of the physical state of this material. After these analyses, the treatment options for volume reduction that were previously proposed were reviewed, and the method that best suits the current characteristics of the waste was chosen.
Essays on nuclear energy and radioactive waste management
2021 - TESSARO, ANA P.G.; GERALDO, BIANCA; SOUZA, DAIANE C.B. de; ROMERO, FERNANDA; BISURI, INDRANIL; MARUMO, JULIO T.; CHEBERLE, LUAN T.V.; SACHDEVA, MAHIMA; ROSA, MYCHELLE M.L.; ROLINDO, NATALIE C.; SMITH, RICARDO B.; VICENTE, ROBERTO; SALVETTI, TEREZA C.
Assessment of dose for NORM oil sludge disposed of in landfills
2021 - ROLINDO, NATALIE C.; TESSARO, ANA P.G.; VICENTE, ROBERTO
Use of ionizing radiation for treatment and extraction of organic compounds from petroleum sludge
2019 - TESSARO, ANA P.G.; ROLINDO, NATALIE C.; MARUMO, JULIO T.; VICENTE, ROBERTO; LAS CASAS, ALEXANDRE
This paper presents preliminary results of a technical feasibility study of the use of an electron beam accelerator for the treatment of petroleum sludge and the degradation of organic and inorganic compounds. After analyzing the results of previous studies, the doses of the pilot study were defined.
Inventory and characterization of categories 3-5 disused sealed radioactive sources
2019 - ROLINDO, NATALIE C.; TESSARO, ANA P.G.; SMITH, RICARDO B.; CAMPOS, CESAR; SAID, YASSER; MARUMO, JULIO T.; VICENTE, ROBERTO
Brazil has one of the biggest inventories of SRS in the world, not only because of the large industrial park, the well-developed health care infrastructure and the numerous mining operations, but also by the use of radioactive sources in consumer products, such as smoke detectors, lightning arresters, surge protectors and even cardiac pacemakers. Presently, the inventory of DSRS at the WML is of more than 10,000; if the sources from lightning arresters, smoke detectors and Ir-192 with activities above the clearance levels are included, the estimate is over 150,000. The Waste Management Laboratory (WML) of the Nuclear and Energy Research Institute (IPEN/CNEN-SP) is responsible for the management and treatment of these sources. An important aspect to consider is that Brazil does not have a defined strategy or a protocol for screening and inventorying these sources, whose management was limited only to storage. The WML started the development of methods and operational work, to characterize and reduce the total volume of this inventory for the borehole-type final disposal facility yet to be constructed, where the DSRS will be disposed of. The information available from these sources is in a database created in 1980, when the sources began to be received. Several records on the FRSD that were checked are incomplete or simply incorrect, since there is no correspondence between the dates of entry of these sources in the storage and their physical characteristics. Some reasons can be listed to try to understand the divergences: the inspection when receiving the sources was not possible, no inspection procedure was defined, there were technical difficulties to open the packages. The objective of this work is to organize the inventory in a standardized way, control access, traceability, reduction of the necessary time to locate and characterize the sources upon reception, and of the repetitive work in the operational routine, and finally release of space in the storage.
Further analyses of the unburied Goiania Accident packages
2019 - SMITH, RICARDO B.; TESSARO, ANA P.G.; ROLINDO, NATALIE C.; VICENTE, ROBERTO
In 1987, in the city of Goiania, Brazil, a derelict teletherapy machine was disassembled by scavengers and Cs-137 was released in the environment, unleashing the biggest radiological accident in Brazil. During the 15 days before the accident was acknowledged, some contaminated materials were sold and delivered to recycling factories in a few cities in the state of Sao Paulo, Brazil, in the form of metal scrap and recycled paper bales. The contaminated material was then collected, the metal scrap was conditioned in forty-three 200-liter drums, and the paper bales were stored in fifty 1.6 cubic meter steel boxes at the interim storage of the Nuclear and Energy Research Institute (IPEN), in the city of Sao Paulo, and there remained ever since. In 2017, 30 years later, initial analyses were performed at a sample of these boxes, checking for their activity, weight, and incongruences between the original values recorded at the time of collection and the measurement results 30 years later. The results indicated that none of the boxes checked were close to the clearance limit and that, without any sort of treatment, this radioactive waste should be stored for at least 150 years more. Visual inspection could not be performed at that time. Nowadays, some of the boxes were opened and samples from the contaminated material inside were taken for analysis. The main objective of this work is to report the results from the evaluation of the physical state of this material. After these analyses, the treatment options for volume reduction that were previously proposed were reviewed, and the method that best suits the current characteristics of the waste was chosen.
Determinação da atividade de fontes radioativas seladas de irídio-192 em desuso
2020 - ROLINDO, NATALIE C.
Fontes radioativas seladas de 192Ir são amplamente utilizadas em gamagrafia pela indústria em testes não destrutivos. Estas fontes são obtidas em um reator nuclear por meio da reação nêutron-gama com o radioisótopo natural do irídio e após uma vida útil de cerca de um ano, tornam-se "fontes radioativas seladas em desuso" (FRSD). Considerando a meia-vida de 73,8 dias e as atividades iniciais típicas do 192Ir disponíveis comercialmente, a atividade destas fontes deveria cair abaixo do nível de dispensa em um período de 5 a 6 anos, quando poderiam ser liberadas do controle regulatório. No entanto, após o decaimento, estas fontes ainda apresentam taxas de dose mensuráveis e atividade acima dos níveis de dispensa. Uma investigação sobre as causas indicou que as fontes apresentam radioatividade residual devido à presença de 60Co (T1/2 de 5,3 anos) e do segundo estado metaestável 192m2Ir (T1/2 de 241 anos). Portanto, essas se qualificam para deposição em repositório para fontes seladas de meia-vida longa. O objetivo deste trabalho foi o desenvolvimento de um método para determinar a atividade de, pelo menos, 6 mil fontes de 192Ir armazenadas no Serviço de Gerenciamento de Rejeitos Radioativos do IPEN. Espectrometria gama, medida da taxa de dose realizadas com um detector CZT portátil e simulação com o software Microshield® foram usados no método dose-para-atividade para determinar as atividades.